持续到设计最终的原则

吕德·布劳韦斯/Ruud Brouwers

戴安娜·贝福德 荷译英/Translated from Dutch by Dianna Beaufort

陈雨潇 英译中/Translated from English by CHEN Yuxiao

一览卡恩建筑事务所的作品，你会发现，尽管他们的作品中经常会出现时而秩序井然，时而抽象的柱廊，但他们的标志性风格并不是通过特定形状或形式的语汇被定义,而是从其关于建筑的坚定信念中被解读。他们所演奏的建筑总谱，总是既用到一系列的音符，而又不失去功能性的和谐。由一个项目受到启发，卡恩建筑事务所在保有对环境背景关注的同时，一个达到共识且经久不衰的理念应运而生：不要用建筑的琴键弹奏出不和谐的音符，而是呈现出一个清晰的韵律，既功能完备同时又旋律动听。

两个迥异的项目阐释了这一点。同样尚在建造中的新阿姆斯特丹法院和阿姆斯特丹史基浦机场的新航站楼，展示出了成功设计作品背后明晰的概念基础。项目的外观可能不同，但是它们有着相同的崇高内涵。它们在一起共同树立了一个充满意义的建筑典范，并对建筑文化的论述做出了贡献。

阿姆斯特丹史基浦机场航站楼

这个新的航站楼预计将于2023年开放，每年会有1400万名乘客到达于此并在此出发。卡恩建筑事务所与西班牙Lamela工作室和Ineco，以及ABT、DGMR、Arnout Meijer工作室和Planeground，同在一个名为KL AIR的联合企业中运作。在国际竞标中，卡恩所投标的设计，在所有的判定标准上都得分最高。

航站楼大厅的设计以乘客本身为关注的核心，这既包括个人体验的关注,也包括对人群承载力的考量。离境旅客对整体总览、充足采光、定位简便性及空间宽敞性的需求得到了保证。但同样地，也为到达的旅客提供了一个舒适、宽敞、满足视野和身体舒适度的环境。

位于大厅中央的是一个高起且宽阔的平台。出境旅客往上方走去，而那些挥手送别的人则会停留在下方。在平台上，旅客们将惊叹于航站楼宽敞的空间，和玻璃幕墙外的景色——最初是陆地的景色，然后看到天空，以及空中的飞机和圩田上方大片的荷兰天空。在自动行李托运和登机手续办理之后是安全检查区域。温暖的木制家具，充裕的阳光，以及两个郁郁葱葱的采光井，为安检过程的执行带来了一种更加轻松的气氛。

航站楼的气氛很大程度上受到光线的影响，并决定了旅客、地勤人员等使用者对空间的感受。航站楼中央通高部分的天花板/屋顶有一个180m×150m的“眼睛”，透出白天的天光和夜晚的星空，让旅客能够感受到一天内时间的变化。

阿姆斯特丹法院

法院以一种富于表现力的建筑语言展示并支持着民主法治。这是一个向公众开放且引人入内的建筑，同时也是一个颇具威严的机构。该建筑恰当地体现了“司法体系是一项公共事务，而法院的裁决具有权威性”。

法律的公共属性是指导该建筑设计及其建造和维护的最必要且一致的原则。访客们在毫无瑕疵的整洁环境中受到欢迎。这很重要，因为大多数访客——即便不是全部——也都不是为了好玩而来的。因此，一个宁静而宽敞的环境、具有美感的材料和颜色、视野开阔的休息室和使人感到受尊重的空间，都对营造轻松的氛围有着重要作用。

中央大厅是法院后侧空间概念的范例——充足的阳光，既提供监管又保证视线通透的开放性，还有新式的商务装修风格。地板和墙壁都使用了与入口区和前院相同的石材贴面。左右两栋包括律师室和听证室的法院大楼，构成了一个均衡的整体。两栋建筑的四层楼均部分向中庭开放。宏伟的封闭式花园里中间偏右的位置是自动扶梯，树间放置有雕塑。

