孙冬宇,龚景旭,李序文,韩冠英,郭跃伟**
(1锦州医科大学药学院,锦州 121001;2中国科学院上海药物研究所新药研究国家重点实验室,上海 201203;3锦州医科大学附属第一医院,锦州 121001)
聚烯炔类天然产物广泛分布于多种生物体内,如:植物、苔藓、地衣、真菌、细菌、昆虫、海藻、海绵和背囊类动物。从结构上来看,该类化合物分为单环、双环、三环和链状结构,本次研究中的聚烯炔类化合物特指链状聚烯炔类化合物。这类化合物通常具有多个共轭C-C三键,其独特的共轭直线结构可以使他们显示出广泛的生物活性,包括抗肿瘤活性、抗菌活性、HIV逆转录酶抑制活性、胰脂肪酶抑制活性[1]。这种链状具有共轭的聚烯炔类化合物主要分布于海绵中,尤其是桶状海绵(xestospongiasp.)中,其中部分化合物显示出很强的细胞毒活性[2-4]。
肿瘤是严重威胁人类生命的多发疾病,已上市小分子抗肿瘤药物一部分来源于天然产物。很多海洋来源的聚烯炔类化合物对肿瘤细胞有着很强的抑制活性,比如天然产物S1~S5(图1)对HL-60,BGC-823,Bel-7402,KB细胞株显示出很强的抑制活性[5-6]。1992年Bourguet等[7]从采自马约特岛的Xestospongiatestudinaria海绵中分离得到了溴代化合物Methyl Xestospongoate,并且报道了其在抗菌方面的活性;2014年本课题组[8]再次从采自南海的该种海绵中分离得到了该化合物,并报道了其对胰脂肪酶的抑制活性。本研究以本课题组研究的天然产物Methyl Xestospongoate为基础,对该天然产物结构进行结构修饰得到52个类似物,并初步研究了其抗肿瘤细胞增殖活性。
Figure1 Chemical constructions ofS1-S5and Methyl Xestopongoate analogues
为了合成大量类似物进行后期的活性研究,本研究分别从原料炔基甲酯1a和1b出发经过端炔溴代得到化合物2a和2b[9],然后化合物2a和2b在一价铜的催化下分别与1,7-辛二炔和1,9-癸二炔经过Cadiot-Chodkiewitz偶联反应得到化合物3a~3d[10]。化合物3a~3d在碘化亚铜和四(三苯基膦)钯的催化下分别与13个不同的芳基碘化物进行Sonogashira偶联反应得到化合物4(a~m)~7(a~m)[10](路线1)。
核磁共振波谱由Bruker DRX-400 MHz和Bruker DRX-500 MHz型核磁共振仪测定[1H NMR位移值以氘代溶剂中残存的CHCl3(δ7.26)为内标;13C NMR位移值以CDCl3(δ77.0)为内标];质谱用Finnigan-MAT-95型质谱仪(测定EI-MS)测定;柱色谱硅胶由青岛海洋化工分厂生产;TLC预制板(F254)由烟台江友硅胶开发有限公司提供;化学试剂购自百灵威公司;所有有机溶剂均为分析纯。
2.2.1 化合物2a和2b的合成 取化合物1a(1.26 g,10 mmol)置于两个25 mL圆底烧瓶中,加入丙酮(10 mL)搅拌溶解,加入硝酸银(0.17 g,1 mmol )和NBS(1.78 g,10 mmol),室温搅拌3 h后TLC检测反应完全,减压蒸馏出多余的丙酮,用石油醚溶解后抽滤,滤液减压蒸馏得粗产物。经过硅胶柱色谱(石油醚-乙醚,50∶1)得到无色油状化合物2a(1.86 g,收率91%);化合物2b的制备方法参照化合物2a。
2.2.2 化合物3a~3d的合成 取化合物2a(0.93 g,4.5 mmol)置于25 mL圆底烧瓶中,加入甲醇(10 mL)搅拌溶解,加入1,7-辛二炔(0.47 g,4.5 mmol),氯化亚铜(50 mg,0.5 mmol)、盐酸羟胺(31 mg,0.45 mmol)和三乙胺(10 mL)室温搅拌过夜后TLC检测反应完全,加水(50 mL)稀释,用二氯甲烷(3×50 mL)萃取,有机相合并后减压蒸馏得粗产物。经过硅胶柱色谱(石油醚-乙醚,100∶1)得到无色油状化合物3a(0.62 g,收率59%);化合物3b,3c,3d的制备方法参照化合物3a。
2.2.3 化合物4(a~m)~7(a~m)的合成 分别取化合物3a(46 mg,0.2 mmol)置于13个10 mL圆底烧瓶中,分别加入三乙胺(5 mL)搅拌溶解,分别加入四(三苯基膦)钯(23 mg,0.02 mmol)和碘化亚铜(4 mg,0.02 mmol),再分别加入邻溴碘苯(56 mg,0.2 mmol)、邻碘甲苯(44 mg,0.2 mmol)、对三氟甲基碘苯(54 mg,0.2 mmol)、对氰基碘苯(46 mg,0.2 mmol)、间氰基碘苯(46 mg,0.2 mmol)、2-溴-5-碘吡啶(56 mg,0.2 mmol)、2-氯-5-碘吡啶(48 mg,0.2 mmol)、2-氟-3-碘吡啶(46 mg,0.2 mmol)、3,5-二氯碘苯(54 mg,0.2 mmol)、对氟碘苯(44 mg,0.2 mmol)、间氟碘苯(44 mg,0.2 mmol)、对碘苯甲酸甲酯(52 mg,0.2 mmol)、间碘苯甲酸甲酯(52 mg,0.2 mmol),室温搅拌过夜后TLC检测反应完全,加水(10 mL)稀释,用二氯甲烷(3×10 mL)萃取,有机相合并后减压蒸馏得粗产物。经过硅胶柱色谱(石油醚-乙醚,19∶1~9∶1)分别得13个化合物4a~4m。这些化合物的芳环上的1H NMR数据不同,其余1H NMR数据相同,其中相同的1H NMR数据如下,1H NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3)δ:3.67(3H,s),2.49(2H,m),2.44(2H,t,J=7.4 Hz),2.33(4H,m),1.85(2H,p,J=7.1 Hz),1.73(4H,m)。
Scheme1 Synthetic route of compounds4(a-m)~7(a-m)
