宽窄巷子历史文化保护区保护性改造工程，成都，中国

2015-12-19 02:19项目设计刘伯英黄靖古红樱弓箭北京华清安地建筑设计事务所有限公司

世界建筑 2015年3期

关键词：北京华院落巷子

项目设计：刘伯英，黄靖，古红樱，弓箭/北京华清安地建筑设计事务所有限公司

Project Design: LIU Boying, HUANG Jing, GU Hongying, GONG Jian/Beijing AN-DESIGN Architects

宽窄巷子历史文化保护区保护性改造工程，成都，中国

Historical and Cultural Conservation Area of Kuan-Zhai-Xiang-Zi Alleys, Chengdu, China, 2008

项目设计：刘伯英，黄靖，古红樱，弓箭/北京华清安地建筑设计事务所有限公司

Project Design: LIU Boying, HUANG Jing, GU Hongying, GONG Jian/Beijing AN-DESIGN Architects

1 鸟瞰/Aerial view

宽窄巷子是成都市最重要的历史文化保护区，历史文化内涵丰厚，自2003年保护工程启动伊始就备受世人瞩目。核心保护区位于成都市中心，占地约6.6hm2，原有民居建筑面积约61,300m2，共计944户居民。其中传统建筑院落45处，占总用地的70%。2008年建成后总面积约61,785m2，容积率保持不变。

研究宽窄巷子的历史文化就会发现，它代表了成都市“两江环抱，三城相重”的城市格局，代表了2000年少城文化和300年满城文化的传承，代表了北方胡同与川西民居的结合，代表了成都平原的市井生活特征。

在5年的实践过程中，设计重点研究了历史街区的保护方法与策略，规划与建筑设计中的消防问题，木结构和砖木结构保护加固的技术措施，传统木构的承重与抗震设计，传统民居建筑的保温节能设计等等。特别是在现行规范无法完全指导的情况下，既要保证传统建筑形式与风貌，还要保证现代使用功能与安全舒适。经过不懈的努力与坚持，我们完成了从研究、规划、测绘、方案、建筑施工图、景观、商业规划、室内设计指导全过程的设计。

2.3 外景/Exterior view

Kuan-Zhai-Xiang-Zi alleys are the most important historical and cultural conservation area in Chengdu. The project has attracted much attention since its launch in 2003. Located in downtown Chengdu, the core protected site covers an area of about 6.6 hectares, with an original residential area of about 61,300 square meters for a total of 944 households. Among the residential buildings, there are 45 traditional houses, taking up 70% of the total residential area. After the completion of the project in 2008, the area is about 61,785 square meters, with the floor area ratio remaining unchanged.

Research on the history of Kuan-Zhai-Xiang-Zi shows that it represents the city layout of Chengdu: Surrounded by two rivers, with three overlapping cities (including the Small City/the Manchu City, the Imperial City and the Big City). It is also a symbol of the continuity between the 2000 years culture of the Small City and the 300 years of culture of the Manchu City, of the combination of Hutong in North China and the residential buildings in West Sichuan, and of the feature of life in Chengdu Plain.

During the five years in practice, the design focused on: methods and strategies to protect historic neighborhoods, fire protection problems in architectural design and planning, technical measures of protection and reinforcement of wood structure and brick structure, load-bearing traditional wood structure and its seismic resistance, and thermal insulation and energy conservation in traditional residential buildings, etc. When the existing norms could not serve as the complete guidance, it was a bit challenging to obtain both traditional architectural image and modern functions and convenience. Through unremitting efforts and persistence, we completed the whole design, which included research, planning, surveying and mapping, construction plans, landscape, business planning and interior design.

评委评语

成都市宽窄巷子历史文化保护区保护性改造项目以尊重传统、关怀城市的态度，基于更宽广的时空视野，实现了对历史街区的令人信服的增量式有机更新。项目建成后，形成了使用者与建成空间之间的良性互动。不仅延续了原有的街巷系统与院落肌理，更延续了原住民社区的生活传统，名副其实地成为了近年来中国不多的历史街区有机更新项目中最令人称道的案例。该项目的建筑设计以更高的社会责任感和更强的历史与人文意识解决了当代中国建筑问题，将为其他类似项目提供长久的参考与灵感。

Jury Statement

The renovation project of Kuan-Zhai-Xiang-Zi Historical and Cultural Conservation Area, which was carried out on the premises of respecting traditions and serving with a broader vision, has realized an organic renewal of the historic site. It has generated a positive interaction between the residents and the built environment by maintaining the original street pattern, courtyard texture and the traditional lifestyle of communities. Therefore, it can be regarded as the most successful case of the several historic site renovation projects in China in recent years. The design for this project, which addresses contemporary Chinese architectural issues with a higher sense of social responsibility and a stronger consciousness of history and humanity, will provide reference and inspiration for other similar projects in the future.