何镜堂工作室，广州，中国

建筑设计：华南理工大学建筑设计研究院何镜堂工作室

何镜堂工作室，广州，中国

建筑设计：华南理工大学建筑设计研究院何镜堂工作室

1 鸟瞰全景/Panoramic bird's eye view

何镜堂工作室是在一组旧建筑基础上修缮、改建而成的，这组旧建筑位于华南理工大学校内，原为老中山大学时期教授的居住区。在完整街块内，北面一列是6栋1930年代建成的单层坡顶别墅，南面一列是4栋1970年代末建成的两层双拼别墅。由于年久失修，这些建筑现已破败，更有部分坍塌成为危房。我们从2004年起至今，经过4次渐进式的更新改建，将这一破败的历史街块逐渐转变为一个独具岭南地域特色的、充满朝气活力的建筑师工作室，为校园创造了一个富有文化气息的创新基地，为社区创造了一个自然、人性化的公共活动场所。

多年来，我们的创作道路是从地域中找依据，挖掘创新点，从文化的层面去提炼和升华，并与现代的科技、理念相结合，从空间的整体性和时间的延续性去把握，力求创作出地域性、文化性、时代性和谐统一的作品。何镜堂院士将此提炼为“两观三性”论，它既是建筑创作的原则，也是设计构思的方法。

具体到这个项目中，我们将旧建筑视为活的有机生命体，从历史、文化、场地、功能空间中去寻找改造的依据和策略，通过“整体观”和“生态观”的整体把握，借鉴于庭园在传统岭南建筑中的应用，结合地形的高低错落，以“园林化”的方式为场地建立了新的秩序、注入新的特质。在对待新旧建筑的关系上，我们保留旧建筑部分的外观，内部空间按新的功能需求重组，并增加构造柱、圈梁等构造措施加固防震，修旧如旧；新加建部分，采用可逆性的轻钢结构，衔接处与旧建筑脱离以连接体过渡，风格上采用以钢和玻璃为主的现代式，新、旧建筑并置，空间错落有致而又和谐一体。

在这组旧建筑更新改造中，旧建筑不再只是保存历史遗存的标本，而且维系和重建了建筑与人、社会的互动关系，从中体现了尊重岭南地域环境、气候、文化的“地域性”，注重激发旧建筑新活力、历史与现代生活相融合的“时代性”，吸收、融汇传统岭南庭园精神、营造新时代岭南庭园的“文化性”。

在这里相继创作出2010年上海世博会中国馆、侵华日军南京大屠杀纪念馆扩建工程及胜利纪念馆、天津博物馆、映秀震中纪念地、钱学森图书馆、澳门大学横琴校区等一大批在国内外颇具影响力的标志性建筑，正如镌刻在工作室门厅墙壁上的一行话语“我们来到这里是为了出创作成果，我们留在这里是为了出更好的创作成果”。这组旧建筑群渐进式的更新改造不仅体现了创作团队在建筑创作实践中所坚持和贯彻的创作理念和核心价值，更加见证了何镜堂建筑创作团队近些年在建筑创作实践中的探索与成果。何镜堂工作室这个激发创意的现代岭南庭院，更是我们设计师共同的家园。2014年，何镜堂工作室被选为中国建筑学会全国建筑科普教育基地，我们希望在此平台上与四方设计同道交流、探讨建筑创作的道路。

项目信息/Credits and Data

设计团队/Design Team: 何镜堂，郭卫宏，李绮霞，郑少鹏，黄沛宁，晏忠，郑炎，叶青青，曹声东，阮皙鸣，郭志盛等/HE Jingtang, GOU Weihong, LI Qixia, ZHENG Shaopeng, HUANG Peining, YAN Zhong, ZHENG Yan, YE Qingqing, CAO Shengdong, RUAN Ximing, GUO Zhisheng, et al.地点/Location: 华南理工大学/SCUT

用地面积/Site Area: 5100m2

建筑面积/Floor Area: 2600m2

设计时间/Design Period: 2004-2015

摄影/Photos: 陈尧/CHEN Yao

2 概念分析/Conceptual analysis

3 工作室所在地原状/Original state

He Jingtang studio was rebuilt upon the restoration of a group of old buildings, located in the campus of South China University of Technology. It was the original residential area of the professors at the time of the former Zhongshan University. In its complete set of street blocks, the north is a row of six single-story pitched-roof villas built in 1930, while the south is a row of four two-story duplex villas built in late 1970s. Long in disrepair, these buildings are dilapidated with parts collapsed into dangerous buildings. Since 2004, after four phases of incremental renovation, the historic street block gradually turned into an architecture studio characteristic of the South Five Ridges area. Full of vigor and vitality, it created both a cultured innovation base for the campus, and a natural, humanized public venue for the community.

Over the years, our design philosophy is to seek regional basis for exploring innovative points, to refine and sublimate culturally and combine them with modern technology and concepts, to accord with the integrity of space and continuity of time, and to strive to create a work in harmony with region, culture and age. Academician He Jingtang abstracted these ideas into the theory of "two views and three natures". It serves as both the principle and methodology of architectural design.