化合物4a(47 mg,收率62%),无色油状液体。1H NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3)δ:7.55(1H,d,J=8.1 Hz),7.41(1H,d,J=6.7 Hz),7.22(1H,t,J=7.5 Hz),7.11(1H,d,J=7.8 Hz)。13C NMR(125 MHz,CDCl3)δ:173.5,133.4,132.4,128.9,127.0,126.0,125.6,94.8,79.9,77.5,76.2,66.3,65.6,51.7,32.8,27.6,27.4,23.6,19.2,18.9,18.8。HRMS-EI for C21H21BrO2m/z[M]+:Calcd.384.072 5;Found 384.072 7。
化合物4b(42 mg,收率66%),无色油状液体。1H NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3)δ:7.35(1H,d,J=7.4 Hz),7.17(2H,m),7.10(1H,m),2.41(3H,s)。13C NMR(125 MHz,CDCl3)δ:173.5,140.1,132.0,129.4,127.7,125.6,123.8,93.6,80.0,77.5,76.2,66.3,65.6,51.7,32.8,27.6,27.4,23.6,20.9,19.2,18.9,18.8。HRMS-EI for C22H24O2m/z[M]+:Calcd.320.177 6;Found 320.177 6。
化合物4c(46 mg,收率61%),白色粉末,熔点112~114 ℃。1H NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3)δ:7.52(2H,d,J=8.2 Hz),7.47(2H,d,J=8.2 Hz)。13C NMR(125 MHz,CDCl3)δ:173.5,131.9,125.2,92.5,80.1,77.5,76.2,66.3,65.6,51.7,32.8,27.6,27.4,23.6,19.2,18.9,18.8。HRMS-EI for C22H21F3O2m/z[M]+:Calcd.374.149 4;Found 374.149 2。
化合物4d(41 mg,收率62%),黄色油状液体。1H NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3)δ:7.55(2H,d,J=8.2 Hz),7.44(2H,d,J=8.2 Hz)。13C NMR(125 MHz,CDCl3)δ:173.5,132.2,132.0,129.0,118.7,111.0,94.8,79.9,77.5,76.2,66.3,65.6,51.7,32.8,27.6,27.4,23.6,19.2,18.9,18.8。HRMS-EI for C22H21NO2m/z[M]+:Calcd.331.157 2;Found 331.157 8。
化合物4e(41 mg,收率62%),黄色油状液体。1H NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3)δ:7.64(1H,s),7.58(1H,d,J=7.8 Hz),7.53(1H,d,J=7.8 Hz),7.38(1H,t,J=7.8 Hz)。13C NMR(125 MHz,CDCl3)δ:173.5,135.8,135.0,130.9,129.2,125.6,118.3,112.7,92.6,79.1,77.5,76.2,66.3,65.6,51.7,32.8,27.6,27.4,23.6,19.2,18.9,18.8。HRMS-EI for C22H21NO2m/z[M]+:Calcd.331.157 2;Found 331.157 3。
化合物4f(47 mg,收率62%),黄色油状液体。1H NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3)δ:8.58(1H,d,J=2.3 Hz),7.73(1H,dd,J=2.3,8.3 Hz),7.24(1H,d,J=8.3 Hz)。13C NMR(125 MHz,CDCl3)δ:173.5,151.0,142.2,138.8,127.9,119.6,91.8,80.0,77.5,76.2,66.3,65.6,51.7,32.8,27.6,27.4,23.6,19.2,18.9,18.8。HRMS-EI for C20H20BrNO2m/z[M]+:Calcd.384.067 7;Found 384.068 2。
化合物4g(42 mg,收率62%),无色油状液体。1H NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3)δ:8.36(1H,d,J=2.1 Hz),7.59(1H,dd,J=2.1,8.3 Hz),7.23(1H,d,J=8.3 Hz)。13C NMR(125 MHz,CDCl3)δ:173.5,152.2,149.8,141.1,123.8,120.0,94.6,76.7,77.5,76.2,66.3,65.6,51.7,32.8,27.6,27.4,23.6,19.2,18.9,18.8。HRMS-EI for C20H20ClNO2m/z[M]+:Calcd.341.118 3;Found 341.118 3。
化合物4h(41 mg,收率62%),无色油状液体。1H NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3)δ:8.09(1H,m),7.77(1H,m),7.11(1H,m)。13C NMR(125 MHz,CDCl3)δ:173.5,146.0,143.6,121.0,108.0,97.2,77.3,77.5,76.2,66.3,65.6,51.7,32.8,27.6,27.4,23.6,19.2,18.9,18.8。HRMS-EI for C20H20FNO2m/z[M]+:Calcd.325.147 8;Found 325.147 8。
