蓝绿齿角芫菁异型触角的扫描电镜观察(鞘翅目，芫菁科)

李秀敏，任国栋，王新谱

(河北大学 生命科学学院，河北 保定 071002)

蓝绿齿角芫菁异型触角的扫描电镜观察(鞘翅目，芫菁科)

李秀敏，任国栋，王新谱

(河北大学 生命科学学院，河北 保定 071002)

蓝绿齿角芫菁；触角；感器；超微结构；性二型

1 材料与方法

1.1研究材料

1.2研究方法

1.2.1 样品处理及观察

将野外采集的新鲜标本置于解剖镜下取下整个触角，用超声波清洗仪处理5 min，然后在体积分数为50%～100%的乙醇溶液中逐级脱水，首先将处理好的触角样品置于超景深三维数码显微镜(VHX-100型，日本基恩氏公司)下观察触角完整形态并拍照；之后再用导电胶带将触角固定在样品台上并在干燥锅中干燥5～7 d，然后进行离子溅射处理，将镀金后的样品放在中科科仪公司KYKY-2800B型扫描电子显微镜下观察并记录.

1.2.2 感器类型鉴定

触角感器类型的鉴定参考Schneider[2]和Zacharuk[3-5]的命名系统.

2 结果与分析

2.1形态特征

a.♀性；性

2.2感器类型

2.2.1 毛形感器(trichodea sensilla，TS)

毛形感器为分布数量最多的1类感器，根据其形状变化分为5种亚类型:

1)毛形感器Ⅰ(TS1)：着生于表皮凹陷的基窝内，与触角表面形成30～60°夹角，细长，端部尖细，基部直径约7.0 μm，长为84.0～243.0 μm，主要分布于♀性触角的柄节和梗节周围(图2c)；

2.2.2 刺形感器(chaetica sensilla，CS)

其形态、着生方式同毛形感器(TS2)，但较毛形感器刚直挺立，明显长于其他感器，基部直径约3.0 μm，长约34.5 μm，稀疏分布于♀性的鞭节，数量较少(图2b).

2.2.3 指形感器(digit-like sensilla，DS)

感器直立于表皮的基窝内，形似手指，粗短，端部钝圆，根据其形状变化分为2种亚类型：

2.2.4 锥形感器(basiconica sensilla，BS)

分布数量仅次于毛形感器，根据其形状变化分为3种亚类型：

2.3两性触角及感器分布特点

a，b，c，d，e.蓝绿齿角芫菁♀性的触角扫描电镜观察； f，g，h，i，j，k，l，m，n.蓝绿齿角芫菁性的触角扫描电镜观察；TS1.毛形感器Ⅰ；TS2.毛形感器Ⅱ；TS3.毛形感器Ⅲ；TS4.毛形感器Ⅳ；TS5.毛形感器Ⅴ；CS.刺形感器；BS1.锥形感器Ⅰ；BS2.锥形感器Ⅱ；BS3.锥形感器Ⅲ；DS1.指形感器Ⅰ; DS2.指形感器Ⅱ.

3 讨论

蓝绿齿角芫菁♀性触角表面感器的分布与中华豆芫菁♀性表面有相似之处，DS(中华豆芫菁Epicautachinensis为BS)均大量出现于第3节侧缘，从该节开始渐向其他鞭节的背面蔓延，并与TS相间分布[7].其DS与松褐天牛的[6]相似，推测其具有味觉功能.其末鞭节基部的TS5较粗短，与其他部位的TS形状明显不同，密度也较大，推测其感受信息的能力应与其他TS有显著的差别.

[1]BOLOGNA M A. Coleoptera meloidae[M]. Calderini: Bologna, 1991: 162-166.

[2]SCHNEIDER D. Insect antennae[J]. Annual Review of Entomology, 1964, 9: 103-122.

[3]ZACHARUK R Y. Ultrastructure and function of insect chemosensilla[J]. Annual Review of Entomology, 1980, 25: 27-47.

[4]ZACHARUK R Y. Antennae and sensilla//KERKUT G A, GILBERT L I. Comparative insect physiology, biochemistry and pharmacology[M]. Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1985, 6:1-69.

[5]ZACHARUK R Y. Sensilla of immature insect[J]. Annual Review of Entomology, 1991, 36: 331-354.

