尹 伟, 吴培云, 梁益敏, 刘劲松, 王 刚*
(1.安徽新华学院药学院,安徽合肥 230038;2.安徽中医学院药学院现代中药安徽省重点实验室,安徽合肥 230031)
炮弹果Crescentia cujete属于紫葳科葫芦树属乔木,高6~12 m,原产于中、南美洲,西印度群岛及美国佛罗里达州的最南部,常栽培供观赏。在我国的广东 (广州),福建,台湾 (竹头角)等地也有栽培。
在以前的报道中发现,炮弹果作为一种天然植物药,其种子、花及叶子的提取物被用来治疗各种疾病,包括感冒和其他呼吸道疾病[2-4],高血压[5],毒蛇咬伤等[6],目前已从炮弹果的叶子中发现醌类[7],环烯醚萜苷,桃叶珊瑚苷,鸡蛋花苷,车叶草苷[8]等化合物,但其果肉的化学成分研究却鲜有报道。为了进一步研究炮弹果植物的化学成分,本实验对其果肉部分进行了提取分离。
四川大学科学仪器厂生产的XTC—1型显微熔点仪;日本JASCO生产的DIP—370型数字式旋光仪;瑞士Brucker公司生产Bio-Rad FTS—135型红外光谱仪,溴化钾压片;日本岛津公司生产的UV—210A型紫外光谱仪;英国Micromass公司产VG Auto—Spec—3000质谱仪测定;德国生产的Bruker AM—400 MHz和 Bruker DRX—500 MHz超导核磁共振仪;Büchi公司生产 (Büchifraction collector C—660,Büchi pump module C—605 and manager C—615);安捷伦公司生产的HPLC为Agilent 1100,Zorbax SB-C18色谱柱 (5 μm,4.6 mm ×150 mm);瑞士AmershanBiosciences公司生产的Sephadex LH-20;青岛海洋化工厂生产的柱层析硅胶GF254TLC预制板。
显色方法为254、365 nm荧光,10%硫酸乙醇溶液和硫酸香草醛溶液处理后加热显色、硫酸铜丙酮显色及碘蒸气显色。
炮弹果果肉片由越南谢氏生物科技有限公司于2007年8月提供。
炮弹果果肉片 (约3.0 kg)用95%乙醇 (5×8 L)提取,减压浓缩至无醇味,加水悬浮,分别用石油醚 (5×4 L)、乙酸乙酯 (5×4 L)和正丁醇 (5×4 L)依次萃取,减压浓缩得浸膏 (石油醚部分)11.2 g、(乙酸乙酯部分)13.2 g和 (正丁醇部分)158.4 g。乙酸乙酯部分经硅胶柱层析(三氯甲烷-甲醇梯度洗脱:100/0,98/2,95/5,90/10,80/20,50/50),得6个组分 (A~F)。
组分B(三氯甲烷-甲醇,98∶2洗脱部分),减压浓缩得深黄色的油状物,经多次硅胶柱分离[石油醚-丙酮 (9∶1→6∶4),石油醚-乙酸乙酯(8∶2→5∶5)],最后用Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱纯化 [三氯甲烷-甲醇 (1∶1)],最终得到化合物1(4.5 mg)、化合物3(5.9 mg)、化合物5(8.9 mg)。
通过TLC点板发现,组分B和组分C有很大部分的点重合,所以合并B、C,经反相硅胶柱层析分为B1和B2两个亚组分,B1经凝胶柱 [三氯甲烷-甲醇 (1∶1)]纯化和硅胶层析柱 [石油醚-乙酸乙酯 (8∶2→4∶6)]得到化合物2(12.3 mg),4(13.5 mg),8(9.5 mg),14(10.9 mg),B2经中压制备 (MPLC)(乙腈-水,40%→100%,V/V,1 mL/min)和凝胶柱 [三氯甲烷-甲醇 (1∶1)]纯化分别得到化合物9(12.3mg),13(11.2 mg),7(9.3 mg)。
将组分A、B、C三部分的母液进行合并,然后再经过硅胶柱层析 [三氯甲烷-甲醇 (9∶1→6∶4)],利用中压制备 (MPLC)(乙腈-水,40%→100%,V/V,1 mL/min)得化合物,11(11.7 mg),12(12.0 mg)。
D部分分别通过中压制备 (MPLC)(乙腈-水,40%→100%,V/V,1 mL/min)和 HPLC(乙腈-水,20%→100%,V/V)分析、HPLC(乙腈-水,30%→100%,V/V)制备得到化合物6(14.5 mg),10(15.4 mg),16(7.7 mg)。将 E、F部分合并,通过硅胶柱 [石油醚-乙酸乙酯 (6∶1→1∶1)]洗脱,Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱纯化 [三氯甲烷-甲醇 (1∶1)],得到化合物15(5.9 mg),18(15.4 mg),17(12.8 mg)。
