话题 14 天气（Weather）

陈碎仍

一、命题预测

命题人可能要求考生写一篇天气预报或介绍某地的气候特征以及相应的穿衣、生活、出行的注意事项；另外，随着近年来全球气候的持续变暖，在世界各地频频出现极端天气，命题者可能要求考生描述一个极端天气事件（发生的时间、地点，以及给人们的生产和生活带来的影响等）；或就一些极端气候的现象，要求考生分析其发生的原因，以及应当采取什么措施等等。

二、常用短语

1. rainy season雨季

2. heat stroke/sunstroke中暑

3. drought-relief efforts抗旱

4. global warming全球气候变暖

5. extreme weather极端天气

6. greenhouse effect温室效应

7. average temperature平均气温

8. weather forecast天气预报

9. high temperatures/wave高温/浪

10. drinking water shortage饮用水缺乏

11. have agreeable weather气候适宜

12. enjoy pleasant weather气候适宜

13. have adequate rainfall雨水充足

14. worst-hit area最严重受灾地区

15. neither too cold nor too hot既不太冷又不太热

16. red/orange rainstorm alert红色/ 橙色暴雨预警

17. yellow/blue rainstorm alert黄色/ 蓝色暴雨预警

18. emergency response system/plan应急系统/预案

三、套用句式

1. The temperature in Suzhou varies from 18 to 30 degrees centigrade in June. 苏州6月份气温大概介乎18到30摄氏度之间。

2. It is worth mentioning that like other cities in Jiangsu Province， Suzhou also has a very long rainy period， called the plum rain season， so an umbrella is advisable to be equipped during the season.值得一提的是，和江苏的其他城市一样，苏州的雨季很长，被称为梅雨季节，所以在这个时间段旅游苏州最好带上伞哦！

3. All shops and banks are closed when the government issues the typhoon alert. 当政府发布台风预警时，商店和银行都暂停营业。

4. Factories that release a great deal of polluted gases are also responsible for it.排放出大量污染气体的工厂也应为此负责。

5. Personally， it is time for the government to enact more strict laws and regulations to reduce/lower harmful emissions from factories.我认为政府是时候制定更严厉的法律法规来减少来自工厂的有害排放物了。

四、习作修改（做短文改错，背经典范文）

Good evening！Here is the weather report of the next 24 hours. Many of North and South China will have a cold wet day and there will be strong wind in some places. In Northeast it will be fine and sometimes cloudy. The temperature will stay over zero in the daytime， but at night will fall below zero. In the Northwest there will be snowy during the night. And it is bad that in some places the snow will be heavy， with the lowest temperature to be 8 degree centigrade below zero.

五、课堂练习

假如你是李华， 你的澳大利亚笔友Sally六月将与家人一道到你的家乡——苏州旅游。 她想提前了解苏州的天气以及相应的注意事项。请用英语给她写一封邮件，内容包括：

1. 很高兴收到她的来信。

2. 苏州是一个美丽的城市。

3. 六月份气温通常介乎18至30摄氏度之间。

4. 六月份是苏州的梅雨时节，出行须带伞。

注意：1. 词数100左右。

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

3. 开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear Sally，

...

Yours，

Li Hua

[写作指导]

1. 审题。（1）体裁：邮件；（2）第一人称和第三人称（天气）；（3）以现在时为主（因大部分为介绍性信息）和一般将来时。

2. 要点及增加细节。

（1）很高兴收到她的来信（信的内容为六月Sally将与家人一道到你的家乡——苏州旅游）。

（2）苏州是一个（气候适宜的）美丽城市。

（3）六月份气温通常介乎18至30摄氏度之间（即气温既不太冷又不太热）。

（4）六月份是苏州的梅雨时节，出门须带伞。

（5）期待Sally的回信/Sally一家的到来。

3. 篇章结构。

上述要点（1）为书信的开头，可单独一段；要点（2）（3）都是体现苏州的宜人气候，而要点（4）则是需注意事项，与前者为转折关系，可用however使前后更加连贯；要点（5）放在最后单独一段。

此外，写作时在你的能力范围之内，注意运用灵活多样的句子。

六、课外作业

假如你是李华，现打算就我国近年来备受关注的雾霾（haze）现象写一篇文章向某报社投稿。内容主要包括：

1. 雾霾天气给人们的身体、生活带来的危害。

2. 分析产生这种现象的原因。

3. 谈谈你自己对此的看法。

注意：1. 词数100左右。

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

3. 开头已为你写好。

Recently， the haze weather in China has raised widespread concern

参考答案与范文

四、习作修改

这是一篇未来24小时的天气预报。

1. of→for 句意：现在播报未来24小时的天气预报。报道某事用report for sth.。

2. Many→Most 华北和华南大部分地区。

3. 在strong wind 前加上a 抽象名词具体化，与a heavy rain的表达相类似。

4. Northeast前加the 方位词前通常加the，这是固定用法。

5. and→but 前面的fine与后句的cloudy形成转折。

6. over→above 固定搭配。零度以上用above。

7. will前加上it 句子缺少主语，表气温用it。

8. snowy→snow 句子缺少主语，要用名词，形容词snowy不能做主语。

9. bad→worse 与前一句成递进关系。前面说有雪，后面说雪将会很大，所以应该用比较级。

10. degree→degrees 前面有8，所以应该用名词复数。

五、课堂练习

Dear Sally，

I am glad to hear that you are going to go on a trip with your family to my hometown， Suzhou， Jiangsu Province in June.

Suzhou is a beautiful city with agreeable/ideal/pleasant weather. Usually， the temperature in Suzhou varies from 18 degrees centigrade to 30 in June. Thats to say， it is neither too cold nor too hot when you are here. However， it is worth mentioning that like other cities in Jiangsu Province， Suzhou also has a very long rainy period， also called the plum rain season， so an umbrella is advisable to be equipped during the season.

I am really looking forward to your coming and hope that you will have a good time.

Best wishes！

Yours，

Li Hua

六、课外作业

Recently， the haze weather in China has raised widespread concern. It has brought much inconvenience and has done great harm to peoples health， such as traffic jam， road accidents， bad coughs， throat hurts and even lung cancers and so on. From my point of view， vehicles sending large quantities of poisonous gases are the main cause for the haze weather. Furthermore， Factories that release a great deal of polluted gases are also responsible for it.

Personally， it is time for the government to enact more strict laws and regulations to reduce/lower harmful emissions from factories. Besides， citizens should be encouraged to drive less and choose air-friendly means of transport. In brief， only when the government and the common citizens make joint efforts， can this problem be solved.

（作者单位：广东普宁市华美实验学校）

责任编辑 蒋小青