Orem自理模式护理在慢性结肠炎患者中的应用效果

谢敏华 潘泓

[摘要]目的 探讨Orem自理模式护理在慢性结肠炎患者中的应用效果。方法 选择2017年1月～2018年1月我院收治的80例慢性结肠炎患者作为研究对象，按照随机数字表法分为研究组和对照组，每组40例。对照组进行常规护理，研究组进行Orem自理模式护理。比较两组的住院时间，再次入院率和并发症总发生率，以及使用抑郁自评量表（SDS）和焦虑自评量表（SAS）评价两组干预前后的心理状况。结果 研究组的住院时间短于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；研究组的再次入院率低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；研究组的并发症总发生率低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；护理前，两组的SDS和SAS评分比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），护理后，研究组的SDS和SAS评分低于对照组，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 与常规护理比较，对慢性结肠炎患者进行Orem自理模式护理能降低患者的再次入院率和并发症发生率，缩短其住院时间，有效缓解患者的焦虑和抑郁情绪，值得临床推广应用。

[关键词]慢性结肠炎；Orem自理模式；护理；应用效果

[中图分类号] R574.62 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721（2018）11（c）-0170-03

[Abstract] Objective To explore the application effect of Orem self-care model of nursing in patients with chronic colitis. Methods Eighty patients with chronic colitis admitted to our hospital from January 2017 to January 2018 were selected as the study subjects， they were divided into study group and the control group according to the random number table method， with 40 cases in each group. The control group received routine nursing， while the study group received Orem self-care mode nursing. The hospitalization time， re-admission rate and total incidence of complications were compared between the two groups. The psychological status of the two groups before and after intervention were assessed by self-rating depression scale （SDS） and self-rating anxiety scale （SAS）. Results The length of stay in the study group was shorter than that in the control group， the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）， the rate of re-hospitalization in the study group was lower than that in the control group， the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）. The total incidence of complications in the study group was lower than that in the control group （P<0.05）. Before nursing， there was no significant difference in SDS and SAS scores between the two groups （P>0.05）， after nursing， the scores of SDS and SAS in the study group were lower than those in the control group， and the differences were statistically significant （P<0.05）. Conclusion Compared with routine nursing， Orem self-care nursing for patients with chronic colitis can reduce the re-admission rate and complication rate， shorten the hospitalization time， effectively alleviate anxiety and depression， and is worthy of clinical application.

[Key words] Chronic colitis； Orem self-care model； Nursing； Application effect

慢性結肠炎是一种多发性、反复性、慢性炎症性疾病，其发病部位通常为直肠、乙状结肠、结肠，指结肠和直肠由于多种致病因素引起的溃疡、炎性水肿、出血病变[1]。临床症状表现为左下腹疼痛、腹泻与便秘交替出现、便下粘液，时好时坏，反复发作。不仅使患者的工作和生活受到严重影响，还会使患者产生负面情绪，阻碍患者恢复健康[2]。研究显示，对慢性结肠炎患者进行Orem自理模式护理可使患者的自我管理能力得到提高，激发患者的康复主动性，提升自我护理能力，满足患者心理方面的护理需求，使患者快速恢复健康[3-4]。本研究为探讨慢性结肠炎患者应用Orem自理模式护理的临床效果，选择我院收治的80例慢性结肠炎患者作为研究对象，现报道如下。