化合物1:C9H14O3,无色油状。1H-NMR(400 MHz,CD3OD)δ:4.9(1H,m,J=7.6,1.4,1.3 Hz,H-1),3.61(2H,ddd,J=8.9,6.8 Hz,H-3),3.72(2H,ddd,J=9.0,6.0,7.6 Hz,H-4),1.93(2H,m,J=12.0,6.9,6.0,6.2 Hz,H-4'),1.84(2H,m,J=1.2,5.8,7.2,9.0 Hz,H-3'),3.01(1H,m,J=6.1,9.2,7.2,7.5 Hz,H-5),2.93(1H,m,J=7.4,6.4,7.5,1.5,1.5,1.6,1.4 Hz,H-6),5.7(1H,m,J=1.3,1.6,1.6,1.5 Hz,H-7),3.77(2H,dd,J=10.6,6.2 Hz,H-9),3.65(2H,dd,J=10.4,7.6 Hz,H-9'),4.15(2H,m,J=1.4,1.5,1.6,1.5 Hz,H-10),4.13(2H,m,J=1.4,1.3,1.7,1.1 Hz,H-10')。13CNMR(100 MHz,CD3OD)δ:88.4(C-1),68.2(C-3),28.4(C-4),44.2(C-5),49.7(C-6),150.2(C-7),126.5(C-8),62.7(C-9),60.5(C-10)。以上数据与文献 [9]报道相一致,确定为ningpogenin。
化合物2:C22H26O11,无色油状。1H-NMR(500 MHz,CD3OD)δ:5.13(d,J=5.9 Hz,H-1),6.32(dd,J=6.2,1.9 Hz,H-3),5.08(dd,J=6.1,3.7 Hz,H-4),3.03(m,H-5),5.52(m,H-6),5.88(m,H-7),3.11(br t,J=6.1 Hz,H-9),4.22(br d,J=15.5 Hz,H-10),4.70(d,J=7.7 Hz,H-1'),3.22(dd,J=9.2,7.8 Hz,H-2'),3.37(m,H-3'),3.4(obsc,H-4'),3.4(obsc,H-5'),3.88(br d,J=11.9 Hz,H-6'),7.84(2H,J=8.6 Hz,H-2″,H-6″),6.80(2H,J=8.8 Hz,H-3″,H-5″)。13C-NMR(125 MHz,CD3OD)δ:96.6(C-1),141.9(C-3),105.2(C-4),42.5(C-5),85.6(C-6),126.5(C-7),151.6(C-8),48.3(C-9),61.5(C-10),99.3(C-1'),74.5(C-2'),77.5(C-3'),71.9(C-4'),78.4(C-5'),62.5(C-6'),(122.2,(C-1″)),132.4(C-2″),116.2(C-3″),163.3(C-4″),116.1(C-5″),132.8(C-6″),168.4(CO)。以上数据与参考文献 [10]报道相一致,确定为6-O-p-hydroxybenzoylaucubin。
化合物 3:C18H18O6,黄色 粉 末。1H-NMR(400MHz,acetone-d6)δ:6.87(1H,d,J=1.7 Hz,H-2,2'),6.80(1H,d,J=8.2 Hz,H-5,5'),6.71(1H,dd,J=8.2,1.8 Hz,H-6,6'),4.60(1H,d,J=4.1 Hz,H-7,7'),3.02(1H,m,H-8,8'),3.78(1H,dd,J=8.8,6.8 Hz,H-9a,9a'),4.14(1H,dd,J=8.8,6.8 Hz,H-9b,9b')。13CNMR(100 MHz,acetone-d6)δ:134.2(s,C-1),114.2(d,C-2),145.0(s,C-3),145.7(s,C-4),115.7(d,C-5),118.5(d,C-6),86.4(d,C-7),54.9(d,C-8),71.8(t,C-9),134.2(s,C-1'),114.2(d,C-2'),145.3(s,C-3'),145.7(s,C-4'),115.9(d,C-5'),118.5(d,C-6'),86.4(d,C-7'),54.8(d,C-8'),72.0(t,C-9');EI-MSm/z(%):330[M]+(33),299(11),191(17),149(42),137(100)。以上数据与参考文献 [11]报道相一致,确定为3,3'-Bisdemethylpinoresinol。
