话题4. 日常活动

余球芳

一、相关短语

1. drive to work 开车上班

2. communicate with parents 与父母交流

3. square dancing 广场舞

4. be busy/occupied with 忙于

5. stay up late 熬夜

6. come up with a general plan 想出一个总计划

7. take outdoor activities 参加户外活动

8. take a proper lunch break 适当的午休

9. manage time properly 合理利用时间

10. adjust our routines 调整我们的例程

11. affect peoples normal life and studies 影响人们的正常生活与学习

12. limit their dancing time 限制他们的跳舞时间

13. walk an average of half an hour a day 平均每天步行半个小时

14. take public transport/transportation乘公共交通

15. make a detailed and practical plan 制定一个详细而可行的计划

16. prepare for the College Entrance Examination 高考备考

17. be used /accustomed to doing sth. 习惯于做某事

18. improve our work efficiency 提高我们的工作效率

二、必备句型

1. With society becoming increasingly competitive，efficiency is the key to success.随着社会变得竞争越来越激烈，效率是成功的秘诀。

2. Facing such a great challenge，she first made a detailed plan. 面临着一个如此大的挑战，她首先制定一个详细的计划。

3. My father is in favor of the view of my living at school，which can help save a lot of time. 我的爸爸赞成我住校，这样可以节省很多时间。

4. From where I stand，square dancing has a bad impact on peoples normal life and studies. 在我看来，广场舞对人们的正常生活和学习有很坏的影响。

5. Im convinced that eating together is the perfect time for us to communicate with our parents. 我确信一起吃饭是我们与父母交流的最佳时间。

三、典型例题

例题一：基础写作

最近，调研发现，现在的年轻人走路很少，出门不是开车就是搭公车，这对他们的健康很不利。

[写作内容]

请写一篇英语短文，内容包括：

调查机构：the Researchers 杂志

调查对象：2000名成年人，18～24岁

调研发现：四分之一的年轻人平均每天步行不到10分钟

原 因：（1）很多人归咎于科技的发展

（2）没有人一起散步

专家建议：（1）多步行，不要总开车或搭公车

（2）每天多步行20分钟可降低疾病发生的危险，如心脏病和中风（stroke）

[过程指导]

第一步，认真审题。

1. 审文体：本文是调查报告。

2. 审时态：以_______________为主。

3. 审人称：以第______人称为主。

4. 审要点：认真看看方框内外的信息，以便分组规划。

第二步，信息分组。

根据各信息点之间的逻辑顺序等将信息分为5组，以便用5个句子来表达。（在题中用笔圈出即可）

第三步，信息表达。

以上每组信息点用一个英语句子来表达。

第四步，连句成篇。

将以上5个句子合并成一篇连贯的短文，必要时添加适当的过渡衔接词。

第五步，检查核对。

第六步，规范誊写。

例题二：读写任务

阅读下面短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。

Its important that you develop effective strategies for managing your time to balance the conflicting demands of time for study，leisure，earning money and job-hunting. Time management skills are valuable in job-hunting and other aspects of life： from revising for examinations to working in a vacation job.

Sometimes it may seem that there isnt enough time to do everything you need to. This can lead to a build-up of stress. When revising for examinations or during your final year when you have to combine the pressures of study with finding time to apply for jobs，good management of your time can be particularly important. Once we have identified ways we can improve the management of our time，we can begin to adjust our routines and patterns of behavior to reduce any time-related stress in our lives.

What skills are required for effective time management？ Some of these skills including setting clear goals，breaking your goals down into discreet（考虑周到的） steps，and reviewing your progress towards your goals are covered in Action Planning.

Other skills include prioritizing—focusing on urgent and important tasks rather than those that are not important or dont move you towards your goals； organizing your work schedule； making lists to remind you of what you need to do and persevering when things are not working out and avoiding delay.

[写作内容]

1. 以约30个词概括上文的主要内容；

2. 以约120个词就“合理利用时间”发表看法，内容包括：

（1）合理利用时间的重要性；

（2）以你或他人的经历说明其重要性；

（3）你如何合理利用时间进行高考备考。

[过程指导]

写概要

1. 分析文体类别：阅读材料为议论文，作者首先指出合理安排时间很重要，然后论述为什么重要，最后再谈如何合理安排时间的技巧。

2. 找出关键词句：写概要前，应在文中找出并标明以下关键句或关键词：

提出问题：______________________________（第一段）

分析问题：______________________________（第二段）

解决问题：_________________________（第三、四段）

3. 组合关键词句：_________________________________

谈看法

要点（1）：首先写出主题句：合理利用时间很重要。然后具体分析为什么重要：效率是成功的秘诀，可以做更多事，提高工作效率。

要点（2）：首先写出主题句：列举他人的经历。然后设想他人如何合理利用时间取得成功：在期末考试来临时参加一个英语口语比赛，通过制定好详细的计划，合理安排好时间，早上练习口语，晚上复习功课，最后取得了意想不到的成功。

要点（3）：首先写出主题句：我会制定好计划合理利用时间进行高考备考。然后再进一步说明：劳逸结合。

根据以上提示，完成自己的写作：___________________

四、摸拟演练

练习一：基础写作

假如你叫李华，高三学生，关于在家住还是在校住你和父亲发生了争执。

[写作内容]

请根据你和父亲不同的观点给某英文报社编辑Teddy写一封信，希望得到他的建议。

父亲的观点：在校住。其理由如下：

（1）省时，每天来回50分钟；

（2）集中精力学习；

（3）独立，学会自己解决问题；

（4）参加课外运动，增进与同学之间的友谊。

你的观点：在家住。其理由如下：

（1）有更多自主安排学习的自由；

（2）有更多与父母交流的时间，增进相互理解；

（3）刷牙洗澡方便，不用洗衣服

Dear Teddy，

I have been getting along well with my father.

…

Could you tell me what I should do？ I would be grateful if you could give me some advice.

Your sincere reader，

Li Hua

练习二：读写任务

阅读下面短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。

Square dancing is a good way of keeping fit. But when many people dance to loud music in squares or parks， they create noise that people in the neighborhoods find it painful to bear. Group dancing has become controversial because of the noise pollution.

Media have reported some conflicts between people dancing and neighborhood residents. A man annoyed by the loud dancing music fired a shotgun into the air to scare away the dancers near his house. Some residents threw rubbish at people dancing in a square. Some students in Hebei Province organized a silent protest against people playing loud music by blocking the“stage” of the dancers in a square. The students said they needed a quiet atmosphere to study.

Moreover， the city of Guangzhou in Guangdong Province makes rules to regulate square dancing from next year by restricting the time， places and the use of loudspeakers.

However， senior citizenslove for square dancing reflects the lack of places for people to keep physical fitness and the few leisure activities they can join in. Compared with playing mahjong， watching TV， since elderly people want company， most of them readily join square dancing troupes to socialize as well as to get some exercise.

[写作内容]

1. 以约30个词概括上文的主要内容；

2. 以约120个词就“广场舞扰民”发表看法，内容包括：

（1）你怎样看待广场舞对人们生活与学习的影响？

（2）请讲述你自己或朋友的相关经历；

（3）如何解决广场舞噪音扰民的问题？

（作者单位：湛江廉江市廉江中学）