动词短语考点全接触

潘守宝++李瑞清

动词短语是历年中考英语命题的重点和热点，为中考必考项目。它考查的内容和范围都非常广泛，主要涉及系动词be与形容词搭配的短语、动词与介词或副词搭配的形式等。现将动词短语在中考中呈现的考查形式总结如下，并辅之以练习，以供参加2016年中考的同学们借鉴。

一、系动词be与形容词搭配的短语

【考点分析】系动词be与形容词搭配的短语比较多，意义各不相同。主要有：be afraid of（害怕……）；be angry with sb.（生某人的气）；be amazed at（对……感到惊讶）；be busy with（忙于某事）.be bad for（对……有害）；be covered with（被……覆盖着）.be different from（与……不同）；be famous for（因……而著名）；be full of/be filled with（装满……）；be good at（擅长）；be good for（对……有益）；be interested in（对……感兴趣）；be known for（因……而出名）.be known as（作为……而出名）；be mad at sb.（对某人愤怒）；be made of/from（由……制成）；be patient with（对……有耐心）；be pleased with（对……感到满意）；be proud of（以……而自豪）；be ready for（为……做准备）；be similar to（与……相似）；be strict with（对……严格要求）.be thirsty for（对……渴求）；be used for（用来做……）；be used to（习惯于……）；be worried about（担心……）。如：

1. Daming is interested in collecting stamps and playing the piano.大明对集邮和弹钢琴感兴趣。

2. Beijing is famous for its long history.北京因其悠久的历史而闻名。

3.His mother has been ill for several days，so he is very worried about her.他母亲生病好几天了，因此他非常担心她。

【真题再现】1.（2014年山西卷）-Mum，I did best in our group discussion today.

-Well done！I____you.

A.am mad at

B.am patient with

C.am proud of

【解析】本题考查“be+形容词+介词”短语辨析。根据上文出现“I did best”和“Well done.”可知，这里指“我为你感到自豪”，因此答案C正确。

2.（2015年襄阳卷）-What do you know about Xiangyang？

-It's____its state level scenic spot（景点）-Gulongzhong.

A.famous as

B.different from

C.similar to

D.known for

【解析】本题考查“be+形容词+介词”短语辨析。结合句意可知，“襄阳因其国家级风景名胜——古隆中而出名”，故D项符合题意。

二、与介词with相关的动词短语

【考点分析】与介词with相关的动词短语有：agree with（同意）；argue with（跟……吵架）；catch up with（赶上、追上）；come up with（提出）；deal with（处理、处置）；get on/along…with（与……相处……）；help sb.with sth.（帮助某人做某事）；keep in touch with（与……保持联系）；keep up with（跟上）；make friends with（跟……交朋友）；play with（与……玩耍）；provide sb.with sth.（为某人提供某物）；quarrel with（与……争吵）；talk with（跟……交谈）。如：

1.If you keep on studying hard，you'll catch up with others.如果你不断努力学习，你将会赶上其他人。

2.-Many students don't know how to deal with stress and become worried.许多学生不知道如何处理压力并因此变得焦虑。

-I think they'd better ask their teachers for help.我认为他们最好向老师寻求帮助。

3.Can you provide the poor children in the countryside with clothes and food？你们能为农村贫穷的孩子们提供衣物和食物吗？

【真题再现】1.（2014年广东卷）-I will miss my family when I go abroad for further studythis autumn.

-Don't worry. You can____them by e—mail.

A.come up with

B.get along with

C.make friends with

D.keep in touch with

【解析】come up with意为“提出，想出”；get along with意为“与一….相处”；make friends with意为“与……交朋友”；keep in touch with意为“与……保持联系”。依据句意“你可以通过电子邮件与他们保持联系”，故选项D正确。

2.（2015年河南卷）Jane is very busy these days，for she has a lot of problems to____.