化合物4:无色针晶,C28H46O,EI-MSm/z(%):398[M]+(17),383[M-CH3]+(15),273(20),271(100),255(37)。1H-NMR(CDCl3,400 MHz)δ:3.56(1H,m,H-3),0.54(3H,s,H-18),0.78(3H,s,H-19),5.19(2H,m,H-22,23),0.82(3H,d,J=6.6 Hz,H-27),0.92(3H,d,J=6.1 Hz,H-28),0.97(3H,d,J=6.7 Hz,H-21)。13C-NMR(CDCl3,100 MHz)δ:37.2(C-1),31.5(C-2),71.1(C-3),38.1(C-4),40.2(C-5),29.7(C-6),117.5(C-7),139.7(C-8),49.5(C-9),34.2(C-10),21.6(C-11),39.5(C-12),43.4(C-13),55.2(C-14),22.8(C-15),28.2(C-16),56.1(C-17),12.4(C-18),13.0(C-19),40.6(C-20),21.2(C-21),135.6(C-22),131.5(C-23),42.8(C-24),33.3(C-25),19.6(C-26),19.6(C-27),17.8(C-28)。以上数据与文献 [12]报道相一致,确定为 (22E,24R)-Ergosta-7,22-dien-3β-ol。
化合物5:浅黄色晶体,C28H40O,mp 122~114 ℃,IR(KBr,cm-1):2982,1676,1590,1270,1221,964。EI-MSm/z:392[M]+(25),377(2),349(2),268(26)。1H-NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3)δ:0.78(3H,d,J=6.6 Hz,H-26),0.82(3H,d,J=6.8 Hz,H-27),0.91(3H,d,J=6.8 Hz,H-28),0.93(3H,s,H-18),0.97(3H,m,H-19),1.03(3H,d,J=6.6 Hz,H-21),1.21 ~2.53(18H,m,steroid necleus),5.18(1H,dd,J=15.2,7.2 Hz,H-22),5.24(1H,dd,J=15.2,7.2 Hz,H-23),5.70(1H,s,H-4),6.00(1H,d,J=9.4 Hz,H-6),6.58(1H,d,J=9.4 Hz,H-7)。13C-NMR(100 MHz,CDCl3)δ:34.7(t,C-1),19.8(t,C-2),199.9(s,C-3),123.6(d,C-4),164.4(s,C-5),124.4(d,C-6),133.6(d,C-7),124.7(s,C-8),44.4(d,C-9),36.6(s,C-10),25.9(t,C-11),34.2(t,C-12),44.0(s,C-13),156.0(s,C-14),35.7(t,C-15),27.6(t,C-16),55.7(d,C-17),16.7(q,C-18),18.6(q,C-19),39.2(d,C-20),21.4(q,C-21),135.0(d,C-22),132.6(d,C-23),42.8(d,C-24),33.3(d,C-25),19.6(q,C-26),20.0(q,C-27),17.8(q,C-28)。以上数据与文献 [13]报道相一致,确定为麦角甾-4,6,8(14),22-四烯-3-酮。
化合物6:C28H46O3,无色针晶;mp 253~255℃。1H-NMR(C5D5N,400 MHz)δ:5.74(1H,s,H-7),5.24(1H,dd,J=15.3,7.4 Hz,H-23),5.16(1H,dd,J=15.3,8.3 Hz,H-22),4.84(1H,m,H-3),4.32(1H,br.d,J=4.8 Hz,H-6),1.52(3H,s,H-19),1.07(3H,d,J=6.4 Hz,H-21),0.94(3H,d,J=6.8 Hz,H-28),0.85(3H,d,J=6.7 Hz,H-27),0.84(3H,d,J=6.7 Hz,H-26),0.67(3 H,s,H-18)。13C-NMR(C5D5N,100 MHz)δ:33.8(C-1),32.6(C-2),67.6(C-3),42.0(C-4),76.5(C-5),74.3(C-6),120.5(C-7),141.6(C-8),43.8(C-9),38.1(C-10),22.4(C-11),40.1(C-12),43.9(C-13),55.2(C-14),23.5(C-15),28.2(C-16),56.5(C-17),12.3(C-18),18.8(C-19),40.7(C-20),21.4(C-21),136.2(C-22),132.5(C-23),43.0(C-24),33.1(C-25),19.9(C-26),20.1(C-27),17.6(C-28);EI-MSm/z(%):430[M]+,412[M-H2O]+(35),394[M-2H2O]+(37),379(65),376[M-3H2O]+(15),269(33),251(62),69(100)。以上数据与文献 [14]报道相一致,确定为麦角甾-7,22-二烯-3β,5α,6β-三醇。