化合物4i(50 mg,收率67%),无色油状液体。1H NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3)δ:7.25(3H,s)。13C NMR(125 MHz,CDCl3)δ:173.5,135.7,134.8,129.9,128.1,126.8,92.6,78.8,77.5,76.2,66.3,65.6,51.7,32.8,27.6,27.4,23.6,19.2,18.9,18.8。HRMS-EI for C21H20Cl2O2m/z[M]+:Calcd.374.084 0;Found 374.084 0。
化合物4j(40 mg,收率62%),黄色油状液体。1H NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3)δ:7.36(2H,dd,J=5.7,8.0 Hz),6.97(2H,d,J=8.6 Hz)。13C NMR(125 MHz,CDCl3)δ:173.5,160.7,132.9,119.5,115.0,88.7,79.5,77.5,76.2,66.3,65.6,51.7,32.8,27.6,27.4,23.6,19.2,18.9,18.8。HRMS-EI for C21H21FO2m/z[M]+:Calcd.324.152 6;Found 324.153 3。
化合物4k(41 mg,收率63%),黄色油状液体。1H NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3)δ:7.23(1H,m),7.15(1H,m),7.07(1H,m),6.96(1H,m)。13C NMR(125 MHz,CDCl3)δ:173.5,160.9,129.2,127.0,125.3,117.8,114.4,90.3,79.5,77.5,76.2,66.3,65.6,51.7,32.8,27.6,27.4,23.6,19.2,18.9,18.8。HRMS-EI for C21H21FO2m/z[M]+:Calcd.324.152 6;Found 324.153 1。
化合物4l(49 mg,收率67%),黄色油状液体。1H NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3)δ:7.93(2H,d,J=8.2 Hz),7.42(2H,d,J=8.2 Hz),3.89(3H,s)。13C NMR(125 MHz,CDCl3)δ:173.5,166.7,131.6,129.5,129.0,128.8,93.1,80.6,77.5,76.2,66.3,65.6,52.2,51.7,32.8,27.6,27.4,23.6,19.2,18.9,18.8。HRMS-EI for C23H24O4m/z[M]+:Calcd.364.167 5;Found 364.167 4。
化合物4m(48 mg,收率66%),黄色油状液体。1H NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3)δ:8.03(1H,s),7.91(1H,d,J=7.8 Hz),7.54(1H,d,J=7.7 Hz),7.34(1H,t,J=7.7 Hz)。13C NMR(125 MHz,CDCl3)δ:173.5,166.7,135.9,132.8,130.4,128.7,128.4,124.4,90.8,80.2,77.5,76.2,66.3,65.6,52.3,51.7,32.8,27.6,27.4,23.6,19.2,18.9,18.8。HRMS-EI for C23H24O4m/z[M]+:Calcd.364.167 5;Found 364.176 4。
化合物5a~5m制备方法参照4a~4m。这些化合物的芳环上的1H NMR数据不同,链上的NMR数据相同,其中相同的1H NMR数据如下,1H NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3)δ:3.67(3H,s),2.46(4H,m),2.33(2H,t,J=6.8 Hz),2.27(2H,t,J=6.8 Hz),1.84(2H,p,J=7.1 Hz),1.67~1.43(8H,m)。
化合物5a无色油状液体。1H NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3)δ:7.55(1H,d,J=8.1 Hz),7.41(1H,d,J=6.7 Hz),7.22(1H,t,J=7.5 Hz),7.11(1H,d,J=7.8 Hz)。13C NMR(125 MHz,CDCl3)δ:173.5,133.4,132.4,128.8,127.0,126.0,125.6,95.5,79.6,77.9,76.1,66.3,65.4,51.7,32.9,28.5,28.4,28.4,28.3,23.6,19.6,19.3,18.8。HRMS-EI for C23H25BrO2m/z[M]+:Calcd.412.103 8,Found 412.103 8。
化合物5b无色油状液体。1H NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3)δ:7.35(1H,d,J=7.4 Hz),7.17(2H,m),7.10(1H,m),2.41(3H,s)。13C NMR(125 MHz,CDCl3)δ:173.5,140.0,131.9,129.4,127.6,125.5,123.9,94.3,79.7,77.9,76.1,66.3,65.4,51.7,32.9,28.5,28.4,28.4,28.3,23.6,20.9,19.6,19.3,18.8。HRMS-EI for C24H28O2m/z[M]+:Calcd.348.208 9;Found 348.209 1。
