类固体酸催化剂研究进展

廖 洋, 赵仕林

(1. 四川师范大学 化学与材料科学学院, 四川 成都 610066; 2. 四川省高校农田生态服务能力建设工程中心, 四川 成都 610066)

廖 洋1,2, 赵仕林1,2

(1. 四川师范大学 化学与材料科学学院, 四川 成都 610066; 2. 四川省高校农田生态服务能力建设工程中心, 四川 成都 610066)

固体酸； 制备方法； 改性； 催化性能

1.5模板法

综上所述，从提高比表面积的凝胶-溶胶法、到制备粒度较小甚至纳米级别的水热合成法和低温陈化法，再到构建介孔结构的模板制备法，这些制备方法各有其优缺点，总的来说为了提高固体酸的比表面积，增加活性点位，提高其催化活性.同时，不同制备方法中具体的合成条件也会影响其催化剂最终生成的结构，会对酸强度的大小和酸活性点位的分布产生影响，进而影响到催化剂的催化活性.

2.1引入稀土元素少量稀土元素的加入可以改变催化剂表面的化学状态，有助于形成稳定晶型结构，提高催化剂载体的机械强度和热稳定性，改善催化剂的活性和寿命.以稀土掺二氧化钛[53]为例，少量的稀土掺杂可以造成金属表面晶体缺陷，使得二氧化钛金属表面产生更多催化性能的空穴.但过量时，二氧化钛的催化能力下降,因为掺杂的量对金属表面的空间电荷层厚度起到了相反的作用.只有当空间电荷层厚度近似入射光进入固体的透入深度时，金属吸收光子产生的电子-空穴才能分离.

3 结论

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LIAO Yang1,2, ZHAO Shilin1,2

(1.CollegeofChemistryandMaterialsScience,SichuanNormalUniversity,Chengdu610066,Sichuan; 2.EngineeringCenterfortheDevelopmentofFarmlandEcosystemServiceFunction,SichuanNormalUniversity,Chengdu610066,Sichuan)

solid acid; preparation; modification; catalytic properties

2016-07-08

国家自然科学基金(21406147和41641010)、四川省科技支撑项目(2016NZ0053)和成都市科技项目(2014-HM01-00204-SF)

廖 洋(1979—),副教授,主要从事环境材料与污染治理的研究,E-mail:liaoyang_sicnu@163.com

Q949O643.3

A

1001-8395(2017)05-0577-08

10.3969/j.issn.1001-8395.2017.05.002

(编辑 周 俊)