王 辉,初向阳,王 波,马克峰
解放军总医院 胸外科,北京 100853
原发性肺腺癌间质上皮转化因子mRNA的表达及意义
王 辉,初向阳,王 波,马克峰
解放军总医院 胸外科,北京 100853
目的 探讨间质上皮转化因子(mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor,c-MET) mRNA在原发性肺腺癌组织中的表达及意义。方法 回顾性分析2011年7月- 2013年10月在我院手术并确诊的83例原发性肺腺癌患者的临床资料及c-MET mRNA检测结果。根据c-MET mRNA检测结果将患者分为高表达组和低表达组。结果 83例中,c-MET mRNA高表达占36.1%(30/83)。高表达组淋巴结转移率为46.7%(14/30),高于低表达组的20.8%(11/53)(P<0.05)。高表达组临床分期Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ期分别为53.3%(16/30)、30.0%(9/30)、16.7%(5/30),低表达组为75.5%(40/53)、17.0%(9/53)、7.5%(4/53),两组有统计学差异(P<0.05)。高表达组的1年、2年无进展生存率为53.3%和22.2%,低表达组为81.1%和67.9%,两组无进展生存时间有统计学差异(P<0.05)。多因素分析显示,c-MET mRNA表达水平(HR=2.298,P=0.019)、分化程度(HR=2.632,P=0.003)和临床分期(HR=3.048,P=0.019)是肺腺癌预后的独立危险因素。结论 c-MET mRNA过度表达可能是原发性肺腺癌患者预后不良的因素。
非小细胞肺癌;腺癌;间质上皮转化因子基因
网络出版时间:2015-04-10 16:55 网络出版地址:http://www.cnki.net/kcms/detail/11.3275.R.20150410.1655.002.html
间质上皮转化因子(mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor,c-MET)基因位于第7号染色体7q31区,在胚胎形成和损伤修复过程中发挥了重要的生物学作用[1-3]。c-MET基因编码的蛋白属于酪氨酸激酶受体,是肝细胞生长因子(hepatocyte growth factor,HGF)的特异性受体,HGF/c-MET信号通路的异常激活是多种癌症形成的重要分子机制[4-5]。研究表明,c-MET基因在人体正常组织中不表达或低表达,而在肺癌组织中存在过度表达,c-MET基因的扩增、突变及过度表达与癌细胞增殖、侵袭、迁移等生物学行为关系密切,且与预后不良相关[6-8]。本文回顾性分析在我院手术、病理确诊为原发性肺腺癌(primary lung adenocarcinoma,PLAC)的83例患者,对其临床资料及c-MET mRNA检测结果进行分析,探讨c-MET mRNA不同表达患者中临床预后的差异。
1 一般资料 选取2011年7月- 2013年10月在我院手术的83例原发性肺腺癌患者,所有病例经病理确诊并进行了c-MET mRNA检测,临床资料完整,临床分期依据2009年国际抗癌联盟(第7版)肺癌TNM分期[9],既往无肿瘤病史。
2 检测方法 c-MET mRNA检测采用分支-DNA液相芯片技术。c-MET mRNA检测值与标准数据进行对比,>0.503者为c-MET mRNA高表达组,≤0.503者为低表达组。
3 随访 采用电话或门诊随访,记录患者相关后续治疗、无进展生存时间和生存状况等数据,以死亡为随访终点,随访从病例确诊至2014年10月1日。无进展生存时间(progression-free survival time,PFS)指从病理确诊到疾病进展或最后随访日期。
4 统计学方法 采用SPSS22.0统计学软件进行数据分析,符合正态分布的计量数据以±s表示,采用t检验,计数资料采用χ2检验,等级资料采用秩和检验,多因素分析采用Cox回归分析。P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。
1 一般资料 83例中,高表达组30例,占36.1%,男性12例,女性18例;确诊年龄36 ~ 74 (55.2± 8.7)岁;吸烟者7例;低分化5例,中分化19例,高分化6例;Ⅰ期16例,Ⅱ期9例,Ⅲ期5例。低表达组53例,占63.9%,男性23例,女性30例;确诊年龄35 ~ 78(56.3±10.4)岁;吸烟者10例;低分化5例,中分化33例,高分化15例;Ⅰ期40例,Ⅱ期9例,Ⅲ期4例。见表1。
2 c-MET mRNA表达水平比较 两组性别、年龄、吸烟史和分化程度方面无统计学差异(P>0.05)。高表达组淋巴结转移率为46.7%(14/30),明显高于低表达组的20.8%(11/53)(P<0.05)。高表达组的Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ期比例为53.3%(16/30)、30.0%(9/30)、16.7%(5/30),低表达组为75.5%(40/53)、17.0%(9/53)、7.5%(4/53),两组间有统计学差异(P<0.05)。见表1,临床分期分布见图1。
3 无进展生存时间分析 高表达组的1年、2年无进展生存率为53.3%、22.2%,低表达组为81.1%、67.9%,高表达组PFS低于低表达组(P<0.05)。两组PFS在分化程度、淋巴结转移和临床分期方面有统计学差异(P<0.05),与性别和吸烟史不相关(P>0.05)。见表2,c-MET mRNA表达水平的PFS曲线见图2。
4 预后危险因素分析 将c-MET mRNA表达水平、分化程度、淋巴结转移和临床分期纳入多因素分析,显示c-MET mRNA表达水平、分化程度和临床分期是肺腺癌预后的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。见表3。
表1 83例原发性肺腺癌患者c-MET mRNA表达水平比较Tab. 1 c-MET mRNA level in 83 PLAC patients (n, %)
表2 83例原发性肺腺癌患者无进展生存率比较Tab. 2 Progression-free survival rate of 83 PLAC patients(n, %)
表3 83例原发性肺腺癌患者无进展生存时间的Cox分析Tab. 3 Cox regression analysis of 83 PLAC patients
图 1 不同c-MET mRNA表达水平患者的临床分期Fig. 1 TNM stage of PLAC patients with different c-MET mRNA level
图 2 不同c-MET mRNA表达水平患者的无进展生存曲线Fig 2 Kaplan-meier PFS curves of PLAC patients with different c-MET mRNA level