化合物5c白色粉末,熔点116~118 ℃。1H NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3)δ:7.52(2H,d,J=8.2 Hz),7.47(2H,d,J=8.2 Hz)。13C NMR(125 MHz,CDCl3)δ:173.5,131.9,125.2,95.5,79.6,77.9,76.1,66.3,65.4,51.7,32.9,28.5,28.4,28.4,28.3,23.6,19.6,19.3,18.8。HRMS-EI for C24H25F3O2m/z[M]+:Calcd.402.180 7;Found 402.181 2。
化合物5d黄色油状液体。1H NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3)δ:7.55(2H,d,J=8.2 Hz),7.44(2H,d,J=8.2 Hz)。13C NMR(125 MHz,CDCl3)δ:173.5,132.2,132.0,129.0,118.7,111.0,94.8,79.9,77.9,76.1,66.3,65.4,51.7,32.9,28.5,28.4,28.4,28.3,23.6,19.6,19.3,18.8。HRMS-EI for C24H25NO2m/z[M]+:Calcd.359.188 5;Found 359.188 9。
化合物5e黄色油状液体。1H NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3)δ:7.64(1H,s),7.58(1H,d,J=7.8 Hz),7.53(1H,d,J=7.8 Hz),7.38(1H,t,J=7.8 Hz)。13C NMR(125 MHz,CDCl3)δ:173.5,135.8,135.0,130.9,129.2,125.6,118.3,112.7,92.6,79.1,77.9,76.1,66.3,65.4,51.7,32.9,28.5,28.4,28.4,28.3,23.6,19.6,19.3,18.8。HRMS-EI for C24H25NO2m/z[M]+:Calcd.359.188 5;Found 359.197 8。
化合物5f黄色油状液体。1H NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3)δ:8.58(1H,d,J=2.3 Hz),7.73(1H,dd,J=2.3,8.3 Hz),7.24(1H,d,J=8.3 Hz)。13C NMR(125 MHz,CDCl3)δ:173.5,151.0,142.2,138.8,127.9,119.6,92.4,77.9,77.8,76.1,66.3,65.4,51.7,32.9,28.5,28.4,28.4,28.3,23.6,19.6,19.3,18.8。HRMS-EI for C22H24BrNO2m/z[M]+:Calcd.412.091 2;Found 412.091 2。
化合物5g无色油状液体。1H NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3)δ:8.36(1H,d,J=2.1 Hz),7.59(1H,dd,J=2.1,8.3 Hz),7.23(1H,d,J=8.3 Hz)。13C NMR(125 MHz,CDCl3)δ:173.5,152.2,149.8,141.1,123.8,120.0,95.2,77.9,77.7,76.1,66.3,65.4,51.7,32.9,28.5,28.4,28.4,28.3,23.6,19.6,19.3,18.8。HRMS-EI for C22H24ClNO2m/z[M]+:Calcd.369.149 6;Found 369.149 2。
化合物5h无色油状液体。1H NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3)δ:8.09(1H,m),7.77(1H,m),7.11(1H,m)。13C NMR(125 MHz,CDCl3)δ:173.5,146.0,143.6,121.0,108.0,97.8,77.9,77.8,76.1,66.3,65.4,51.7,32.9,28.5,28.4,28.4,28.3,23.6,19.6,19.3,18.8。HRMS-EI for C22H24FNO2m/z[M]+:Calcd.353.179 1;Found 353.180 5。
化合物5i无色油状液体。1H NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3)δ:7.25(3H,s)。13C NMR(125 MHz,CDCl3)δ:173.5,135.7,134.8,129.9,128.1,126.8,93.3,77.9,77.8,76.1,66.3,65.4,51.7,32.9,28.5,28.4,28.4,28.3,23.6,19.6,19.3,18.8。HRMS-EI for C23H24Cl2O2m/z[M]+:Calcd.402.180 7;Found 402.181 2。
化合物5j黄色油状液体。1H NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3)δ:7.36(2H,dd,J=5.7,8.0 Hz),6.97(2H,d,J=8.6 Hz)。13C NMR(125 MHz,CDCl3)δ:173.5,160.7,132.9,119.5,115.0,89.9,77.9,77.4,76.1,66.3,65.4,51.7,32.9,28.5,28.4,28.4,28.3,23.6,19.6,19.3,18.8。HRMS-EI for C23H25FO2m/z[M]+:Calcd.352.183 9;Found 352.184 5。
化合物5k黄色油状液体。1H NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3)δ:7.23(1H,m),7.15(1H,m),7.07(1H,m),6.96(1H,m)。13C NMR(125 MHz,CDCl3)δ:173.5,160.9,129.2,127.0,125.3,117.8,114.4,91.5,77.9,77.4,76.1,66.3,65.4,51.7,32.9,28.5,28.4,28.4,28.3,23.6,19.6,19.3,18.8。HRMS-EI for C23H25FO2m/z[M]+:Calcd.352.183 9;Found 352.183 9。
