EX Unione Militare建筑翻新

地点：意大利罗马

建筑师：马希米亚诺•福克萨斯，多丽安娜•福克萨斯

面积：6,116平方米，4层楼

摄影：©Gianni Basso

SITE: Rome, at the corner between Via del Corso and Via Tomacelli

PERIOD: 2008 - 2013

ARCHITECTS: Massimiliano and Doriana Fuksas

AREA: 6,116 sq.m., 4 floors

PHOTOS: ©Gianni Basso

城市景观的新架构根据当代口味重新定义了罗马历史中心的城市景观。由钢铁和玻璃《灯笼》建造的“Ex Unione Militare”建筑，位于Via del Corso和Via Tomacelli之间，以圣安布罗斯和卡罗阿尔•科索圆顶教堂为目标，跨越四层建筑底层的全景露台。

构景要素以自然、人文为主线，交通为纽带，民俗文化为趣味点，形成主题各异、形象鲜明的旅游精品线路，造出“同饮黄河水，共赏民俗情”的主题式旅游[10]。民俗文化有着独特的文化内涵、浓烈的原始气味、厚重的历史氛围、显著的地域差距、欢愉的生活情调及丰富多彩的表现形式，对游客产生强大的吸引力和感召力。

当代历史中心的解释导致建筑的外部受到轻微干预，其原始建筑可以追溯到十九世纪，那时候建筑专注于内部和屋顶的改造。外观的改造一直专注于恢复和稳定原始建筑特色的建筑。外墙的架构一直强调要通过最小光线设计干预，当代的建筑把它运用到与城市的连接中。

大《灯笼》是项目的象征，也是干预的核心。钢铁和玻璃三角形结构，跨越整个建筑，包含垂直连接、服务和辅助房间以及植物的一部分。由“灯笼”创造的完全高度的实体引发了各种地板的结构一瞥，这些都是通过过道紧密相联系的。

《灯笼》的部分功能是在离地面最大高度的750米的屋顶上，容纳了一个面积达300平方米的全景餐厅空间。从城市的全景视角看，《灯笼》受到自然光的刺激，外观呈现出不规则的镜子状而不像冰冷的湖泊，而晚上灯笼点亮的时候，形状看起来就像一盏大灯。

到了晚上，建筑物的外墙亮起来，看起来像一个大剧院，随着气氛的变化，观众可以享受从外到内光影色彩的变幻之美。

每层楼为参观者提供了一个独特的空间，以白色地板装饰，不同大小和颜色的《泡沫》，由红色渐变到橙色乃至紫色。在一楼，开办了一个色彩斑斓、物品丰富的集市，是连接Tomacelli和相邻广场的宽广的开放空间。

福克萨斯室内设计的闪亮元素的灵感来自儿童玩具。它们类似流体雕塑，主要由玻璃纤维制成，以闪亮的白色为特征。桌子、办公桌、蒲团、陈列架，《抽陀螺》的服装和配件都被轻轻放入展区。《抽陀螺》成扇形散开，像花瓣，像艺术。椭圆形的镜子反射了内部，光线和色彩成为一个整体。《灯笼》充当一个剧院的翅膀，在每层尽情绽放。假吊灯通过一系列与地板颜色一致的灯光亮起。每一级发光玻璃楼梯的台阶，表面闪闪发亮，与内部空间相联系，交相辉映。

接下来的早期土方工程，在地窖里发现了一座阴森森的纪念碑，该纪念碑要追溯到公元前二世纪。坟墓里还有一座建筑物，由凝灰岩块和石灰华板制成，底座高度超过4.5米，建筑物认为是被部分其他物体覆盖了。Tomacelli的前部分是一个重要的细节，因为现在的街道对应的旧路线就是沿着台伯河一直到“Portus Vinarius”。为了保护和强调文物的重要性，玻璃地板的设计令游客能有幸一睹古建筑的遗迹。

A new architecture rede fines the urban landscape of Rome historic centre according to contemporary taste. It's the steel and glass «Lantern» of the "Ex Unione Militare" building, situated between Via del Corso and Via Tomacelli, that crosses the four floors of the building from the ground- floor up to the panoramic terrace with a view of the dome of the Basilica of Saint Ambrose and Carlo al Corso.

A contemporary interpretation of the historic centre has led to a minor intervention on the outside of the building, whose original construction dates back to the end of the XIX century, focusing on the renovation of the interiors and roo fing. The restoration of the outside has focused on the recovering and valorization of the original architectural features of the building. The architecture of the facades has been highlighted through a minimal light design intervention, which gives a touch of contemporary to the building whilst putting it in connection to the city.

The large «Lantern» is the symbol of the project, the heart of the intervention. A steel and glass triangular-shaped structure that crosses the entire building and contains the vertical connections, the service and accessory rooms as well as part of the plants. The full-height void created by the “Lantern”generates a glimpse along the structure of the various floors, which are interconnected through gangways.

The part of the «Lantern» functioning as roofing reaches a maximum height of 7,50 metres from the floor and accomodates a 300-square-metre panoramic restaurant space. From the panoramic viewpoints of the city, the «Lantern» hit by natural light takes on the appearance of an irregular mirror rather than an icy lake, whereas at night it lights up and takes on the shape of looks as a large lamp.

In the evening, the facades of the building light up and look like a theatre set, the atmospheres change and the audience can enjoy from the outside the internal show of lights and colours.

Each floor offers visitors a unique space characterized by white floors decorated with «bubbles» of different size and colour, ranging from red shades to orange and violet tones. The ground floor, set up as a large bazar full of colours, objects and accessories is a wide and porous open space connecting via Tomacelli to the adjacent square.

The interiors have been designed by Fuksas as shiny elements inspired by children toys. They are sculptural objects with fl uid shapes mostly made of fi berglass and characterized by a shiny white colour.Tables, desks, pouf, display racks, «spinning top» for garments and accessories that gently fitinto the exhibition areas. The «spinning top» fan out like petals like artistic installations. Oval-shaped mirrors reflect the interiors, lights and colours as a whole. The «Lantern» acts as a theatre wing that opens on each floor. The false ceilings light up through a range of colours recalling those of the floors. A stair of led-light-lit glass steps, with shiny surfaces, connects and embellishes the spaces.

Following early earthwork, a sepulchral monument dating back to the first half of the II century B.C. has been brought to light in the basement. The sepulcher has a structure made of tuff blocks and travertine slabs, with a pedestal higher than four and a half meters where the cell, which was supposed to be partially covered, rests. The front facing via Tomacelli is an important detail, since the present street corresponds to the old route leading to the “Portus Vinarius” along the Tevere. In order to preserve and highlight the relics, a glassy flooring has been devised, allowing the visitors a glimpse over the archeological remains.