真武汤合桃红四物汤对阳虚血瘀型慢性收缩性心力衰竭患者血浆BNP的影响
肖晓1,2,陈兆善1*
(1.上海中医药大学,上海 201203;2.上海交通大学医学院附属新华医院崇明分院,上海 201203)
摘要:目的观察真武汤合桃红四物汤对阳虚血瘀型慢性心力衰竭(CHF)患者血浆B型钠尿肽(BNP)水平的影响。方法80例阳虚血瘀型CHF患者入院后测定血浆BNP水平,后随机分为对照组40例,联合组40例,对照组西药常规治疗,联合组在西药常规治疗基础上服用真武汤合桃红四物汤,治疗8周后分别观察其疗效、左室射血分数变化及血浆BNP水平的变化。结果治疗前患者血浆BNP水平分别为:对照组(544.97±213.26)pg/mL,联合组(545.46±211.19)pg/mL,组间比较差异无统计学意义;治疗前患者左室射血分数分别为:对照组44.58%±5.66%,联合组43.38%±6.61%,组间比较差异无统计学意义;对照组、联合组心功能总有效率分别为76.92%、94.87%,联合组优于对照组(P<0.05);治疗后2组血浆BNP水平明显下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),组间比较差异亦有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后2组左室射血分数明显下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但组间比较无统计学意义。结论真武汤合桃红四物汤能改善阳虚血瘀型慢性收缩性心力衰竭患者症状、体征,增加左室射血分数,降低血浆BNP水平。
关键词:B型钠尿肽; 慢性心力衰竭; 阳虚血瘀 ;真武汤;桃红四物汤
DOI:10.13463/j.cnki.cczyy.2015.06.032
中图分类号:R256.22文献标志码:A
文章编号:2095-6258(2015)06-1186-03
基金项目:上海交通大学医学院附属新华医院崇明分院科研
作者简介:肖晓(1984-),女,硕士研究生,主要从事中医内科方向研究。
收稿日期:(2015-05-14)
*通信作者:陈兆善,男,医学博士,主任医师,电话-15618002017,电子信箱-tvgbftv044@163.com
Zhenwu Decoction and Taohongsiwu Decoction on yang deficiency and blood stasis of blood BNP in patients with chronic congestive heart failure
XIAO Xiao1,2,CHEN Zhaoshan*
(Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shanghai 201203,China;Xinhau Hospital Affiliated
to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Chongming branch,Shanghai 201203,China)
Abstract:ObjectiveTo observe effect of Zhenwu Decoction and Taohongsiwu Decoction on Yang deficiency and blood stasis of average BNP in patients with chronic congestive heart failure. MethodsThe 80 patients with yang deficiency and blood stasis type of heart failure were selected to test the average BNP, they were randomly divided into the study group and the control group with 40 cases in each. The control group was treated with routine western medicine, the study group was treated with Zhenwu Decoction and Taohongsiwu Decoction on the basis of the control group. The two groups took 8 weeks of continuous treatment. The patients’ informations, included curative effect, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), had been collected and observed before and after treatment. ResultsBefore the treatment, the average BNP of the control group was (544.97±213.26) pg/mL, the average BNP of the study group was (545.46±211.19) pg/mL. There was no difference of the average BNP level in the comparison between the two groups (P>0.05). Before the treatment, the LVEF of the control group was 44.58%±5.66%, the LVEF of the the study group was 43.38%±6.61%. There was no difference of the LVEF in the comparison between the two groups (P>0.05). The Cardiac function in total effective rate of the control group and the study group were 76.92%, 94.87%, the study group showed the better efficacy than the control group (P<0.05). This study showed that the average BNP of the two groups of patients decreased after treatment, with significant differences (P<0.01).On improving of the decreased level of BNP, the treatment group showed the better efficacy than the control group (P<0.05). This study showed that LVEF of the two groups of patients increased after treatment, with significant differences (P<0.05); But there was no difference of the increased level of LVEF in the comparison between the two groups . ConclusionZhenwu Decoction and Taohongsiwu Decoction can improve the clinical symptoms and signs of patients of chronic congestive heart failure with Yang deficiency and blood stasis,and can increase the LVEF,decrease the average BNP.