化合物5l黄色油状液体。1H NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3)δ:7.93(2H,d,J=8.2 Hz),7.42(2H,d,J=8.2 Hz),3.89(3H,s)。13C NMR(125 MHz,CDCl3)δ:173.5,166.7,131.6,129.5,129.0,128.8,93.8,80.3,77.9,76.1,66.3,65.4,52.2,51.7,32.9,28.5,28.4,28.4,28.3,23.6,19.6,19.3,18.8。HRMS-EI for C25H28O4m/z[M]+:Calcd.392.198 8;Found 392.197 9。
化合物5m黄色油状液体。1H NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3)δ:8.03(1H,s),7.91(1H,d,J=7.8 Hz),7.54(1H,d,J=7.7 Hz),7.34(1H,t,J=7.7 Hz)。13C NMR(125 MHz,CDCl3)δ:173.5,166.7,135.9,132.8,130.4,128.7,128.4,124.4,91.4,79.9,77.9,76.1,66.3,65.4,52.3,51.7,32.9,28.5,28.4,28.4,28.3,23.6,19.6,19.3,18.8。HRMS-EI for C25H28O4m/z[M]+:Calcd.392.198 8;Found 392.198 3。
化合物6a~6m制备方法参照4a~4m。这些化合物的芳环上的1H NMR数据不同,链上的NMR数据相同,其中相同的1H NMR数据如下,1H NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3)δ:3.67(3H,s),2.47(2H,m),2.33(4H,m),2.28(2H,t,J=7.0 Hz),1.73(6H,m),1.56(2H,m)。
化合物6a无色油状液体。1H NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3)δ:7.55(1H,d,J=8.1 Hz),7.41(1H,d,J=6.7 Hz),7.22(1H,t,J=7.5 Hz),7.11(1H,d,J=7.8 Hz)。13C NMR(125 MHz,CDCl3)δ:173.9,133.4,132.4,128.9,127.0,126.0,125.6,94.8,79.9,77.3,77.0,65.8,65.7,51.7,33.6,27.8,27.6,27.4,24.2,19.2,19.1,18.9。HRMS-EI for C22H23BrO2m/z[M]+:Calcd.398.088 1;Found 398.088 6。
化合物6b无色油状液体。1H NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3)δ:7.35(1H,d,J=7.4 Hz),7.17(2H,m),7.10(1H,m),2.41(3H,s)。13C NMR(125 MHz,CDCl3)δ:173.9,140.1,132.0,129.4,127.7,125.6,123.8,93.6,80.0,77.3,77.0,65.8,65.7,51.7,33.6,27.8,27.6,27.4,24.2,20.9,19.2,19.1,18.9。HRMS-EI for C23H26O2m/z[M]+:Calcd.334.193 3;Found 334.194 2。
化合物6c白色粉末,熔点115-117 ℃。1H NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3)δ:7.52(2H,d,J=8.2 Hz),7.47(2H,d,J=8.2 Hz)。13C NMR(125 MHz,CDCl3)δ:173.9,131.9,125.2,92.5,80.1,77.3,77.0,65.8,65.7,51.7,33.6,27.8,27.6,27.4,24.2,19.2,19.1,18.9。HRMS-EI for C23H23F3O2m/z[M]+:Calcd.388.165 0;Found 388.164 8。
化合物6d黄色油状液体。1H NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3)δ:7.55(2H,d,J=8.2 Hz),7.44(2H,d,J=8.2 Hz)。13C NMR(125 MHz,CDCl3)δ:173.9,132.2,132.0,129.0,118.7,111.0,94.8,79.9,77.3,77.0,65.8,65.7,51.7,33.6,27.8,27.6,27.4,24.2,19.2,19.1,18.9。HRMS-EI for C23H23NO2m/z[M]+:Calcd.345.172 9;Found 345.172 1。
化合物6e黄色油状液体。1H NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3)δ:7.64(1H,s),7.58(1H,d,J=7.8 Hz),7.53(1H,d,J=7.8 Hz),7.38(1H,t,J=7.8 Hz)。13C NMR(125 MHz,CDCl3)δ:173.9,135.8,135.0,130.9,129.2,125.6,118.3,112.7,92.6,79.1,77.3,77.0,65.8,65.7,51.7,33.6,27.8,27.6,27.4,24.2,19.2,19.1,18.9。HRMS-EI for C23H23NO2m/z[M]+:Calcd.345.172 9;Found 345.173 4。
