Module 11 Units 3—4 单元点拨

Unit 3

一、重点单词

1. Sinclair was blessed with brains and spent much of his time educating himself. （P34 L67）

辛科莱很聪明，他花了很多时间自学成材。

【点拨】 bless vt. 保佑，赐福于

May God bless you and keep you safe from harm. 愿上帝保佑你平安无事。

“be blessed with”意思是“赋有 （能力等），享有 （幸福等）”

Nicole has been blessed with a sense of humour. 尼科尔生来就有幽默感。

Though in his eighties， he is blessed with good health. 尽管他八十多岁了，身体却很好。

2. In 1961， Sinclair resigned from his job and founded his own company， producing pocketsized radios.

【点拨】 resign v. 辞职，放弃，抛弃 （权利等）;让出 （工作等）

“Thats why I decided to leave Afghanistan and resign from my job，” he said. 他表示：“这就是我之所以决定离开阿富汗并辞职的原因。”

I regret having to resign from my position. I wish you and ABC the best of luck and future success. 很遗憾我不得不辞职。祝您和ABC公司好运相伴，未来更加兴旺发达。

resign oneself to 听任;只好 （做某事）

No resign oneself to being defeated. 不甘心于失败。

3. tired

【点拨】 adj. 疲乏，累;（对……感到） 厌倦

It was clear that Paul was tired because he walked around all day. 保罗显然很疲倦，因为他晃了一整天。

be tired of 厌烦

Only after half a year， he was tired of working as a clerk in the company. 才过了半年，他就厌倦了公司职员的工作。

Im tired of practicing the violin， and Im going to give it a rest for a while. 我厌烦了练习小提琴，我想停下来休息一会。

tiring 使人疲倦的

It had been a long tiring day. 这一天让人感到又累又长。

二、重点短语

1. —the man who brought technology to the man in the street. （title）

把科学技术带给大众的人

【点拨】 the man in the street“普通人”，“常人”，“大众”。也可为“man on the street”。

2. As a result， he began designing and making things when he was very young. （P.1， L34） 因此，他很小的时候就开始设计和制造东西了。

Sinclairs reputation suffered as a result， but he is still respected for his earlier success. （P4， L43） 结果辛科莱的声誉受到了影响，但仍然因为早期的成功受到尊敬。

【点拨】 as a result & as a result of

as a result 是一个习惯短语，意思：因此，结果

As a result， the discussion was put off until next week. 结果讨论被推迟到下星期。

as a result of 后面加名词，意为：因为、由于……的结果

The discussion was put off until next week as a result of the heavy snow. 由于大雪，讨论被推迟到下星期。

【考点链接】

（1） Father was late for work     the traffic jam， and    ， the boss blamed him for it.

A. as a result; as a result of

B. as a result of; as a result

C. as a result of; in other words

D. as a result; in other words

【解析】 短语辨析。as a result结果是;as a result of由于……;in other words换句话说;句意：由于交通拥挤，父亲上班迟到了。结果，老板因此责备他了。根据句意说明B正确。

3. By the time he was ten years old， his teachers said that he was already so good at geometry， algebra and arithmetic that they could not teach him any more maths. （P1， L6）

By the end of eight months， Sinclair had sold more than 20，000ZX80 computers， making it a real hit.（P34 L 2627）八个月后，辛科莱已经售出了超过2万台ZX80电脑，使它成为一时的热门产品。

【点拨1】 跟下列这些时间状语连用时，谓语动词用什么时态？

By the time 到……为止（主句常用完成时）

By + 过去时间

现在时间

将来时间

主句 过去完成时

现在完成时

将来完成时

【考点链接】

① By the time Jane gets home， her aunt     for London to attend a meeting.

A. will leave   B. leaves

C. will have left    D. left

【解析】 by the time Jane gets home，以一般现在时表将来，所以主句用将来完成时，答案为C。

② The construction of the two new railway lines     by now.

A. has completed B. have completed

C. have been completed D. has been completed

【解析】 因为句中有by now， 所以用 D has been completed

【点拨2】 making it a real hit现在分词短语作结果状语

对比下列两句：

① European soccer is played in more than 80 countries， making it the most popular game.

现在分词短语作结果状语，前因后果。

② He hurried to the supermarket only to find that he didnt bring money with him.

动词不定式短语作结果状语，意料之外的结果。

选择正确答案：

① Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year，     a record $57.65 a barrel on April 4.

A. have reached    B. reaching

C. to reach  D. to be reaching

【解析】 答案为B。现在分词短语作结果状语，是一种前因后果的表达。

② The news reporters hurried to the airport， only     the film stars had left.

