李舜法 黄建锋 曾莹等
[摘要] 目的 探讨广州番禺区汉族人群2型糖尿病与Preproghrelin基因rs96217位点单核苷酸多态性的关系。 方法 提取番禺汉族人群中非糖尿病的正常人和2型糖尿病患者的DNA,采用PCR-RFLP,分析对照组和T2DM组Preproghrelin基因rs96217位点的基因型及组间基因型、等位基因频率分布的差异。 结果 对照组116例样本中,CC 96例、AC 20例, AA 0例;基因型频率分别为:82.8%、17.2%、0。T2DM组118例样本中,CC 89例、AC 24例、AA 5例,基因型频率分别为:75.4%、20.3%、4.3%。组间基因型和等位基因频率差异无统计学意义。 结论 广州番禺区汉族人群2型糖尿病与Preproghrelin基因rs96217位点单核苷酸多态性之间未见显著相关性。但T2DM组中发现AA基因型,而对照组未显,原因有待进一步研究。
[关键词] Preproghrelin基因;单核苷酸多态性;2型糖尿病;聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态分析技术
[中图分类号] R587.1 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 2095-0616(2015)15-09-04
[Abstract] Objective To study the relationships between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Han ethnics of Panyu and SNP rs96217 of preproghrelin gene. Methods Extraction DNA of 116 non-T2DM healthy individuals (the control group) and 118 T2DM individuals (the T2DM group) from populations of Han ethnics in Panyu, target gene segments were detected using PCR-RFLP in order to analyze genotypes of SNP rs96217 of preproghrelin gene, and to compare the differences of genotypic and allelic frequencies between the two groups. Results In the control group, the genotypes CC and AC had 96 and 20 individuals, but genotype AA wasnt find. Their genotypic frequencies were 82.8%,17.2% and 0%, respectivel. In the T2DM group, the genotypes CC, AC and AA were detected in 89, 24 and 5 cases, Their genotypic frequencies were 75.4%、20.3% and 4.3%, respectively. there were no statistical significance in the difference of genotypic and allelic frequencies between the control group and the T2DM group. Conclusion There are no significant relationships between T2DM in Han ethnics of Panyu and SNP rs96217 of preproghrelin gene. However, genotype AA was detected in the T2DM group but not in control, which suggested that allele A may play certain roles in T2DM development. Further investigations certainly would be worth pursuing.
[Key words] Preproghrelin gene; Single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP); Type 2 diabetes mellitus; Polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP)
糖尿病是严重危害人类健康的主要慢性疾病之一,目前全球糖尿病患者超过 1.7 亿,而且患病率还在逐年增加。糖尿病患者中约90%为2型糖尿病[1]。2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes mellitus,T2DM)是一种以高血糖为主要特征的代谢紊乱性疾病[2-3],其病因及发病机制一般认为与胰岛素抵抗有关[4]。
血糖控制不佳所致的各种并发症基因在2型糖尿病的发生中起着关键作用,但目前还不能明确鉴定出2型糖尿病由那个具体的基因决定[5],因而筛选2型糖尿病的候选基因是鉴定其易感基因和研究其发病机制的主要方法之一[6]。国外有研究报道:Preproghrelin基因是2型糖尿病的候选基因之一,而其rs96217位点单核苷酸多态性对胰岛素抵抗具有保护作用[7],但单核苷酸多态性与2型糖尿病发生的关系未有定论。国内有报道[8]:Preproghrelin基因Leu72Met多态性与上海地区汉族人2型糖尿病无显著相关性,但可能存在延缓2型糖尿病微量蛋白尿继续发展的作用。
随着我国社会经济条件的改善,糖尿病患病率也在逐年迅速增加,已成为继肿瘤、心脑血管疾病后第3位严重危害人民健康的慢性非传染性疾病[9]。T2DM已成为威胁广州地区人群健康的的一个严重的社会问题,表现出发病人数多、年轻化等特点。因此从遗传因素的角度去寻找发病机制,为预防和治疗提供资料尤为重要和急迫。课题组前期研究曾以广州主城区的越秀、海珠、天河三区的人群作为研究对象,未涉及番禺区人群,为了较全面的了解Preproghrelin基因多态性与广州地区人群2型糖尿病之间的关系,课题组选择了番禺区人群以扩大样本量。本项目的研究目的是为了探究Preproghrelin基因rs96217位点单核苷酸多态性与番禺区人群2型糖尿病的关系,为阐明2型糖尿病的发生、发展机制提供理论依据。