As for the details of the project, we regarded the old buildings as organic life, seeking the basis and strategy of transformation from historical, cultural, local and functional spaces. Comprehensively we took the "overall concept" and "ecological view", drawing upon garden design in traditional buildings of the South Five Ridges area, and, taking advantage of the scattered terrain, we brought new orders and features to the site through gardening. In dealing with the relationship between the old and new buildings, we retained the profile of the old buildings, restructured interior space according to new functional requirements, increased columns, ring beams and other quakeproof structural measures, and restored the old to its original appearance. As for the new additions, we adopted reversible light steel structure, disconnected the joint with the old buildings but used connecting body as transition. Where style is concerned, steel and glass is adopted to give the structure a modern look, while the juxtaposition of the old and new create a well-proportioned, harmonious space.

In renovation of the group of old buildings, they were no longer treated as just as historical relics and specimens, but a means to maintain and reconstruct the interaction between the buildings and people. We showed great respect for the regional environment, climate and culture of the South Five Ridges areas, emphasized the epochal character in stimulating new vitality out of old building and integrating traditional and modern life. We also adopted a cultural approach by absorbing traditional gardening concepts of the South Five Ridges areas to create modern gardens.

4 首层平面/Floor 0 plan

5 庭园空间/Courtyard

6 屋顶绿植/Plants above the roof

7 连桥/Bridge

A large number of influential landmark buildings have been created here, such as: China Pavilion in the World Expo 2010 Shanghai, Expansion Project of Memorial Hall of Victims of Nanjing Massacre by Japanese Invaders, Tianjin Museum, Epicenter Memorial Hall in YinXiu, Qian Xuesen Library, and Hengqin Island New Campus of the University of Macau. As the words engraved on the wall of the studio lobby express, "we came here to create and stayed to create better works". The gradual renewal and renovation of the group of old buildings not only embody the design concepts and core value that the creative team has adhered to and implemented in practice, but also attest to the exploration and achievements of the architectural practice of He Jingtang studio in recent years. The studio is an inspiring modern garden in the South Five Ridges areas and the common homeland of our designers. In 2014, the studio was selected as a national base for popular science education by the Architectural Society of China. We hope to use this platform to exchange and explore architectural design ideas with fellow architects.

8 接待室、鱼池与树/Reception room, fish pond and tree

评论

戴春：这个建筑更新设计以顺应岭南亚热带气候特征结合空间需求为主线，弱化形式上的诉求，有机延续了近代岭南建筑师杨锡宗设计的原有历史建筑布局自由、结合地形、自然错落的空间特质，将工作室空间功能与之结合自然有效，亦很适合以项目为中心的工作室运作模式。另外，岭南建筑“顺堂顺巷而贯”的通风策略在该空间小气候的营造中令人印象深刻，无论是建筑间的通透式连廊，还是庭院中加建部分对风道的配合，以及各个工作空间之间设置东南向的开口，都有利于夏季穿堂风的形成；由此而形成的连廊与庭院，以及屋顶平台，比较自然地形成了一系列可供自由交流的空间，是设计工作室非常积极的空间。

范路：改造自历史街块及其旧建筑的何镜堂院士工作室，堪称新式岭南庭园和创意文化基地的经典。借鉴传统岭南庭园的景观设计，不仅尊重了当地的气候环境，还为场地和新旧建筑确立了新的空间秩序。由此，场地庭园、历史建筑、新加入的共享模块和联系空间等各类建筑要素，逻辑清晰地组织在一起，形成了历史、文化、场地、功能、气候和环境的高度整合。而旧建筑和街区被激发出新活力，融入现代生活，成为产生创新灵感的设计师之家。

9 新旧建筑之间的过渡/Transition between new and old building

10 室内/Interior view

Comments

DAI Chun: In line with the spatial demand, The building renewed its design to mainly comply with the subtropical climate of Lingnan. Focusing less on the form than ever, it organically inherits the original layout of the building designed by modern Lingnan architect Yang Xizong, which is terrain-based, flexible, natural, yet well-spaced. It is both natural and effective to incorporate these spatial characteristics into the spatial function of the studio, suitable for project-based studio operation modes. Besides, the ventilation strategy of Lingnan architecture, "let the wind go through the buildings and lanes", creates an impressive small climate for this space. Be it permeable corridors between buildings, courtyard additions in response to air channels, or southeastward openings set between working spaces, all of them are conducive to the summer ventilation within building complexes. In this way, the corridors, courtyards, and roof patios are naturally shaped into a series of spaces for free exchange, which can be very active spaces of the design studio.

FAN Lu: The studio of Academician HE Jingtang, a renovation project of a street block with its old buildings, can be regarded as a new canon of Lingnan garden and creative culture base. the landscape design, inspired by traditional Lingnan gardens, not only shows regards for local climate, but also provides a spatial order for the site, old buildings and additions. Therefore, different kinds of architectural elements - gardens, historical buildings, newly added shared modules and corridors - are logically organized and well articulated, which amounts to a thorough integration of history, culture, site, function, climate and environment. In conclusion, old buildings and the street block are animated, fitting in with modern life and transformed into a designers' home for innovative ideas.

He Jingtang Studio, Guangzhou, China, 2015

Architects: He Jingtang Studio of Architectural Design & Research Institute of SCUT