ABSTRACTS

(1)EthicalreflectiononDoctrineoftheMean

RENChou·5·

Despite its seemingly strong advocacy of moderation and rejection of extremes,DoctrineoftheMeanupholds the principle that difference comes before equality and may land people with a difficult situation of “hurting each other”. In view of this, the neo-doctrine of mean argues for the proposition that equality comes before difference and thus the ethics of “no hurting”, which is a basic moral values for individuals as well as an ideal of social justice.

(2)XixinthoughtsofConfucianismintheSongDynastyandtheMingDynasty

LUOGao-qiang·14·

In terms of human nature, Confucianism has long been known for its proposition that man is basically good but not for its ideas about evil. However, we found out that the thoughts aboutXixinof the Confucian scholars in the Song Dynasty and the Ming Dynasty were actually their ideas about evil. They stated thatXixinwas the root for moral erosion. There are three aspect toXixin: its origin; its definition and why it is evil; its expression and how to remove it.

(3)Valuepluralismandvaluerelativism

LIUXiao-zhou·22·

Leo Strauss stated that modern liberalism ended up in nihilism on the ground that it abandoned the idea of natural right and based itself on value relativism. However, the value relativism Strauss was referring to was Max Weber’s value polytheism but not the liberal version of value pluralism. The latter believes that there is a clear-cut boundary between good and evil though it might be hard to choose among many types of good. Value pluralism or pluralism of goodness is by no means relativism or nihilism but a recognition of plurality of values, which shows the respect for freedom and individuality and also the confidence of a nation of inclusiveness.

(4)Ceremonialriteswithoutbody:ritesphilosophyinthepre-Qinperiod

LIUFeng·31·

Among the propositions of “music without sound, ceremonial rites with body, and funeral without mourning clothes” in Confucius in LeisureTime, a chapter in theBookofRites, “ceremonial rites with body” is the most important one. Confucius in his later life opposed ceremonial rites. Advocates of rites were also disproved by most Confucian scholars. As a key link in the history of Confucianism rites philosophy, “Ceremonial rites with body” proposed by Zixia School in the Warring States Period exerted great influence on the subsequent eras.

(5)SinologicalresearchonthethreeaspectstogenderinLaoTzu:femalesupremacy,hermaphroditeorasexuality

ZHANGYan-yan·44·

Female supremacy and asexuality mistakenly perceive female or baby as the subject but not the image of body of Tao or saints inLaoTzu. Modern gender theory can find an echo in the social gender of saints inLaoTzu-hermaphrodite.

(6)Aresearchonthedeviationfromgoaloffarmers’fundcooperativefromtheperspectiveofsocialcapital

DONGXAIO-lin,SHIXiao-lei,XUHong·52·

According to Smith et al. (1981), farmers’ fund cooperative is committed to maximizing the benefits of its members. Therefore, any behavior inconsistent with this commitment is defined as goal deviation. This paper explores the possible reasons for goal deviation from the perspective of the limitations of social capital by analyzing the unbalanced panel data of 65 farmers’ fund cooperatives in Nanjing, Yangzhou, Lianyungang, Yancheng from 2007 to 2016. The results show that the growing size of membership and the increasingly complex membership structure offset the advantages of the given cooperatives in information and supervision and cause the principal-agent problems as well. Ultimately the deviation from the original management goal arises.

(7)In-kindfinancesubstitutemechanismforfailureofruralcreditmarket:acasestudyofJiangsuProvince

ZHANGLong-yao,XUYu-yun,ZHANGBing·60·

Naturally-developed market failure in the developing countries has been ascribed to monopoly, information asymmetry, high transaction cost and systematic risk prevalent in rural credit market. Governmental intervention doesn’t improve the financing environment in rural areas but causes “double failures” instead-market failure and government failure. This paper analyzes the possibility of spontaneous substitute mechanism for formal credit market failure. An empirical analysis of 427 farmer households in four cities of Jiangsu Province shows that the farmers who are restricted by formal credit market are more involved in trade credit market, which indicates that trade credit can be a substitute for bank credit. Compared with the formal credit sector, trade credit market enjoys the advantages in information acquisition, supervision and contract execution, thus attracts farmers who are not the target customers of banks. In addition, the embedded interest rate of trade credit is an indicator of the risks and the solvency of farmers; besides it is effectively determined by the market as is it falls under the influence of the interest rate of local banks. The results show that market will spontaneously form an effective substitute mechanism for the failure of rural credit market.

(8)Constructionofbusinessmodelevaluatingindicatorssystemandtheindicesfromtheperspectiveoffinancialmanagement

ZHUZhao-zhen,MAOXian-jun,ZHANGJia-ting·70·

There is overlap in the definitions and ultimate goals of business models and financial management. This paper first designs a business model evaluating indicator system from the perspective of financial management, then compiles the business model evaluation indices by means of mutation progression method and finally analyzes and verifies the indices. The indices are decomposed into profitability index, solvency index, development index and operation index. The results show that the 1,347 manufacturing listed companies developed ideally in the given period and that the profitability and solvency were relatively good but operation ability was disappointing. The business model evaluation index mean of the manufacturing listed companies and the mean of Tobin Q’ waving trajectories were almost the same. This shows that business model evaluation index can effectively evaluates business models.