化合物7:无色针晶,C28H44O3,mp 177~178℃,[α]20D-34(c=0.6,CDCl3);IR(KBr)(cm-1):3522,3304,2958,2875,1655,1457,1376。EI-MSm/z(%):428[M]+(10),410(4),396(100),363(35),271(7),251(14)。1H-NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3)δ:6.48(1H,d,J=8.6 Hz,H-6),6.24(1H,d,J=8.6 Hz,H-7),5.21(1H,dd,J=7.7,7.6 Hz,H-23),5.14(1H,dd,J=7.4 Hz,H-22),3.95(1H,m,H-3),2.08-1.48(20H,m,steroid necleus),0.97(3H,d,J=6.5 Hz,H-21),0.89(3H,d,J=6.7 Hz,H-28),0.87(3H,s,H-19),0.82(3H,s,H-18),0.8 6(3H,d,J=3.5 Hz,H-26),0.78(3H,d,J=3.5 Hz,H-27)。13C-NMR(100 MHz,CD Cl3)δ:34.9(t,C-1),30.5(t,C-2),66.7(d,C-3),37.3(t,C-4),82.6(s,C-5),135.8(d,C-6),130.7(d,C-7),79.4(s,C-8),51.6(d,C-9),37.0(s,C-10),23.8(t,C-11),39.3(t,C-12),44.9(s,C-13),51.8(d,C-14),20.6(t,C-15),28.6(t,C-16),56.9(d,C-17),12.9(q,C-18),18.2(q,C-19),39.7(d,C-20),20.9(q,C-21),135.5(d,C-22),132.3(d,C-23),42.5(d,C-24),33.3(d,C-25),19.5(q,C-26),19.1(q,C-27),17.7(q,C-28)。以上数据与文献 [15]报道相一致,确定为5α,8α-epidiory-(22E,24R)-ergosta-6,22-dien-3β-ol。
化合物8:C29H50O,白色针晶。1H-NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3)δ:5.32(1H,brd,J=5.1 Hz,H-6),3.50(1H,m,H-3),0.66(3H,s,H-18),1.00(3H,s,H-19),0.92(3H,d,J=8.0 Hz,H-21),0.82(3H,d,J=7.6 Hz,H-26),0.80(3 H,d,J=7.6 Hz,H-27),0.83(3 H,t,J=8.0 Hz,H-29)。13C-NMR(100 MHz,CDCl3)δ:37.3(t,C-1),31.7(t,C-2),71.8(d,C-3),42.4(t,C-4),140.8(s,C-5),121.7(d,C-6),32.0(t,C-7),32.1(d,C-8),50.2(d,C-9),36.6(s,C-10),21.1(t,C-11),39.9(t,C-12),42.4(s,C-13),56.8(d,C-14),24.3(t,C-15),28.3(t,C-16),56.2(d,C-17),11.9(q,C-18),19.1(q,C-19),36.2(d,C-20),18.8(q,C-21),34.0(t,C-22),26.3(t,C-23),46.0(d,C-24),29.3(d,C-25),19.8(q,C-26),19.4(q,C-27),23.2(t,C-28),12.0(q,C-29)。EI-MSm/z(%):414[M]+(100),396(59),381(44),329(51),303(60),273(40),255(40),231(21),213(41),173(23),159(41),145(50),119(42),105(49),95(55),69(53),57(67),43(90)。以上数据与文献 [18]报道相一致,确定为β-sitosterol。