化合物6f黄色油状液体。1H NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3)δ:8.58(1H,d,J=2.3 Hz),7.73(1H,dd,J=2.3,8.3 Hz),7.24(1H,d,J=8.3 Hz)。13C NMR(125 MHz,CDCl3)δ:173.9,151.0,142.2,138.8,127.9,119.6,91.8,80.0,77.3,77.0,65.8,65.7,51.7,33.6,27.8,27.6,27.4,24.2,19.2,19.1,18.9。HRMS-EI for C21H22BrNO2m/z[M]+:Calcd.398.072 9;Found 398.075 9。
化合物6g无色油状液体。1H NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3)δ:8.36(1H,d,J=2.1 Hz),7.59(1H,dd,J=2.1,8.3 Hz),7.23(1H,d,J=8.3 Hz)。13C NMR(125 MHz,CDCl3)δ:173.9,152.2,149.8,141.1,123.8,120.0,94.6,77.3,77.0,76.7,65.8,65.7,51.7,33.6,27.8,27.6,27.4,24.2,19.2,19.1,18.9。HRMS-EI for C21H22ClNO2m/z[M]+:Calcd.355.133 9;Found 355.134 2。
化合物6h无色油状液体。1H NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3)δ:8.09(1H,m),7.77(1H,m),7.11(1H,m)。13C NMR(125 MHz,CDCl3)δ:173.9,146.0,143.6,121.0,108.0,97.2,77.4,77.3,77.0,65.8,65.7,51.7,33.6,27.8,27.6,27.4,24.2,19.2,19.1,18.9。HRMS-EI for C21H22FNO2m/z[M]+:Calcd.339.163 5;Found 339.163 6。
化合物6i无色油状液体。1H NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3)δ:7.25(3H,s)。13C NMR(125 MHz,CDCl3)δ:173.9,135.7,134.8,129.9,128.1,126.8,92.6,78.8,77.3,77.0,65.8,65.7,51.7,33.6,27.8,27.6,27.4,24.2,19.2,19.1,18.9。HRMS-EI for C22H22Cl2O2m/z[M]+:Calcd.388.099 7;Found 388.100 1。
化合物6j黄色油状液体。1H NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3)δ:7.36(2H,dd,J=5.7,8.0 Hz),6.97(2H,d,J=8.6 Hz)。13C NMR(125 MHz,CDCl3)δ:173.9,160.7,132.9,119.5,115.0,88.7,79.5,77.3,77.0,65.8,65.7,51.7,33.6,27.8,27.6,27.4,24.2,19.2,19.1,18.9。HRMS-EI for C22H23FO2m/z[M]+Calcd.338.168 2;Found 338.168 3。
化合物6k黄色油状液体。1H NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3)δ:7.23(1H,m),7.15(1H,m),7.07(1H,m),6.96(1H,m)。13C NMR(125 MHz,CDCl3)δ:173.9,160.9,129.2,127.0,125.3,117.8,114.4,90.3,79.5,77.3,77.0,65.8,65.7,51.7,33.6,27.8,27.6,27.4,24.2,19.2,19.1,18.9。HRMS-EI for C22H23FO2m/z[M]+:Calcd.338.168 2;Found 338.168 1。
化合物6l黄色油状液体。1H NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3)δ:7.93(2H,d,J=8.2 Hz),7.42(2H,d,J=8.2 Hz),3.89(3H,s)。13C NMR(125 MHz,CDCl3)δ:173.9,166.7,131.6,129.5,129.0,128.8,93.1,80.6,77.3,77.0,65.8,65.7,52.2,51.7,33.6,27.8,27.6,27.4,24.2,19.2,19.1,18.9。HRMS-EI for C24H26O4m/z[M]+:Calcd.378.183 1,Found 378.183 3。
化合物6m黄色油状液体。1H NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3)δ:8.03(1H,s),7.91(1H,d,J=7.8 Hz),7.54(1H,d,J=7.7 Hz),7.34(1H,t,J=7.7 Hz)。13C NMR(125 MHz,CDCl3)δ:173.9,166.7,135.9,132.8,130.4,128.7,128.4,124.4,90.8,80.2,77.3,77.0,65.8,65.7,52.3,51.7,33.6,27.8,27.6,27.4,24.2,19.2,19.1,18.9。HRMS-EI for C24H26O4m/z[M]+:Calcd.378.183 1;Found 378.183 1。