A.deal with

B.keep up with

C.agree with

D.come up with

【解析】本题考查与with相关的短语。deal with意为“处理、处置”；keep up with意为“跟上”；agree with意为“同意”；come up with意为“提出、想出”。结合本题语境可知，她有许多问题要“处理”，因此只有A项符合句意。

三、与副词off相关的动词短语

【考点分析】与副词off相关的动词短语有：break off（突然中止、中断）；get off（下车）；give off（发出）；go off（发出响声）；keep off（避开、不接触）；knock off（碰掉、撞掉）；put off（推迟、拖延）；run off（跑掉、迅速离开）；set off（起程、出发）；show off（炫耀）；take off（起飞，脱下）；turn off（关掉、关上）。如：

1.It's very necessary for us to turn off the lights in time when we leave the room.当我们离开房间时，及时关灯是非常有必要的。

2.Because of the heavy rain，they had to put off the sports meeting.由于下大雨，他们不得不推迟运动会。

3.I'm not sure when the plane will take off and when it will land.我不确定飞机起飞和降落的时间。

【真题再现】1.（2014年宁波卷）As the road to the airport is under repair，we will have to____ early to get there in time.

A.turn off

B.take off

C.put off

D.set off

【解析】句意为：由于通往机场的道路正在维修中，我们将不得不早点儿出发以便及时到达那里。turn off意为“关掉”；take off意为“起飞，脱下”；put off意为“推迟”；set off意为“出发”。根据句意选D。

2.（2014年河南卷）This bus doesn't go to the train station.I'm afraid you'll have to____at the library and take the A52.

A.take off

B.put off

C.get off

D.turn off

【解析】本题考查与副词off相关的短语辨析。句意为：这辆公共汽车不去火车站，我恐怕你们将不得不在图书馆下车，并转乘A52路车。因此C项正确。

四、与副词out相关的动词短语

【考点分析】与副词out相关的动词短语：break out（爆发）；call out（大声呼喊、叫喊）；carry out（搬出，实施）；clean out（清除、打扫干净）；come out（出版、发表）；find out（找出、查明）；get out（离开、出去）；give out（发放，宣布，耗尽）；hand out（分发、发放）；keep out（挡住、留在外面）；look out（小心、当心）；put out（熄灭、扑灭，伸出）；run out（用完、用尽）；sell out（卖完、售光）；take out（取出）；watch out（注意、留神）；work out（解答、计算、解决）。如：

1.-Will Mo Yan's new novel come out this September？莫言的新小说将在今年九月出版吗？

-Yes，we are all looking forward to it.是的，我们都在期待着。

2.The famous scientist knew how to work out the difficult problem.这位著名的科学家知道如何解决这个难题。

3.Her classmate asked her to clean the old books out.她的同学要求她把旧书清理掉。

【真题再现】1.（2015年泰州卷）The energy from the sun and wind is very cheap and it will never____

A.come out

B.put out

C.carry out

D.run out

【解析】本题考查动词短语辨析。come out意为“出版、发表”；put out意为“扑灭”；carry out意为“搬出，实施”；run out意为“用完”。结合题意，答案应选D。

2.（2015年哈尔滨卷）Our government has tried many ways to____the smog（雾霾）prob-lem.Maybe we'Il have a clear sky in the near fu-ture.

A.put away

B.work out

C.come up

【解析】本题考查动词短语辨析。put away意为“把……收起来”；work out意为“解决”；come up意为“发生”。结合语境可知，我们的政府已经尝试了许多方式来“解决”雾霾问题，故选项B符合题意。

五、与副词up相关的动词短语

【考点分析】与副词up相关的动词短语有：build up（增强）；cheer up（使振奋、使高兴起来）；clean up（打扫干净、收拾整齐）；come up（开始，发生）；dress up（穿上盛装、乔装打扮）；fix up（修理、修补，安排）；give up（放弃）；grow up（成长、长大）；hurry up（赶快）；light up（点燃、照亮，使容光焕发）；listen up（注意听）；look up（抬头；查阅、查找）；make up（编造、组成、构成）；mix up（混合、混淆）；pick up（拾起、捡起，开车接某人）；put up（张贴，搭建）；send up（发射、发出）；set up（创立、开办）；stay up（熬夜）；stand up（站起来）；turn up（开大、调高，出现）；take up（从事，占据，拿起来）；think up（想出）；tidy up（收拾）；use up（用完、用光、耗尽）；wake up（叫醒、唤醒）。如：

1.Smoking is bad for your health.You'd better give up smoking.吸烟有害健康，你最好戒烟。

2.The workers in the Huangshan Mountains have to pick up rubbish to keep the mountains clean.为了保持山体的卫生，黄山的工作人员不得不捡拾垃圾。

3.At school we take exercise for an hour every day to build ourselves up.为了增强体质，我们每天在学校锻炼一小时。

【真题再现】1.（2015年天津卷）Bob is tak-ing the desks away because they____too much room.