化合物9:C35H60O6,无定型粉末。13C-NMR(125MHz,C5D5N:DMSO=1 ∶1)δ:37.5(t,C-1),30.4(t,C-2),78.1(d,C-3),40.1(t,C-4),141.2(s,C-5),121.8(d,C-6),32.3(t,C-7),32.2(d,C-8),50.5(d,C-9),37.1(s,C-10),21.4(t,C-11),39.4(t,C-12),42.5(s,C-13),56.8(d,C-14),24.7(t,C-15),28.3(t,C-16),56.0(d,C-17),12.0(q,C-18),19.9(q,C-19),36.5(d,C-20),19.4(q,C-21),34.3(t,C-22),26.4(t,C-23),46.2(d,C-24),29.7(d,C-25),19.3(q,C-26),20.1(q,C-27),23.2(t,C-28),12.2(q,C-29),102.1(d,C-1'),74.1(d,C-2'),78.1(d,C-3'/5'),71.5(d,C-4'),62.5(t,C-6')。EI-MS:414(M+agl,6),396(92),381(11),296(25),255(22)。上述数据与文献[17]报道相一致。确定为胡萝卜苷。
化合物 10:C28H44O4,1H-NMR(500 MHz,C5D5N)δ:4.63(1H,m,H-3),2.84(1H,m,H-4α),5.92(1H,br.s,H-7),2.97(1H,br.t,J=8.7 Hz,H-14),0.65(3H,s,H-18),1.16(3H,s,H-19),1.07(3H,d,J=6.5 Hz,H-21),5.20(1H,dd,J=15.2,8.4 Hz,H-22),5.27(1H,dd,J=15.3,7.9 Hz,H-23),0.86(3H,d,J=7.1 Hz,H-26),0.86(3H,d,J=6.7 Hz,H-27),0.99(3H,d,J=6.9 Hz,H-28),8.57(1H,s,OH-5),6.31(1H,br.s,OH-9)。13C-NMR(125 MHz,C5D5N)δ:26.5(t,C-1),31.7(t,C-2),66.7(d,C-3),38.4(t,C-4),79.8(s,C-5),199.2(s,C-6),120.3(d,C-7),164.2(s,C-8),75.4(s,C-9),42.3(s,C-10),29.2(t,C-11),35.5(t,C-12),45.4(s,C-13),52.2(d,C-14),22.8(t,C-15),28.3(t,C-16),56.2(d,C-17),12.5(q,C-18),20.3(q,C-19),40.7(d,C-20),21.3(q,C-21),136.3(d,C-22),132.4(d,C-23),43.3(d,C-24),33.3(d,C-25),19.9(q,C-26),20.4(q,C-27),17.8(q,C-28)。上述数据与文献 [18-19]报道相一致,确定为 3β,5α,9α-三羟基-麦角甾-7,22-二烯-6-酮。
化合物11:C28H44O,无色针晶,1H-NMR(500 MHz,CDCl3)δ:0.57(3H,s,H-18),0.82(3H,d,J=6.5 Hz,H-26),0.83(3H,d,J=6.5 Hz,H-27),0.91(3H,d,J=6.8 Hz,H-28),1.01(3H,s,H-19),1.02(3H,d,J=6.6 Hz,H-21),5.16(1H,dd,J=15.3,7.6 Hz,H-22),5.17(1H,m,H-7),5.22(1H,dd,J=15.3,7.1 Hz,H-23)。13C-NMR(125 MHz,CDCl3)δ:38.7(t,C-1),38.1(t,C-2),212.0(s,C-3),44.2(t,C-4),42.8(d,C-5),30.0(t,C-6),117.0(d,C-7),139.5(s,C-8),48.8(d,C-9),34.4(s,C-10),21.7(t,C-11),39.3(t,C-12),43.2(s,C-13),55.0(d,C-14),22.9(t,C-15),28.1(t,C-16),55.9(d,C-17),12.1(q,C-18),12.4(q,C-19),40.5(d,C-20),21.1(q,C-21),135.6(d,C-22),131.9(d,C-23),42.8(d,C-24),33.1(d,C-25),19.6(q,C-26),19.9(q,C-27),17.6(q,C-28)。EI-MS:396(M+,5),381(2),353(3),298(13),271(30),269(87),244(16),229(25),213(16)。上述数据与文献[20]报道相一致,确定为麦角甾-7,22-二烯-3-酮。
化合物12:无色油状,IR(KBr)νmax3 440,1 720,1 232 cm-1,1H-NMR(500 Mz,CDCl3)δ:0.82(3H,s,H-13),0.86(3H,s,H-14),0.95(3H,s,H-15),1.66(3H,br s,H-12),2.10(3H,s,OAc),3.27(1H,dd,J=10.5 Hz,5.4 Hz,H-3),4.31(1H,dd,J=12.4,6.0 Hz,H-111),4.30(1H,dd,J=10.1,3.3Hz,H-11),5.7(1H,m,H-7)。上述数据与文献 [21]报道相一致,确定为3β-hydroxy-11-acetldrimene。