化合物7a~7m制备方法参照4a~4m。这些化合物的芳环上的1H NMR数据不同,链上的NMR数据相同,其中相同的1H NMR数据如下,1H NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3)δ:3.67(3H,s),2.46(2H,t,J=7.0 Hz),2.32(2H,t,J=7.4 Hz),2.27(4H,m),1.73(2H,m),1.64~1.44(10H,m)。
化合物7a无色油状液体。1H NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3)δ:7.55(1H,d,J=8.1 Hz),7.41(1H,d,J=6.7 Hz),7.22(1H,t,J=7.5 Hz),7.11(1H,d,J=7.8 Hz)。13C NMR(125 MHz,CDCl3)δ:173.9,133.4,132.4,128.8,127.0,126.0,125.6,95.5,79.6,77.8,76.8,65.9,65.4,51.7,33.6,28.5,28.4,28.4,28.3,27.9,24.2,19.7,19.3,19.1。HRMS-EI for C24H27BrO2m/z[M]+:Calcd.426.119 4;Found 426.120 8。
化合物7b无色油状液体。1H NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3)δ:7.35(1H,d,J=7.4 Hz),7.17(2H,m),7.10(1H,m),2.41(3H,s)。13C NMR(125 MHz,CDCl3)δ:173.9,140.0,131.9,129.4,127.6,125.5,123.9,94.3,79.7,77.8,76.8,65.9,65.4,51.7,33.6,28.5,28.4,28.4,28.3,27.9,24.2,20.9,19.7,19.3,19.1。HRMS-EI for C25H30O2m/z[M]+:Calcd.362.224 6;Found 362.225 0。
化合物7c白色粉末,熔点121~123 ℃。1H NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3)δ:7.52(2H,d,J=8.2 Hz),7.47(2H,d,J=8.2 Hz)。13C NMR(125 MHz,CDCl3)δ:173.9,131.9,125.2,95.5,79.6,77.8,76.8,65.9,65.4,51.7,33.6,28.5,28.4,28.4,28.3,27.9,24.2,19.7,19.3,19.1。HRMS-EI for C25H27F3O2m/z[M]+:Calcd.416.196 3;Found 416.196 8。
化合物7d黄色油状液体。1H NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3)δ:7.55(2H,d,J=8.2 Hz),7.44(2H,d,J=8.2 Hz)。13C NMR(125 MHz,CDCl3)δ:173.9,132.2,132.0,129.0,118.7,111.0,94.8,79.9,77.8,76.8,65.9,65.4,51.7,33.6,28.5,28.4,28.4,28.3,27.9,24.2,19.7,19.3,19.1。HRMS-EI for C25H27NO2m/z[M]+:Calcd.373.204 2;Found 373.204 1。
化合物7e黄色油状液体。1H NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3)δ:7.64(1H,s),7.58(1H,d,J=7.8 Hz),7.53(1H,d,J=7.8 Hz),7.38(1H,t,J=7.8 Hz)。13C NMR(125 MHz,CDCl3)δ:173.9,135.8,135.0,130.9,129.2,125.6,118.3,112.7,92.6,79.1,77.8,76.8,65.9,65.4,51.7,33.6,28.5,28.4,28.4,28.3,27.9,24.2,19.7,19.3,19.1。HRMS-EI for C25H27NO2m/z[M]+:Calcd.373.204 2;Found 373.204 1。
化合物7f黄色油状液体。1H NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3)δ:8.58(1H,d,J=2.3 Hz),7.73(1H,dd,J=2.3,8.3 Hz),7.24(1H,d,J=8.3 Hz)。13C NMR(125 MHz,CDCl3)δ:173.9,151.0,142.2,138.8,127.9,119.6,92.4,77.9,77.8,76.8,65.9,65.4,51.7,33.6,28.5,28.4,28.4,28.3,27.9,24.2,19.7,19.3,19.1。HRMS-EI for C23H26BrNO2m/z[M]+:Calcd.427.114 7;Found 427.114 3。
化合物7g无色油状液体。1H NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3)δ:8.36(1H,d,J=2.1 Hz),7.59(1H,dd,J=2.1,8.3 Hz),7.23(1H,d,J=8.3 Hz)。13C NMR(125 MHz,CDCl3)δ:173.9,152.2,149.8,141.1,123.8,120.0,95.2,77.8,77.7,76.8,65.9,65.4,51.7,33.6,28.5,28.4,28.4,28.3,27.9,24.2,19.7,19.3,19.1。HRMS-EI for C23H26ClNO2m/z[M]+:Calcd.383.165 2;Found 383.164 9。