Cooper等[10]于1984年首次报道了c-MET基因。c-MET基因编码的蛋白是受体酪氨酸激酶家族(receptor tyrosine kinase,RTK)成员,为HGF的特异性跨膜受体,是由50 kU的α亚基和140 kU的β亚基组成的异二聚体。c-MET蛋白的胞外区与HGF结合,可引起受体细胞质内酪氨酸残基的自身磷酸化,激活一系列信号传导通路的酶促反应,从而引起细胞增殖、迁移和凋亡等生物学行为[5,11]。正常人体细胞中,HGF/c-MET信号通路的激活在胚胎形成、损伤修复等方面发挥了重要的作用[1-3]。
在多种肿瘤组织中,均可检测到c-MET基因的扩增、突变和过度表达等异常表现[12-14]。c-MET基因异常可通过经典的c-MET/ErbB3/PI3k信号通路激活肿瘤细胞的恶性增殖和转移,也可以活化其他信号通路(如ERK-MAP信号通路等),导致肿瘤的发生和发展[15-16]。Hu等[6]在手术切除的肺癌组织中检测到c-MET蛋白的过度表达,并且过度表达与侵袭性和预后相关。Tretiakova等[7]在肺癌组织中检测到c-MET和p-MET的过度表达,如果磷酸化c-MET的特殊形式(细胞质中Y1003和细胞核中Y1365)两者同时出现过度表达,则预后不良,提示特殊形式的p-MET可作为肺癌的生物学标记物。Park等[8]通过FISH和ICH技术检测肺癌组织中c-MET基因异常,发现c-MET基因拷贝数增高和c-MET过度表达是非小细胞肺癌术后预后不良的因素。在非小细胞肺癌中,c-MET基因的过度表达较其扩增和突变更加常见[17]。
本研究显示,在原发性肺腺癌患者中,c-MET mRNA过度表达者有较高的淋巴结转移率和较晚的临床分期,而TNM分期系统是评估肺癌侵袭性和预后的较好指标[18-19],这提示c-MET mRNA表达水平有可能是决定肺腺癌侵袭性和预后的重要因素。进一步对随访结果的分析显示,c-MET mRNA表达水平与无进展生存时间有相关性,多因素分析显示,其过度表达是预后的独立危险因素。
综上所述,c-MET基因异常在肺癌发生、发展的过程中起到了重要的作用,也是潜在的靶向治疗靶点,c-MET mRNA检测对原发性肺腺癌患者的预后预测和后续治疗选择具有有益的临床价值。
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Expression and clinical significance of c-MET mRNA in primary lung adenocarcinoma: An analysis of 83 cases
WANG Hui, CHU Xiangyang, WANG Bo, MA Kefeng
Department of Thoracic Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
Corresponding author: CHU Xiangyang. Email: drchu301@aliyun.com
Objective To investigate the expression and clinical significance of c-MET mRNA in primary lung adenocarcinoma.
Methods Clinical data and c-MET mRNA test results about 83 patients with primary lung adenocarcinoma who underwent surgery in our hospital from July 2011 to October 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into c-MET mRNA overexpression group and low expression group. Results In 83 patients, the constituent ratio of overexpression group was 36.1%(30/83). The lymph node metastasis rate of overexpression group and low expression group were 46.7% (14/30) and 20.8% (11/53)with significant difference (P<0.05). The Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ TNM stage of overexpression group and low expression group were 53.3%(16/30), 30.0% (9/30), 16.7% (5/30) and 75.5% (40/53), 17.0% (9/53), 7.5% (4/53), which also showed significant differences (P<0.05). The 1-, 2-year progression-free survival rate of overexpression group and low expression group were 53.3%, 22.2% and 81.1%,67.9% with significant difference (P<0.05). The multivariate analysis showed that c-MET mRNA level (HR=2.298, P=0.019),differentiation (HR=2.632, P=0.003) and TNM stage (HR=3.048, P=0.019) were independent risk factors for prognosis. Conclusion c-MET mRNA overexpression is a negative prognostic factor for patients with primary lung adenocarcinoma.
non-small cell lung cancer; adenocarcinoma; mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor gene
R 734.2
A
2095-5227(2015)07-0661-04
10.3969/j.issn.2095-5227.2015.07.006
2014-12-31
王辉,男,在读硕士。研究方向:胸外科。Email: whop hone@163.com
初向阳,男,博士,主任医师,教授,博士生导师。Email: drchu301@aliyun.com