A.stand up

B.pick up

C.take up

D.listen up

【解析】本题考查与up搭配的短语辨析。stand up意为“站起来”；pick up意为“拾起、捡起”；take up意为“占用”；listen up意为“注意听”。句意为：Bob正把那些桌子搬走，因为它们占用了太多空间。因此答案选C。

2.（2015年安徽卷）We planned to meet at 10：30 at the station last Sunday，but Bob didn't____until 12：00.

A.turn up

B.give up

C.stay up

D.grow up

【解析】turn up意为“出现”；give up意为“放弃”；stay up意为“熬夜”；grow up意为“成长、长大”。根据句意，答案选A。

六、与动词get相关的短语

【考点分析】与get相关的短语有：get on/along well with（与……相处得好）；get away（离开）；get back（取回、返回）；get down（下来、落下）；get into（进入）；get off（下车）；get on（上车）；get over（克服）；get to（到达）；get up（起床）。如：

1.After a lot of training，Lin Dan got over many difficulties，and he is at the top of this game now.大量训练之后，林丹克服了很多困难，现在他是这项运动最好的选手。

2.Yesterday afternoon the swimming team got to Kazan.昨天下午游泳队抵达喀山。

3.How do you get along with your elder brother？你和你哥哥相处得怎么样？

【真题再现】1.（2014年兰州卷）Good man-ners can make people____each other.

A.get on well with

B.get off

C.get over

D.get away

【解析】本题考查get短语。get on well with意为“与某人相处融洽”；get off意为“下车”；get over意为“克服”；get away意为“离开”。句意为：礼貌待人能使人们和睦相处。因此答案为A。

2.（2015年淮安卷）Steven，go to bed now.You should____before six tomorrow，or you will miss the plane.

A.get off

B.get up

C.get on

D.get along

【解析】句意为：Steven，现在上床睡觉。你明天要在六点前起床，否则你将赶不上飞机。get off意为“下车”；get up意为“起床”；get on意为“上车”；get along意为“相处”。因此答案选B。

七、与动词look相关的短语

【考点分析】与look相关的短语有：look at（看）；look after（照顾、照料）；look for（寻找）；look forward to（盼望）；look out（注意、小心）；look through（浏览）；look up（仰视，查阅）。如：

1.Can you look after my brother very well when I'm away？当我不在家时，你能照顾好我的弟弟吗？

2.I'm looking forward to visiting the Great Wall one day.我正盼望着将来某一天参观长城。

3.Every morning after Mr. Zhang gets up，he usually looks through the newspapers.每天早晨起床后，张先生通常先浏览报纸。

【真题再现】1.（2015年永州卷）We should learn to____ourselves in life.

A.look at

B.look for

C.look after

【解析】本题考查look短语。look at意为“看”；look for意为“寻找”；look after意为“照顾、照料”。依照题意，应填look after，故答案选C。

2.（2015年山西卷）In our daily life，we must learn to____ourselves well at any time.It's as important as studying.

A.deal with

B.worry about

C.look after

【解析】本题答案为C。

八、与动词put相关的短语

【考点分析】与动词put相关的短语有：putaway（把……收起来）；put in（安装）；put on（穿上、戴上，上演，增加体重）；put out（伸出，熄灭）；put down（放下；写下、记下）；put up（举起，张贴、悬挂）；put off（推迟、拖延）；put into（放进）；put through（完成）。如：

1.They had to put off the 800-meter race be-cause of the bad weather.由于天气不好，他们不得不推迟了800米跑的比赛。

2.It's very cold outside.Jack，you'd better put on your coat.外面太冷了。杰克，你最好穿上你的外套。

3.-How can we make people know the latest movie？我们如何能让人们知道这部最新的电影？

-We should put up some posters.我们应该张贴一些宣传海报。

【真题再现】1.（2015年兰州卷）He ate a lot and did little exercise，so he____10 pounds.

