热线答疑

2016-02-03 22:29
新东方英语·中学版 2016年2期
关键词:晚饭时间新思维指代

张满胜,英国剑桥大学英语硕士,新东方学校“新思维语法”培训创始人,著有《英语语法新思维》系列图书,对英语语法有深入的研究,突破传统语法教学,提出了“语法即思维”的全新语法理念,揭开了英语思维的深层秘密。他对中国学生英语学习的症结和困惑有深刻的了解,力争改变中国学生“学习多年英语,最终还是不会说、不会写、听不懂”的尴尬局面。欢迎大家来信咨询与英语学习相关的问题,请在信封右下角或邮件主题栏注明“热线答疑”。

下面这道题为什么选D,而不是C呢?您可以解释一下吗?

______ a certain doubt among the people as to the practical value of the project.

A. It has B. They have

C. It remains D. There remains

正确答案应该是D,填入后说成:There remains a certain doubt among the people as to the practical value of the project.实际上,这是一个there be句型,相当于:There is a certain doubt among the people as to the practical value of the project.如果填入C选项的It remains,那么it指代不明,无法作为形式主语来指代下文的介词短语as to the practical value of the project。

张老师您好,下面这道题的答案是A,第一个空选to我可以理解,但是第二个空为什么选with呢,不是be late for sth.吗?

—You went late _______ the stadium yesterday evening, didn't you?

—Yes, my wife was a little late _______ the supper.

A. to; with B. for; with

C. for; for D. at; for

首先,A选项正确,填入后说成:

—You went late to the stadium yesterday evening, didn't you? (昨晚你们到体育场晚了,对吧?)

—Yes, my wife was a little late with the supper. (是的,我妻子晚饭做得/吃得有点晚。)

第一句话中的late是副词,作状语,修饰动词went;第二句话中的late是形容词,修饰名词the supper。形容词late后边可以接介词for或with,但意思不同。具体来说,英文中be late for sth.表示“做某事迟到了,晚到了(arrive late)”,而be late with sth.表示“自己本来该做的事做晚了(be late in doing sth.)”,请比较:

a. My wife was late for the supper.

b. My wife was late with the supper.

这两句话的意思是不同的。具体来说,a句是说“我”妻子吃晚饭迟到了。比如大家晚上聚会,晚饭时间定在晚上7点钟,结果“我”妻子8点才到场,让别人久等了。而b句则是说在正常的吃晚饭时间她没有做/吃饭,而是把时间延后了。比如“我”们家一般7点吃晚饭,但“我”妻子那天晚上8点才做/吃晚饭。

我们来看更多的例句:

He was ten minutes late for school. (他那天上学迟到了十分钟。)

You are always late with the rent. (你每次房租总是晚交。)

You're rather late with your apologies. (你这道歉已经晚了。)

值得注意的是,我们可以用其他方式来表达be late with的含义,请比较:

He was late with his payment. (他付款晚了。)

= He made a late payment.

= He was late (in) paying.

所以,上面的b句可以改为:

My wife had a late supper./My wife was late in having supper.

我们再回到上面这道题中的两个句子,显然背后的逻辑关系是:因为我们吃晚饭的时间比正常时间要晚,所以我们到体育场的时间晚了。(We were late for the stadium because my wife was a little late with the supper.)

简言之,be late for是“迟到”,而be late with是“迟做”。

猜你喜欢
晚饭时间新思维指代
奥卡姆和布列丹对指代划分的比较
The Ways of Leading a Healthy Life
现代调解的新理念与新思维
基于深度学习的维吾尔语名词短语指代消解
洗碗的快乐
吃饭不专心易患糖尿病
光的反射教学新思维
自然语言中的指代技术的研究