南昌中航城

2018-01-29 01:51一宇设计上海

风景园林 2017年12期

关键词：洪都林间一棵树

一宇设计(上海)

1 全区平面图Master plan

2 游戏场剖面图Playground section

3 天之桥剖面图Bridge section

什么是厂区再造之于洪都？

什么是旧城改造之于南昌？

是一种对过去的纪念与传承。

是一种对新的生活的想象与憧憬。

4 航拍图Aerial view

飞翔记忆的重生

南昌洪都作为飞机制造产业重镇，过去的洪都人带着飞翔的使命，制造了无数翱翔天空的飞行器械。本项目作为洪都老城区城市更新计划的起点，为了保存老城区珍贵的历史意义，设计保留了场地的重要工业与自然遗迹。并通过设计的手法，将旧厂房变身为未来小区的文创中心，让历史建筑重生，让飞翔的记忆延续。

天之桥，云之谷

前广场的设计，强化了飞机工厂的意象，利用折纸飞机的“折”的手法，创造出一个彷佛沿着虚线翻折般的特色广场。“折”的概念也延伸至座椅的设计，结合人体工学及视线设计，设计出可以仰望天空、或坐或躺的雕塑长椅。此外，广场上的喷泉也模拟飞机飞翔时喷射出的烟雾制成，形成充满互动性的活跃氛围。

受到航空史的启发，环抱整个园区的“林之道”，进一步结合保留的工业廊架，向上爬升成为园区的另一亮点—“天之桥”，提供俯瞰园区最佳的眺望平台。而俯视园区的中心，是为场地量身打造的“云之谷”，利用高低起伏的地形和模仿云朵的水雾，成为每个孩子最喜爱的在云间嬉戏玩耍的游戏场。

老树的回忆，听风的歌

除了保留厂房之外，场地内也保留了原有的林带。因为每一棵树都见证了洪都的历史，是伴随洪都人成长的记忆，是呵护滋养这片土地的守护神。设计用一种呵护的心情，去看待场地的每一棵树，以“不破坏一棵树”为原则，顺势绕过每一棵树的手法来进行规划。其中入口区的参天松林区经过保留梳理后，变身成小区集会和各种活动舞台的“松之台”；而穿梭在后侧林间的“林之道”，则成为林间漫步、享受午后清风与光影之美的最佳散步道。

5 “云之谷”Valley of clouds

6 雾之谷中的趣味乐园Dreamy experiences in the valley of cloud

居于林，隐于野

“林之道”除了有散步道的功能，还连接至3座隐没于林间的住宅。住宅以人造介入最小化、最大表现自然之美为设计理念。房屋首先根据树林调整形态，巧妙地置入于林间，有的美丽的枝干恰恰伸过窗边，有的入口刚好有结实累累的橘子树散发香气。让生活融于自然，自然隐于生活。另外，建筑表面也利用镜面钢板的材质，让建筑变成森林，隐没于绿色世界之中。

永续园区

除了保护历史、活化园区，如何让场地长久地传承、在环境及精神上永续，是另一个重要的工作。设计利用了生态景观的手法，在园区内部以及人行道处设置了生态雨水花园，解决暴雨时洪涝问题及减少维护的成本，让园区成为自体生态循环的生态景观。另外，于园区设置植物认知、普及生态知识的儿童指示牌，让孩子在成长的过程中潜移默化地爱护自然、了解自然，进而保护自然。洪都的这片土地，透过这样人与自然、历史与未来相互共生、尊重、保护的永续性发展，来创造下个世代的洪都新城，永续开发。

（编辑/陈雨茜）

7 松之台Stage of trees

8 林中的松之台成为居民舒适的休憩空间The stage of trees becomes the breezy open space for the neighborhood

9 孩童穿梭在云雾中的松之台A child running through the stage of trees

10 夜晚的松之台Night view at the stage of trees

业主：中航里城

区位：江西省南昌市

面积：24 500m2

完成时间：2016年9月

摄影：Alex de Dios，Kano Eiichi，张华宏

设计团队：林逸峰，吴孛贝，Alex de Dios，王裕中，黄婉贞

协作艺术家：Francesco Camillo Giorgino

撰文：林逸峰

What is old factory adaptive reuse to Hongdu?

What is urban renewal to Nanchang?

It is a memorial and reflection of our heritage.

It is an imaginative attitude towards a life full of new possibilities.

The Memory of Flying

Home to China’s aviation manufacturing industry, Hongdu once held the important mission of creating countless aircrafts to fulfill men’s dream to fly.As the first part of the old town to be redeveloped, this project transforms an old aircraft factory into a creative center for the community.In doing so, it aims to preserve a piece of architectural history and revive from memory its rich past.

A Bridge in the Sky, A Valley of Clouds

The front plaza utilizes the language of folded paper plane to capture the spirit of flying.The sculptural benches in the plaza also take on the folding plane language so that ergonomically they allow one to sit or lie down to gaze into the sky.The interactive fountain in the plaza also mimics the trails of white mist behind jet aircrafts, bringing the plaza to life with energy and speed.

Continuing to be inspired by its aviation history, an existing infrastructural bridge is integrated into the meandering path as the bridge in the sky.Hovering above, the bridge has the best vantage point in the park.From there, one discovers a playground in the valley, distinguished by colorful topographical contours.Integrated water vapor mimicking clouds drift lightly over the grounds, creating a dreamy and magical world for children.

Memories of Ancient Trees, Melodies of the Wind

Besides retaining the original factory structure,the project also preserved the existing natural surrounding as much as possible, because every tree is a witness to Hongdu’s history, an important memory-keeper, as well as the guardian of this land.With this respectful attitude in mind, the design kept every single tree by meandering paths around each.The wooded area at the park entry becomes the “Stage of Trees” where the community can come together for a variety of social activities.Accompanied by soft whistles of the wind, foot paths weave through the park under the shadows of the trees, becoming the perfect place for an afternoon walk.

11 “天之桥”“The bridge of the sky”

12 孩童们探索趣味发光家具Children explore their imagination in the growing bench

Living in the Woods, Hiding in the Wild

The winding paths connect three houses hidden within the forest.These houses are designed such that they reveal the scale and beauty of nature.These houses are carefully composed inside the woods to respect the locations of existing trees; some have branches that lightly reach in front of their windows;some have entrances that enjoy the fragrance of orange blossoms.Building skins of mirrored stainless steel completely camouflage them in the natural realm.Thus, the built is integrated into nature, merging the landscape completely with our lives.

Timeless Habitats

Beyond preserving history, activating the park,and continuing the local heritage, ensuring a sustainable habitat is also an important task.Bioswales, rain gardens, and stormwater treatments are integrated into the design of the park such that it is self-sustaining.In addition, educational signage plates with plant knowledge are placed throughout to help children understand nature early on, and learn to nurture and protect our environment.The intimate interaction between human and nature, history and future, along with a mutual respect towards one another and a protective understanding for sustainable development are the very ideologies that are embodied in the spirit of Hongdu Airport Park, which seeks to transform Nanchang into an everlasting and timeless habitat.