Keywords:brain natriuretic peptide; chronic congestive heart failure; yang deficiency blood stasis; Zhenwu Decoction; Taohongsiwu Decoction
慢性收缩性心功能衰竭是目前危害人类健康的主要疾病之一,也是多种疾病的终末阶段[1-4]。中医辨证以肾虚为本,血瘀为标,故临床多见阳虚血瘀型患者。在心衰的演变过程中,患者症状虽可出现缓解,但却无法逆转[5-7]。笔者通过观察真武汤合桃红四物汤对阳虚血瘀型慢性心力衰竭(CHF)患者血浆B型钠尿肽(BNP)水平的影响,旨在为慢性收缩性心力衰竭的中医治疗积累一定的经验,现将结果报道如下。
1资料与方法
1.1一般资料收集2013年8月—2015年3月在本院住院的阳虚血瘀型慢性收缩性心力衰竭患者80例,随机分为联合组和对照组。联合组40例,中止1例,实际观察病例为39例,男18例,女21例,年龄42~70岁,平均(60.4±7.5)岁;心功能Ⅱ级24例,Ⅲ级15例;病程2~25年,平均(9.4±5.5)年;冠心病(缺血性心脏病型)39例。对照组病例40例,脱落1例,实际观察病例为39例,男19例,女20例;年龄43~70岁,平均(61.9±6.1)岁;心功能Ⅱ级26例,心功能Ⅲ级13例;病程2~20年,平均(9.0±4.8)年;冠心病(缺血性心脏病型)39例。2组一般资料对比,差别无统计学意义(P>0.05),具有可比性。1.2诊断标准CHF依据Framingham诊断标准[8],心功能分级参照NYHA分级方法[9]。中医辨证分型标准参照中国中西医结合学会心血管学会制订的冠心病中医辨证标准[10]、《中医心病诊断疗效标准与用药规范》[11]和《中药新药临床研究指导原则》[12]标准制定。1.3纳入标准符合上述要求的患者,年龄在40~70岁,心功能分级属于Ⅱ、Ⅲ级者,病种原发病为缺血性心脏病(心绞痛属稳定者)所致的心衰;排除合并有重要脏器(如肝、肾、脑、肺等)严重疾病者,过敏体质,对多种药物过敏者,妊娠或哺乳期妇女,不能遵守医嘱,依从性差的患者。1.4治疗方法2组均予以吸氧,嘱低盐低脂饮食,需卧床休息;对照组使用常规治疗 (根据患者病情的需要可选用ACE抑制剂、β受体阻滞剂、利尿剂、洋地黄制剂);联合组在对照组治疗基础上加用真武汤合桃红四物汤。药物组成:附子6 g,茯苓12 g,白术12 g,白芍12 g,生姜9 g,桃仁9 g,红花9 g,赤芍15 g,川芎9 g,生地黄9 g,当归6 g,黄芪15 g,葶苈子9 g。每剂煎成200 mL,100 mL/次,2次/d口服。2周为1个疗程 ,共观察4个疗程。1.5观察指标观察治疗前后患者血浆BNP值,安静状态下经肘静脉取血2 mL按常规步骤进行测定。观察治疗前后患者左室射血分数变化及治疗前后症状、体征、心功能分级。入选患者均检测血、尿、便常规及肝肾功能等安全性指标检查。4个疗程后重复上述检查。1.6疗效标准参照《中药新药临床研究指导原则》(试行)[12]中的CHF疗效标准拟定。1.7统计学方法运用SPSS 13.0统计软件来进行数据的统计与分析。对于计数资料采用χ2进行统计分析;对于计量资料,采用秩和检验或t检验进行统计分析;等级资料采用秩和检验进行统计分析;P<0.05具有统计学意义。
2结果
2.12组NYHA心功能分级疗效比较见表1。
表1 2组NYHA心功能分级疗效比较( n=39) 例
注:与对照组比较,#P<0.05
2.22组治疗前后血浆BNP水平比较见表2。
表2 2组治疗后血浆BNP水平比较( ± s, n=39) pg/mL
表2 2组治疗后血浆BNP水平比较( ± s, n=39) pg/mL
组 别治疗前治疗后联合组545.46±211.1961.20±24.42##△对照组544.97±213.2678.74±31.15##
注:与治疗前比较,##P<0.01;与对照组比较,△P<0.05
2.32组治疗前后左室射血分数(LVEF)比较见表3。
表3 2组治疗前后左室射血分数(LVEF)比较( ± s, n=39)
表3 2组治疗前后左室射血分数(LVEF)比较( ± s, n=39)
组 别治疗前治疗后联合组44.38±6.6152.20±7.09#对照组44.58±5.6649.84±5.56#
注:与治疗前比较,#P<0.05
3讨论
近年来,BNP已逐渐被重视,其主要由心室肌细胞合成和分泌,并在脑、肺、心脏等重要器官中含量都较高,其中心脏的含量最高。室壁张力和心室负荷的改变是刺激BNP分泌的主要因素[13],心衰越重,血浆中的脑钠肽越高,是CHF诊断及预后的可靠指标[14]。本研究结果显示,真武汤合桃红四物汤对改善阳虚血瘀型慢性收缩性心力衰竭患者症状、体征,增加左室射血分数,并降低其血浆BNP水平具有一定的疗效。 慢性心力衰竭属中医“胸痹”“心悸”“心痹”等范畴。在《金匮要略·水气病脉证并治篇》载:“心水者,其身重而少气,不得卧。”提出了“心水”病名,董耀荣根据自己的临床经验总结出心衰和古代记载的“心水”病证相同[15]。《圣济总录·心脏门》首次提出“心衰”病名,“心衰则健忘”。目前对于CHF的病机多数医家认同以下观点:1)心脏本身的病变。2)其他脏器病变累及到心脏;日久导致心阴及心阳受损,无力鼓动血脉运行,致使心脉瘀阻,血流凝滞,聚而成痰、成水、成湿,痰、瘀、水、湿等病理变化又进一步损及心之阴阳,从而形成恶性循环。临证治疗阳虚血瘀型慢性心力衰竭患者予以补肾活血、化瘀利水法常收满意疗效[16-17]。
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