A.put on

B.put away

C.put out

D.put off

【解析】本题考查put短语。结合题干中的“他吃得很多，几乎不锻炼”可推断，他的体重增加了10磅。put on意为“增加体重、发胖”，符合题意，因此答案为A。

2.（2015年青岛卷）They heard the party was____because of the exam.

A.put on

B.put up

C.put off

D.put down

【解析】本题考查put动词短语的辨析。put on意为“穿上”；put up意为“张贴，举起”；put off意为“推迟”；put down意为“放下，记下”。由句中的because of the exam可知，聚会被推迟了。故C项符合题意。

九、与动词take相关的短语

【考点分析】与动词take相关的短语有：take after（遗传）；take away（拿走）；take off（起飞，脱下）；take out（拿出、取出）；take care of（照顾、照料）；take part in（参加，通常指参加某一项具体活动）；take down（取下）；take a look（看一看）；take photos（拍照、照相）；take place（发生）；take up（从事，占据，拿起）；take around（带领某人参观）；take exercise（做运动）；take medicine（吃药）。如：

1.Mary takes after her mother.They both look the same.玛丽长得很像她母亲。她们俩看上去一模一样。

2.The boy would like to take part in the Eng-lish competition.这个男孩想要参加英语比赛。

3.-Look at the sun！It's too hot today.看看太阳！今天太热了。

-Yes.Why not take off your sweater？是的。为什么不脱掉你的毛衣？

【真题再现】1.（2014年临沂卷）When you are swimming，____your ears. You can use ear-plugs（耳塞）to stop water getting mto your ears.

A.take after

B.take part in

C.take off

D.take care of

【解析】本题考查take短语。句意为：当你游泳的时候，要保护好你的耳朵。你可以用耳塞来防止水进入耳朵。take after“遗传”；take part in“参加”；take off“起飞，脱下”；take care of“照顾”。由句意可知选D。

2.（2015年株洲卷）I____my father's wet shoes and washed his feet.

A.took out

B.took off

C.took place

【解析】take out意为“拿出”；take off意为“起飞，脱下”；take place意为“发生”。句意为：我脱下我父亲的湿鞋子并且为他洗脚。因此B项正确。

十、与动词turn相关的短语

【考点分析】与turn相关的短语有：turn on（打开）；turn off（关上、关掉）；turn down（关小、调低）；turn up（调高、调大）；turn into（变成、使成为）；turn out（被证实、结果是）。如：

1.It's time for the weather report.Could I turn on the TV，Dad？天气预报的时间到了。爸爸，我可以打开电视吗？

2.Please turn off the radio.It's much too noisy.请关上收音机。太吵了。

【真题再现】1.（2015年汕尾卷）I can't see anything in the room.Please help me____the lights.

A.turn on

B.turn up

C.turn down

D.turn off

【解析】本题考查turn短语。结合上一句“我看不到房间里的任何东西”可推断，这里指“请帮我开灯”，故turn on符合句意，答案为A。

2.（2015年苏州卷）-Do you know our new manager？

-Yes.He——to be a friend of my broth-er.

A.turns up

B.turns on

C.turns out

D.turns off

【解析】此题考查turn短语。turn up意为“调高”；turn on意为“打开”；turn out意为“被证实、结果是”；turn off意为“关上、关闭”。根据句意“他竟然是我哥哥的一个朋友”可知，turn out符合题意，故正确答案为C。

专项训练：

从每小题所给的选项中，选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。

1.-What does your teacher think of yourschool report this term？

-The smile on her face shows she____what I did in my study.

A.is sorry for

B.is worried about

C.is pleased with

D.is angry with

2.（2015年山西卷） As a teacher，I love be-ing with my students.You can't imagine how much they____knowledge！

A.are thirsty for

B.are famous for

C.are good for

3.Mr.Smith has no ideas of his own，so he always____his friends about everything.

A.talks with

B.plays with

C.argues with

D.agrees with

4.（2015年临沂卷）A father in the UK has____a wonderful idea to send his kids to school on time.He takes his sons to their school in a white tank（坦克）.