化合物13:C7H6O3,浅黄色晶体,1H-NMR(500 MHz,CD3OD)δ:7.80(1H,d,J=8.4 Hz,H-2,H-6),6.81(1H,d,J=8.4 Hz,H-3,H-5),5.00(1H,br s, OH)。13C-NMR(125 MHz,CD3OD)δ:122.6(s,C-1),133.0(d,C-2,C-6),116.0(d,C-3,C-5),163.3(s,C-4),170.3(s,COOH)。EI-MS:138(M+,94),121(100),93(24),65(8)。以上数据与文献 [22]报道相一致,确定为对羟基苯甲酸。
化合物14:C7H6O2,白色固体,1H-NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3)δ:8.5(1H,d,J=8.4 Hz,H-2,H-6),7.7(1H,d,J=8.4 Hz,H-3,H-5),7.6(1H,m,H-4)。13C-NMR(100 MHz,CDCl3)δ:172.4(s,COOH),133.5(d,C-3,C-5),129.8(d,C-2,C-6),131.3(m,C-1),134.0(s,C-4)。以上数据与文献 [23]报道相一致,确定为苯甲酸。
化合物15:无色结晶,1H-NMR(400 MHz,CD3OD)δ:3.67(2H,t,J=7.2 Hz,H-8),2.70(2H,t,J=7.2 Hz,H-7),6.69(2H,d,J=8.3 Hz,H-2,H-6),7.02(2H,d,J=8.3 Hz,H-3,H-5);13C-NMR(100 MHz,CD3OD)δ:64.6(t,C-8),39.4(t,C-7),133.3(s,C-1),130.8(d,C-2,C-6),116.1(d,C-3,C-5),156.7(s,C-4)。EI-MSm/z(%):138[M]+(28),107(100),77(14)。以上数据与文献 [24]报道相一致,确定为对羟基苯乙醇。
化 合 物 16:C7H8O2,1H-NMR(400MHz,CD3COCD3)δ:7.11(1H,d,J=8.1 Hz,H-2,H-6),6.76(1H,d,J=8.1 Hz,H-3,H-5),3.49(2H,br s,H-7)。13C-NMR(100 MHz,CD3COCD3)δ:157.0(C-1),131.2(C-2,C-6),126.4(C-3,C-5),137.4(C-4),67.6(C-7)。以上数据与文献[23]报道相一致,确定为对羟基苯甲醇。
化合物 17:C6H14O6,无色针晶,1H-NMR(D2O,400 MHz)δ:3.50(2H,dd,J=11.8Hz,J=6.0 Hz,H-1a,H-6a),3.60(4H,m,H-2,H-3,H-4,H-5),3.70(2H,dd,J=11.8 Hz,J=2.5 Hz,H-1b,H-6b)。13C-NMR(D2O,100 MHz)δ:66.0(t,C-1,C-6),72.0(d,C-2,C-5),73.5(d,C-3,C-4)。EI-MSm/z(%):182[M]+。以上数据与文献 [24]报道相一致,确定为D-allitol。
化合物18:C6H6O3,淡黄色油状物,1H-NMR(400 MHz,acetone-d6)δ:6.52(1H,d,J=3.4 Hz,H-3),7.26(1H,d,J=3.4 Hz,H-4),9.56(1H,s,-CHO),4.72(2H,s,-CH2OH)。13C-NMR(100 MHz,acetone-d6)δ:162.8(s,C-2),110.1(d,C-3),123.4(d,C-4),153.5(s,C-5),177.6(s,C-6),57.9(t,C-7)。以上数据与文献 [26]报道相一致,确定为5-Hydroxymethyl-2-furancarboxaldehyde。
[1]Bass J J.A pattern documented from some settlements in nearby Belize[J].Lat Am Geogr,2004,3(1):67-80.
[2]Bentacur-Galvis L A,Saez H,Granados A.The synthesis of the glycosides fromScrophularia ningpoensis[J].Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz,1999,94:531-537.