A. to tell    B. to be told

C. telling    D. told

【解析】 答案为B。动词不定式短语作结果状语，意料之外的结果。

4. However， the man providing the money to start the company pulled out of the project at the last minute. （P2， L14）

【点拨1】 pull out of 退出，使脱离

They were so deeply involved in the matter that they found it hard to pull out. 他们在那个问题上陷得太深，难以自拔。

【点拨2】 the last minute （重大事情发生前的） 最后一刻，紧要关头

It never occurred to them that Bob would change his mind at the last minute. 他们怎么也没想到鲍勃会在最后关头改变主意。

5. When his company finally began production and put out advertisements for his radio， demand was high and the business simply took off. （P2， L18）

【点拨1】 put out

（1） 伸出;取出;出版; 公布

Leaders are expected to put out a communiqué of recommendations Saturday. 预计，与会领导人将在周六公布相关的提议公报。

（2） 关掉，熄灭;扑灭

Put the light out before you go to bed.你睡觉之前请把灯关掉。

（3） 伸;拉出;射出;发送;放出

The doctor told him to put out his tongue.医生要他伸出舌头。

【归纳】 关于动词put的其他短语。

put短语：

put away 收拾起来，存起来;put down 记下，写下，镇压;put off 延期，推迟;put on 穿上，戴上，上演;put out 扑灭;put... into 把……译成;put up with 忍受;put up 搭起，架起，安装，住宿，张贴，盖起;put... through 接通电话;put forward提出 （要求、事实等）

6. When his company finally began production and put out advertisements for his radio， demand was high and the business simply took off.

【点拨1】 demand 名词，意思是“需求”

There is a growing demand in China for environmentally friendly cars. 中国对环保型汽车的需求越来越大。

be in great demand = be in great need

【拓展1】 demand的动词意为“要求”、“需求”，通常为及物动词，其宾语可以是名词、不定式、that 从句 （从句谓语通常为虚拟的）。

The workers also demanded higher wages. 工人们还要求提高工资。

She demanded to see the manager. 她要求见经理。

They demanded that the right to vote be given to every adult man. 他们要求每个成年人都应有选举权。

【拓展2】 demand可后接不定式，但通常不接不定式的复合结构，若意义上需要这类结构，可换成 that 从句或在 demand 后接 of。如：他要求她同我们一起去。

误：Tom demanded her to go with us.

正：Tom demanded that she （should） go with us.

正：Tom demanded of her to go with us.

【点拨2】 take off （飞机） 起飞;出去，动身，腾飞

Fortunately， nothing was found and five hours later we were able to take off again. 幸好什么也没发现，五小时后，我们又能起飞了。

He always sits on the very edge of his chair when he is working， as though about to take off. 他工作的时候，总是坐在椅子边上，好像随时都会跳起身来的样子。

His career finally took off at his forties. 他的事业在他四十岁的时候终于腾飞了。

【归纳】 take短语：

take away 拿走，使消失;take back 拿回，收回;take... for 误以为……是;take down 记下，记录;take on 雇用，呈现 （新面貌等）; take notice of 注意;take in 接纳，吸收，改小;take over接管，接替;take up 开始学，从事，占据;take a photo of 拍……照片;take the place of 取代

Unit 4

一、重点单词

1. spacious adj.

【点拨】 ① 广阔的，宽敞的 ② （知识）广博的，宽裕的 ③ 辽阔的，广褒的

We entered a spacious dining room. 我们来到一个宽敞的餐厅。

Their dinning room is very spacious. 他们的餐厅很宽敞。

[拓展]

broad， spacious， wide

（1） broad ① 宽的，广阔的 ② 广泛的 ③ 宽宏的，豁达的，指身体部位宽肩、宽背;人的观点和气量

（2） spacious 辽阔的，广褒的（经常修饰空间）

（3） wide 表示睁大眼睛、张大嘴巴，还可以作副词，表示“完全、大大地”

broad shoulders / back; with wide eyes

2. coach n.

【点拨】

1） 长途公共汽车 coach station长途汽车站

2） （普通）旅客车厢 I had to cross a number of coaches to reach the dining car.

我得穿过好几节车厢才到餐车。

3）（运动队的）教练;家庭教师

Our football team has got a very experienced coach.

我们的足球队有了一个很有经验的教练。

[拓展]

vt. 训练，指导，辅导 [（+for / in）]

He coaches people for TOEFL examinations. 他指导人准备托福考试。

3. expect

【点拨】

expect to do sth.; expect sb. / sth. to do sth.; expect sth. from sb.; expect （that）; expect a lot / too much of sb. 对某人期望过高; expect sb. home / back 期待某人回来

（1） As is expected， the whole family was shocked by the news. （正如所料……）

（2） 这栋楼预计在下个月底完工。

It is expected that the building will have been completed by next month.

The building is expected to be completed by next month.

4. mean的用法

【点拨】

mean to do 打算做……; mean doing 意味着……; mean+双宾语; mean+sb.+to do打算某人做……; had meant to do... 本打算做……（表未曾实现的愿望）

（1） To others， happiness means achieving success in something， such as meeting a goal. （M6U2 P18） 对其他人来说，幸福意味着获得成功。

（2） I didnt mean to cheat. 我本不打算作弊的。

（3） He means what he says. 他说话是当真的。

（4） 虽然她很生气，但她对你无恶意。

Although she seemed angry， she meant you no harm.