化合物7h无色油状液体。1H NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3)δ:8.09(1H,m),7.77(1H,m),7.11(1H,m)。13C NMR(125 MHz,CDCl3)δ:173.9,146.0,143.6,121.0,108.0,97.8,77.9,77.8,76.8,65.9,65.4,51.7,33.6,28.5,28.4,28.4,28.3,27.9,24.2,19.7,19.3,19.1。HRMS-EI for C23H26FNO2m/z[M]+:Calcd.367.194 8;Found 367.195 7。
化合物7i无色油状液体。1H NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3)δ:7.25(3H,s)。13C NMR(125 MHz,CDCl3)δ:173.9,135.7,134.8,129.9,128.1,126.8,93.3,77.9,77.8,76.8,65.9,65.4,51.7,33.6,28.5,28.4,28.4,28.3,27.9,24.2,19.7,19.3,19.1。HRMS-EI for C24H26Cl2O2m/z[M]+:Calcd.416.131 0;Found 416.131 9。
化合物7j黄色油状液体。1H NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3)δ:7.36(2H,dd,J=5.7,8.0 Hz),6.97(2H,d,J=8.6 Hz)。13C NMR(125 MHz,CDCl3)δ:173.9,160.7,132.9,119.5,115.0,89.9,77.8,77.4,76.8,65.9,65.4,51.7,33.6,28.5,28.4,28.4,28.3,27.9,24.2,19.7,19.3,19.1。HRMS-EI for C24H27FO2m/z[M]+:Calcd.366.199 5;Found 366.199 5。
化合物7k黄色油状液体。1H NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3)δ:7.23(1H,m),7.15(1H,m),7.07(1H,m),6.96(1H,m)。13C NMR(125 MHz,CDCl3)δ:173.9,160.9,129.2,127.0,125.3,117.8,114.4,91.5,77.9,77.8,76.8,65.9,65.4,51.7,33.6,28.5,28.4,28.4,28.3,27.9,24.2,19.7,19.3,19.1。HRMS-EI for C24H27FO2m/z[M]+:Calcd.366.199 5;Found 366.199 4。
化合物7l黄色油状液体。1H NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3)δ:7.93(2H,d,J=8.2 Hz),7.42(2H,d,J=8.2 Hz),3.89(3H,s)。13C NMR(125 MHz,CDCl3)δ:173.9,166.7,131.6,129.5,129.0,128.8,93.8,80.3,77.8,76.8,65.9,65.4,52.2,51.7,33.6,28.5,28.4,28.4,28.3,27.9,24.2,19.7,19.3,19.1。HRMS-EI for C26H30O4m/z[M]+:Calcd.406.214 4;Found 406.214 0。
化合物7m黄色油状液体。1H NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3)δ:8.03(1H,s),7.91(1H,d,J=7.8 Hz),7.54(1H,d,J=7.7 Hz),7.34(1H,t,J=7.7 Hz)。13C NMR(125 MHz,CDCl3)δ:173.9,166.7,135.9,132.8,130.4,128.7,128.4,124.4,91.4,79.9,77.8,76.8,65.9,65.4,52.3,51.7,33.6,28.5,28.4,28.4,28.3,27.9,24.2,19.7,19.3,19.1。HRMS-EI for C26H30O4m/z[M]+:Calcd.406.214 4;Found 406.214 0。
采用CCK-8方法对化合物4(a~m)~7(a~m)以及阳性药阿霉素对A549,P-388细胞的生长抑制活性进行检测。具体步骤如下:处于对数生长期的细胞按合适密度接种至96孔培养板,每孔90 μL,培养过夜后,加入不同浓度的药物作用72 h,每个浓度设3个复孔,浓度分别为1,10,100 μmol/L。作用结束后,每孔加入CCK-8 10 μL,培养箱中孵育4 h后,SpectraMax 190 酶标仪测定450 nm波长下的吸收值。
部分化合物显示出较弱的抑制细胞增殖的活性,化合物6k对A-549及P-388细胞增殖有显著抑制作用(表1)。
Table1 IC50value of some compounds and Adriamycin on A549 and P-388 cell proliferation
Compd.A549 cell/(μmol/L)P-388 cell/(μmol/L)4e54.663.54f60.335.55d53.651.25j63.456.16e30.329.66f36.332.46g45.252.36k9.369.627e35.142.27f41.336.5Adriamycin1.340.115
本研究通过改变Methyl Xestospongoate的取代基以及碳链的长度设计合成其类似物:引入吸电子基和供电子基来改变电荷的分布可能获得活性较好的化合物;通过改变碳链长度的同系物设计也可能改善活性。通过Cadiot-Chodkiewitz偶联和Sonogashira偶联反应得到52个Methyl Xestospongoate类似物4(a~m)~7(a~m)。通过对肿瘤细胞增殖抑制活性的测试,化合物6k显示出对A549和P-388细胞增殖相对较强的抑制活性,其IC50分别为9.36和9.62 μmol/L,其抗肿瘤机制有待进一步研究。