[6]王四宝, 周弘春, 苗雪霞，等.松褐天牛触角感器电镜扫描和触角电位反应[J]. 应用生态学报, 2005, 16(2): 317-322.

WANG Sibao, ZHOU Hongchun, MIAO Xuexia, et al. Scanning electron microscopic observations ofMonochamusalternatusantennal sensilla and their electroantennographic responses[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2005, 16(2): 317-322.

[7]李秀敏, 任国栋, 王新谱. 中华豆芫菁的触角感器与类型分布[J]. 河北大学学报：自然科学版, 2009, 29(4): 421-426.

LI Xiumin, REN Guodong, WANG Xinpu. Antennal morphology and distribution of sensilia types ofEpicautachinensisLaporte[J]. Journal of Hebei University：Natural Science Edition,2009, 29(4): 421-426.

[8]LEFEBVRE F, CAUBET Y, LIMOUSIN M. Sexual dimorphism in the antennae of terrestrial isopods: a result of male contests or scramble competition[J]. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 2000, 78(11): 1987-1993.

[9]杨贵军, 雍惠莉, 王新谱. 沟眶象的生物学特性及行为观察[J]. 昆虫知识, 2008, 45(1): 65-69.

YANG Guijun, YONG Huili, WANG Xinpu. The biological characters and behavior ofEucryptorrhynchuschinensis[J]. Entomological Knowledge, 2008, 45(1): 65-69.

[10]李德家, 所雅彦, 中岛忠一. 光肩星天牛成虫交配行为机制研究[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 1999, 21(4): 33-36.

LI Dejia, MASAHIKO TOKORO, TADACAZU NACASHIMA. Mechanismof mating action ofAnoplophoraglabripennis(Motsch.)[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry Universitiy, 1999, 21(4): 33-36.

[11]阎雄飞, 孙月琴, 刘永华, 等. 光肩星天牛触角感受器的环境扫描电镜观察[J]. 昆虫知识, 2010, 46(11): 105-109.

YAN Xiongfei, SUN Yueqin, LIU Yonghua, et al. Environmental scanning electron microscopic observations of sensilla on the antennae ofAnoplophoraglabripennis[J]. Entomological Knowledge, 2010, 46(11):105-109.

[12]陆宴辉, 仝亚娟, 吴孔明.绿盲蝽触角感器的扫描电镜观察[J]. 昆虫学报, 2007, 50(8): 863-867.

LU Yanhui, TONG Yajuan, WU Kongming. Antennal sensilla of the green plant bug,Lygus lucorum Meyer-Dür (Heteroptera:Miridae) observed with scanning electron microscopy[J]. Acta Entomologica Sinica, 2007, 50(8): 863-867.

FinestructuresoftheantennalsensillafromsexuallydimorphicantennaofCerocomaschreberi(Colepotera:Meloidae)

LIXiumin，RENGuodong，WANGXinpu

(College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002,China)

There is great difference between the shape of antenna each of male and femaleCerocomaschreberiFabricius adults. The male adults have club-like antenna, while the shape of female adult’s antenna is irregular. This paper described this sexual dimorphism of the shape of the antenna ofC.schreberiFabricius adults based on the scanning electron microscopic observation and analyses. It showed that totally 11 types of sensilia, which were grouped into 4 categories, were observed, including 5 trichiform sensilla (TS), 3 chaetiform sensilla (CS), 1 digit-like sensillum (DS), 1 basiconic sensillum (BS). The BS3, TS2 and DS1 type are present in two sexes. Most of these were trichoform sensilla and digit-like sensilla. Significant difference in types, amount and distribution of sensilla was found between two sexes.

CerocomaschreberiFabricius; antenna; sensila; ultra-structure; sexual dimorphism

10.3969/j.issn.1000-1565.2013.04.013

2012-03-02

国家自然科学基金资助项目(31071956)；河北省自然科学基金资助项目(C2012201142，C2011201086)；河北省无脊椎系统学与应用重点实验室资助项目(HBIS09001)

李秀敏(1978-)，女，河北沧州人，河北大学讲师，主要从事昆虫系统学研究.E-mail:lixiumin@hbu.edu.cn

任国栋(1955-)，男，宁夏中宁人，河北大学教授，博士生导师，主要从事昆虫学研究.

E-mail:gdren@hbu.edu.cn

Q964

A

1000-1565(2013)04-0408-05

(责任编辑赵藏赏)