（5） 我本打算帮你学英语的，但我太忙了。

I had meant to help you with your English， but I was very busy.

二、重点短语

1. After looking through numerous brochures， I decided on the East Canada Technology University， where I chose to study Civil Engineering， which is the study of how to build things like bridges and roads. （P50， Ls1621） 翻阅了大量的小册子之后，我决定在东加拿大科技大学学习土木工程，这是一门关于如何修建诸如桥梁、道路等设施的学科。

【点拨】 look through常见的意义

① Look through a window. 透过窗户看去。

② Look through the enemys tricks. 识破敌人的种种花招。

③ look through sth.=examine or read sth. quickly. 快速检查某事物/快速阅读某物

④ Look through the papers， will you？ 请你看看那些文件好吗？

⑤ Is it helpful to look through the newspaper？ 浏览报纸有帮助吗？

She looked through / went through her notes before the midterm English examination. 她在英语期中考试前浏览了一下笔记。

[拓展] look的相关短语

1. 环视，往四周看look about / around / round; 2. look after照看;照顾; 3. look at （仔细） 察看，检查;思考，考虑，研究; 4. look back （on sth.） 回顾; 5. look down on / upon... 轻视，看不起; 6. look for寻找; 7. look forward to （doing） sth. 盼望;期待; 8. look into 朝……里面看;调查; 9. look like... 看起来像; 10. look on旁观; 11. look on / upon... as... 把……看成……; 12. look out （for sb. / sth.） 注意，提防，当心; 13. look sth. over 查看;检查; 14. look over ones shoulder 转过头来看; 15. look sb. in the eye 正视/直视某人; 16. look sb. up and down 上下打量某人; 17. look up 好转，改善; 18. look up （from sth.） 抬头看; 19. look sth. up in... （在字典或参考书中） 查阅; 20. look up to sb. 钦佩;仰慕;尊敬; 21. You dont look yourself today. 你今天气色不好。

2. Moving to Canada meant making some big adjustments to my life. Although I knew everybody has to leave their nest at some point， leaving my family was the hardest part， and some people cannot handle being away from home. （P50， L25）

【点拨1】 make some big adjustments to

Studying abroad means to the youth living on their own and making some big adjustments to their life. 到国外学习对于青少年来说就意味着独立生活，他们要对自己的生活做出一些重大的调整。

复习：使自己适应于……：

adjust oneself to / adopt oneself to...

▲Ving（动名词）做主语、宾语是高考语法项目。

① All the staff in our company are considering     to the city centre for the fashion show.

A. to go    B. going

C. to have gone   D. having gone

② Eugenes never willing to alter any of his opinions. Its no use     with him.

A. to argue    B. arguing

C. argued       D. having argued

答案：B B

【点拨2】 at some point / moment 在某个时刻

Many people suffer from failure at some point （moment） in their life. 很多人在人生的某个阶段都会遭遇失败。

at all points 在各方面;on the point of doing sth. 就要做……;in point of 就……而言;off the point 离题的;to the point 中肯/切题的;go / get / wander off the point离题，不切题;Theres no / not much point in doing... 做……没有用

【考点链接】

I have reached a point in my life     I am supposed to make decisions of my own. （2009年浙江卷）

A. which  B. where

C. how   D. why

【解析】 这道题考查的是point 后的定语从句的关系词，I am supposed to make decisions of my own at the point， 所以用where.

（对比） —Do you have anything to say for yourselves？ （2006年江西卷）

—Yes， theres one point     we must insist on.

A. why   B. where

C. how  D. /

【解析】 这道题考查的point表示观点的意思，后面从句中缺insist on的宾语，所以用which / that或省略，选D。

3. Now I am getting used to Canadian food， and believe it or not， my new favourite food is pepper steak. （P50， L44） 现在我已经习惯了加拿大的食物。不管你信不信，我现在最喜欢的食物是芥末酱牛排。

【点拨1】 短语get used to 意为“习惯于……（= be used to= be accustomed to）”，后接sth. 或doing sth.;

Youll get used to your new job. 你很快就会习惯新工作的。

【点拨2】 believe it or not信不信由你

如：Believe it or not， we have decided on having a holiday at the seaside. 信不信由你，我们决定去海边去度假。

4. Therefore， as well as advancing your education， we also have some of the best university sports in the country.

【点拨】 as well as 与动词连用时，其后可用Ving形式，此时相当于in addition to。例如：

As well as breaking his leg， he hurt his arm. 他不但摔断了腿，而且还伤了胳膊。

She sings as well as playing the piano. 她不但会弹钢琴，而且会唱歌。

【拓展1】 由as well as 连接的复合主语并不影响谓语动词的数， 由as well as 前面部分决定。例如：

Helen as well as I is eager to see the performance. 海伦和我一样急于要看演出。

【拓展2】 as well常用作状语，作“又;也”解，相当于too或also，常位于句末，无须用逗号与句子分开。如：

I am going to London and my sister is going as well （=going， too）. 我要到伦敦去，我妹妹也要去。

（作者：许秋梅，泰州市第三高级中学）