[3]Berry M V.Exploring the potential contributions of amerindians to west Indian folk medicine[J]Southeastern Geographer,2005,45(2):239-250.
[4]Heinrich M,Ankli A,Frei B.Medicinal plants in Mexico:healers'consensus and cultural importance[J].Soc Sci Med,1998,47(11):1859-1971.
[5]Lans C A.Ethnomedicines used in Trinidad and Tobago for urinary problems and diabetes mellitus[J].J Ethnobiol Ethnomed,2006,2:45-51.
[6]Otero R,Núñez V,Barona J.Neutralization of theedema-forming,defibrinating and coagulanteffects ofBothrops aspervenom by extracts of plants used by healers in Colombia[J].J Ethnopharmacol,2000,73:233-241.
[7]Heltzel C E,Gunatilaka A L,Glass T E.A novel fused ring system fromCrescentiacujete[J].Tetrahedron,1993,49:6757-6762.
[8]Agaiwal K,Popli S P.The constituents ofCrescentia cujeteleaves[J].Fitoterapia,1992,63(5):476-482.
[9]Qian J,Hunkler D,Rimpler H.Iridoid-related aglycone and its glycosides fromScrophularia ningpoensis[J].Phytochemistry,1992,31:905-911.
[10]Jensen S R,Gotfredsen C H,Grayer R J.Unusual iridoid glycosides inVeronicasects,HebeandLabiatoides[J].Biochem Syst Ecol,2008,36(3):207-215.
[11]Kamiya K,Tanaka Y,Endang H.Chemical constituents ofMorinda citrifoliafruits inhibit copper-induced low-density lipoprotein oxidation[J].Agric Food Chem,2004,52(19):5843-5848.
[12]Lindsay H B,Cambie R C,Couch R A F.Lirioresinol-C dimethyl ether,a diaxially substituted 3,7-dioxabicyclo[3,3,0]octane lignan fromMacropiper excelsum(Forst.f.)Miq[J].J Chem Soc,1968,3042-3045.
[13]Lu W,Adachi I,Kano K,et al.Platelet aggregation potentiators from Cho-Rei[J].Chem Pharm Bul, 1985, 33(11):5083-5087.
[14]Gao Jianming,Dong Zejun,Liu Jikai.A new ceramide from the BasidiomyceteRussula cyanoxantha[J].Lipid,2001,36(2):175-180.
[15]Gao Jianming,Liu Jikai.A novel sterol from Chinese trufflesTuberindicum[J].Steroids,2001,66:771-775.
[16]Ishizuka T,Yaoita Y,Kikuchi M.Sterols from sarcocarp bodies ofGrifola frondosa[J].Chem Pharm Bull,1997,45:1756-1760.
[17]黎胜红.三种红豆杉科植物、穗花牡荆和旱生香茶菜的化学及生理活性成分研究[D].昆明:中国科学院昆明植物研究所,2001.
[18]Iribarren A M,Pomilio A B.Components of Bauhinia candicans[J].J Nat Prod,1983,46:752-753.
[19]Kawagishi H,Katsumi R,Sazawa T.Cytotoxic steroids from the mushroomAgaricus blazei[J].Phytochemistry,1988,27:2777-2779.
[20]Yaoita Y,Amemiya K,Ohnuma H.Sterolconstituents from five edible mushrooms[J].Chem Pharm Bull,1998,46:944-950.
[21]Rösecke J,König W A.Constituents of various wood-rotting Basidiomycetes[J].Phytochemisry,2000,54:603-610.
[22]Ramirez H E,Cortes M M,Agosin E.Prognostic implications of initial oropharyngeal bacterial flora in[J].J Nat Prod,1993,56:762-764.
[23]王 飞.绿盖粉孢牛肝菌等10种高等真菌的化学成分[D].昆明:中国科学院昆明植物研究所,2009.
[24]Gao Jianming,Dong Zejun,Liu Jikai.Constituents of the basidiomycetesRussula cyanoxantha[J].Acta Bot Yunnan,2000,22(1):85-89.
[25]苑艳光,王录全.刺五加茎的化学成分[J].沈阳药科大学学报.2002,19(5):325-327.
[26]杨小龙.六种高等真菌和两种药用植物的化学成分研究[D].昆明:中国科学院昆明植物研究所,2009.