(9)Aresource-seeking-basedstudyofChina’sdirectinvestmentinCentralAsia

LIFeng,ZHANGXiao-nan·81·

Along with the fierce global competition for oil and gas resources, the gap between economic growth and resource demand in China is getting even larger and the effect of resource-based OFDI is spreading. Based on the data of China’s direct investment in Central Asia from 2006 to 2014, this paper studies the motives of these investments by means of the gravitational model and analyzes the causes and effects of the motives. The results show that China’s direct investment is characterized by the strong resource-seeking motives. The size of Central Asian market has a positive impact on China’s direct investment while the impact of labor costs and bilateral trade is insignificant.

(10)MedicalInstitutionandProductLiability:InterpretationofArticle59,TortLawofthePeople’sRepublicofChina

TANGChao·87·

Article 59 of Tort Law, i.e. the legal basis of medical product liability, should be limited to the situation where personal injuries are caused by the combination of medical products and medical services. As regard to situations where medical institutions serve as producers or distributors who sell or otherwise distribute medical products, article 43 will applies. Article 59 constitutes an autonomous regulation independent of chapter Ⅴof Tort Law. Because medical institutions’ status in article 59 are analogous to that of sellers in article 43, so the loopholes in article 59 should be filled by analogy to related norms in chapter Ⅴ about sellers.

(11)AnanalysisoftheJuristicActsofRealRightsintheContractLawofHomesteadBargainingintheEarlyRepublicofChina

LIUHai-bo·96·

Contract Law of Homestead Bargaining in the Early Republic of China distinguishes the obligation contract from the contract of real rights. It takes the meaning itself as the principle of the real rights transfer though doesn’t require external forms. To some degree, it recognizes the independence and the no-cause character of juristic acts of real rights. Since the law was made under the influence of foreign laws at that point, it serves as a precursor for the Civil Law today.

(12)MechanismforConstitutionaloathanditsimprovement

WUHuan·102·

There was an abundance of Constitutional safeguards in ancient China. Among them, “the faith of swear” was the most distinctive one. Swearing was a special political norm in the Chinese traditional political philosophy in that politicians felt obliged to fulfill the promises they made. Its prevalence resulted not simply from the ignorance of the ancient Chinese, but from an unquestioning faith in the power of swearing. A study of swearing helps understand and improve the Constitutional oath in China today.

(13)ACFPS2012-basedstudyoffamilyageing,consumptionstructureandconsumptionstratification

LINXiao-shan·112·

Stratification and inequality of family consumption ensue from the rapidly increasing family ageing. An analysis of the data from the 2012 China Family Panel Studies (CFPS2012) shows that family structure and consumption structure are significantly correlated. The consumption level of aged families is the lowest among all types of families, especially in terms of consumption for development and enjoyment. The more aged a family is, the stronger the effect of consumption inequality is. There are two aspects to this: the more over-60s a family has, the faster its consumption level decreases; the higher the family consumption level is, the stronger influence it has on the family consumption stratification and inequality.

(14)Economicglobalization,labordisputesandsocialwelfarespending

LIXue·122·

Most research indicates that economic globalization reduces social welfare spending in the developing world. This is inconsistent with the increase of welfare spending in China in the past two decades. Focusing on the city-level panel data spanning from 2000 to 2014 in the Yangtze River Delta, this research explores whether and how the global and domestic factors shape the size of welfare spending in this region. It finds out that both trade and FDI reduce the social spending in health, education and social security while the labor disputes increase the size of social spending, which indicates that the labor disputes can minimize and even offset the negative effect of economic globalization.

(15)Scienceandmetaphor:introductionofwesternarttheoriesintoChina

XIONGHai-yang·133·

The modern Chinese art theories develop under the strong influence of the western art theories. However, there has been a gap between the western and the Chinese experiences. To narrow the gap, Chinese scholars come up with the two methods of science and metaphor, both of which explore the possibility of intervention of theories into social life. The shared goal of the two interventions is to improve morals and realize rationality.

(16)Artontologyofneo-ConfucianismintheSongDynasty

YANGWan-li·139·

The neo-Confucianism in the Song Dynasty stressed Dao while disregarded Wen but later emphasized the unity of the two. The Confucianism philosophers in the Southern Song Dynasty criticized the radical view that literary writing prevents the spread of the Dao of Confucianism, which can be considered a restoration of Confucius’ view of “a mastery of the six arts”. Different from Confucius, these scholars proposed various art forms of writings, calligraphy, paintings,Guqin, and Go. To explore their art ontology, we need to study their views on these art forms in an effort to trace the history of their ideas.