法院前的空地呈现出对城市的开放姿态。透过外立面纤细的柱廊，人们对在露天广场上可以一览无余地看到法庭的公共区域。一个斜坡和几步台阶提供了通往广场的通道。广场水池的反射面以及花草相伴的长凳邀请人们在此休憩，驻足停留。□

1 阿姆斯特丹史基浦机场航站楼外景/Exterior view of the Amsterdam airport schiphol terminal

2 夜景/Night view

3 内景/Interior view

Looking at the oeuvre of KAAN Architecten,one sees that their signature style should be read in terms of a conviction regarding architecture, rather than through a vocabulary of shapes or patterns,even though a sleek, sometimes abstracted,colonnade often makes an appearance in their work.The architectural score that played always makes use of a range of notes without losing the functional harmony. Inspired by a project, and while remaining aware of the context, they come to a concept that thrives under consistency: playing the keys not into dissonance, but achieving a clear cadence that is at once functional and melodious.

Two very different projects illustrate the point. The new Amsterdam Courthouse and the new terminal at Amsterdam Airport Schiphol,both under construction, show a clear conceptual foundation that has fed a successful design. Their appearances may be different, but they share the same noble character and together they exemplify an architecture imbued with meaning and contribute to the discourse on the culture of building.

Amsterdam Airport Schiphol Terminal

A new terminal for the arrival and departure of 14 million passengers a year is set to open in 2023. KAAN Architecten is working in a consortium called KL AIR, with Estudio Lamela and Ineco from Spain and with ABT, DGMR, Arnout Meijer Studio and Planeground. KAAN's design submission to the international competition scored the most points on all criteria.

The design of the terminal concourse takes the passengers themselves as the central point of concern, whether as individuals or in a crowd capacity. Overview, daylight, ease of navigation and spaciousness are guaranteed for departing passengers, but equally, passengers arriving are given a pleasant, spacious environment with views and physical comforts.

Positioned centrally in the hall is a wide plateau.Outbound passengers are taken up and those waving them off remain below. From the plateau,travellers are surprised by the generous space of the terminal and by the views through the high glazed facades, initially views of the landside and then the airside with its aeroplanes and big Dutch skies over the polder. After the automated baggage handling and check-in are the security checks. Warm wooden furnishings, direct daylight and views of two large light wells filled with lush greenery ensure a more relaxed atmosphere for the security protocols.

The terminal's atmosphere is strongly influenced by the light and determines how users like travellers and ground staffs feel about the space. The ceiling/roof of the high central part of the terminal has an "oculus" measuring 180 by 150 metres, letting daylight and night skies in and allowing passengers to experience all times of the day.

Amsterdam Courthouse

The Courthouse showcases and supports the democratic rule of law, and does so in an eloquent architectural language. It is an inviting building open to the public and simultaneously a distinguished institution. The architecture expresses that jurisprudence is a public affair and the court's rulings are authoritative.

The public nature of law was the most imperative and consistent principle to guide the design of this building and its construction and maintenance. Visitors are impeccably welcomed into a tidy environment. This is important because most of the visitors, if not all, are not here for fun. So a calming, spacious environment,beautiful materials and colours, foyers with views and spaces that treat one with respect significantly contribute to a sense of ease.

The central hall is the epitome of the spatial concept behind the Courthouse: generous with daylight, an openness that provides oversight and sightlines, and stylishly business-like. The floors and walls are clad in the same stone that is found in the entrance zone and forecourt. The two courtroom buildings, left and right, that include counsel and hearing chambers, form a balanced composition for the whole. The floors of the four storeys in both buildings partially open up to atriums. Right of centre, the escalator is set against the backdrop of a magnificent enclosed garden with sculptures set among trees.

The forecourt of the Courthouse is a generous gesture to the city. Between the slender columns of the front facade, the open square offers unhindered views of the public area of the courtrooms. A ramp and some steps provide access to the square. The reflective surface of the square pool and the benches with flowers and plants alongside invite people to rest and stay a while.□

4 阿姆斯特丹法院外景/Exterior view of the Amsterdam courthouse

5 细部/Detail

6 内景/Interior view（1-6图片来源/Sources: KAAN Architecten）