A.looked up to

B.made up

C.come up with

D.shown up

5.（2015年南充卷）This hotel____us____a large house.

A.provides；for

B.offers；to

C.provides；with

D.offers；with

6.Unless you____the lights in the room，you'll waste some energy.

A.get off

B.put off

C.turn off

D.break off

7.（2014京卷）-Yesterday Tommy walked past my table and____my bowls and dishes.

-He should be careful next time.

A.knocked off

B.took off

C.showed off

D.turned off

8.-Sam，could you please help me____some information about 2022 Winter Olympic Games？

-Sorry，there's something wrong with my computer.

A.take out

B.find out

C.look out

D.come out

9. （2015年常州卷）Life is a journey with trouble，but with care and wisdom you can____any problem you face.

A.work out

B.hand out

C.find out

D.put out

10.（2015年宜昌卷）-The organization Wild Aid is____to protect wild animals.

-lt has done a lot so far.

A.cheered up

B.picked up

C.taken up

D.set up

11.（2015年陕西卷）-Look！What's on theground？

-Oh，it's my sweater.Please____

A.pick it up

B.put it on

C.give it out

D.take it off

12.（2015年黄冈卷）-What should we do for the disabled children in the Children's Home？

-You're supposed to____a study group to help them.

A.take up

B.fix up

C.set up

D.stay up

13.（2015年内江卷）She realized she was wrong and____the argument.

A.cheered up

B.put up

C.took up

D.gave up

14.（2015年安顺卷）-What's wrong with you，Eric？You look tired.

-I____to prepare for the final exam last night.

A.picked up

B.woke up

C.put up

D.stayed up

15.（2015年遵义卷）-What do you want to do in the future，Allen？

-I want to____a Hope School to help stu-dents who are unable to go to school.

A.set out

B.set off

C.set up

16.（2015年荆州卷）-Tom， what's wrong with you？You look tired.

-Oh，I____late to watch a football game last night.I slept for only two hours.

A.gave up

B.looked up

C.set up

D.stayed up

17.（2015年随州卷）As we know，many suc-cessful people never____no matter what diffi-culties they've had.

A.stay up

B.cheer up

C.take up

D.give up

18.We should learn how to____well with people around us.

A.get away

B.get along

C.get over

D.get to

19.-Susan，would you please____my younger sister when I am on business？

-No problem.

A.look for

B.look up

C.look after

D.look at

20.（2015年天津卷）Yunnan is beautiful and I'm____visiting it again.

A.keeping clear of

B.suffering from

C.looking forward to

D.running away from

21.（2015年福州卷）-What did you do on Earth Day this year？

-We____a show to spread the message about protecting the environment.

A.put on

B.put up

C.put away

22.（2015年杭州卷）I really need to take more exercise because I'm____weight.

A.putting off

B.putting on

C.putting down

D.putting away

23.（2015年扬州卷）-Where is your fa-ther，Helen？

-He is trying to____a new shower in the bathroom.

A.put out

B.put in

C.put through

D.put down

24.-Mary，your bedroom is in a mess.

-Sorry，Mum.I'll____my things at once.

A.put up

B.put on

C.put away

D.put out

25.（2015年泰安卷）The exam is over and the results will be____on Friday afternoon.

A.put down

B.put off

C.put up

D.put away

26.（2015年武汉卷）-Jason，would you please____this notice？

-With pleasure.

A.put on

B.put off

C.put up

D.put out

27.（2015年恩施卷）-Kris，don't throw your books everywhere.

-Sorry，mum.I'll____them____.

A.put；away

B.put；on

C.put；out

28.-Bob，can you help your mother____the trash？

-Of course，Dad.

A.take off

B.take out

C.take after

D.take pan in

29.（2015年襄阳卷）-Could you____the computer for me，dear？I want to check my e-mail.

-Certainly，I'll do it right away.

A.turn on

B.turn down

C.turn off

D.turn up

30.My baby is sleeping now.Will you please____the radio a bit？

A.turn on

B.turn off

C.turn down

D.turn up

Key：

1-5 CADCC

6-10 CABAD

11-15 ACDDC

16-20 DDBCC

21-25 ABBCC

26-30 CABAC