八年级下Ｕｎｉｔｓ１—５同步误用评析

杨苗苗

Unit 1

1.probably她大概会谅解你，并设法帮助你。

误：She probably will understand and try to help you.

正：She will probably understand and try to help you.

析：probably“或许、大概、可能”，表示把握性很大的事情，可位于句首或位于系动词/助动词/情态动词之后，行为动词之前。

2.less/fewer她花在读课文上的时间比我少。

误：She spent fewer time reading the text than I did.

正：She spent less time reading the text than I did.

析：fewer和less都是比较级，表示“更少、较少”，但fewer只可修饰可数名词，修饰不可数名词用less。

3.be able to癌症使他活不了多久。

误：He cannot be able to live long for his cancer.

正：He was not able to live long for his cancer.

析：be able to do sth.其否定形式为 be not able to do sth.在英语中没有cannot be able to do这个结构。

4.even妻子很生气，甚至叫我滚出去。

误：My wife got very angry even she told me to get out of the house.

正：My wife got very angry, and she even told me to get out of the

house.

析：even作副词，可用于表示意外的词语前加强语气，但不能连接句子，一般位于行为动词之前或系动词/助动词/情态动词之后。

5.seem我好像感冒了。

误：I look like have caught a cold.

正：I seem to have caught a cold.

析：seem是说话人心里的感觉“好像、似乎”，后一般接形容词/动词不定式/从句。look like着重表示由视觉得出的印象，后面一般接名词/动名词，但不能接动词不定式。

6.impossible这不可能，是吗？

误：It is impossible, is it?

正：It is impossible, isnt it?

析：若陈述部分含有否定前缀如：im-, un-, in-, dis-等派生词，仍作为肯定结构，因此附加疑问句用否定式。

Unit 2

7.surprise他的去世令我们很吃惊。

误：His death was surprising to us all.

正：His death surprised us all.

析：surprise是及物动词，表示“令……吃惊”，可以直接跟宾语。

8.either这儿有两枝钢笔，使哪个都可以。

误：Here are two pens; you may use any of them.

正：Here are two pens; you may use either of them.

析：any指三者或三者以上之中的任一个，either指两者中的任一个。

9.complain她对食品大为不满。

误：She complained the food.

正：She complained about(of) the food.

析：complain作“抱怨”讲时，是不及物动词，其后可以接about或of，表示“抱怨……”。

10.fail姐姐没有准时到达。

误：My sister failed arriving on time.

正：My sister failed to arrive on time.

析：fail to do sth.表示“没有做某事、没有能够做某事”，fail后不可接动名词。

11.fit你妈妈适合这项新工作吗？

误：Does your mother fit the new job?

正：Does the new job fit your mother?

析：fit作“适合”讲时，主语通常是物。

12.send她去度假时会寄给你贺卡的。

误：She will send a postcard for you while she is away on holiday.

正：She will send a postcard to you while she is away on holiday.

正：She will send you a postcard while she is away on holiday.

析：send“发送（电报等）、寄（信、包裹等）”为及物动词，当send接双宾语时，间接宾语用介词to引出，不用for，也可省略介词用send sb. sth.。

Unit 3

13.experience我在上海期间有许多有趣的经历。

误：I had a lot of interesting experience during my stay in Shanghai.

正：I had a lot of interesting experiences during my stay in Shanghai.

析：experience作“经历”解时，是可数名词，作“经验”解时为不可数名词，没有复数形式。

14.while听到这个消息，他们高兴得跳起来。

误：While they heard the news they jumped with joy.

正：When they heard the news they jumped with joy.

析：连接词while连接延续性动词（进行状态）， hear是一个瞬间动词，故只能用when（当……时候）连接。

15.anywhere你想去哪儿就可以去哪儿。

误：You can go to anywhere you like.

正：You can go anywhere you like.

析：anywhere “任何地方、某地”是副词，因此其前不可加介词to，in等。

16.follow我将跟随他进公园。

误：I shall follow him to go into the park.

正：I shall follow him into the park.

析：follow him into the park跟着他进公园，误句中follow后再加to go意思上就重复了。

17.jump当火车正在移动时，他跳了下来。

误：He jumped off from the train when it was moving.

正：He jumped off the train when it was moving.

析：跳离是jump off，off是介词，其后可直接接宾语，无需再加from。

18.shout不要对我大喊大叫！

误：Dont shout to me!

正：Dont shout at me!

析：shout at“冲……吼叫”，含有气愤的意思，主语往往带有恶意的目的。shout to“对着……喊叫”，是中性短语，只是陈述一个事实，不含感情色彩。

19.kill她要杀死那名盗贼，但他没死，逃掉了。

误：She killed the robber, but he didnt die and ran away.

正：She tried to kill the robber, but he didnt die and ran away.

析：kill的意思是put to death，一旦kill就没有生命了，误句中的意思前后矛盾，既然没杀死，只能用try to kill（试图杀死）。

Unit 4

20.suppose我想他不会出席这个会议。

误：I suppose that he will not attend the meeting.

正：I dont suppose that he will attend the meeting.

析：若含宾语从句的复合句，主句含有I suppose/think/believe/guess时，从句的否定意义应在主句上变化，从句无需变化。

21.ever他们曾经在同一所学校读书。

误：They ever studied in the same school.

正：They once studied in the same school.

析：表示“曾经”，在肯定句中用once，在疑问句/否定句/条件句中用ever。

22.copy她把这些单词抄写到自己的书上了。

误：She copied up the words into her book.

正：She copied down the words into her book.

析：copy作“抄写”时，后跟介词 down，不是up。

23.own我亲眼看见的。

误：I saw it with own eyes.

正：I saw it with my own eyes.

析：own不能单独使用，只能用在所有格的后面，加强语气。

24.danger这位女孩有双目失明的危险。

误：The girl is in a danger of becoming blind.

误：The girl is in the danger of becoming blind.

正：The girl is in danger of becoming blind.

析：in danger of意思是“处于……危险之中”，其中danger前不用a/the修饰。

Unit 5

25.against全世界人民都反对美帝国主义。

误：People all over the world against U.S. imperialism.

正：People all over the world are against U.S. imperialism.

析：against“反对”是介词，误句中误用作动词了。

26.chance我有到巴黎访问的机会。

误：I have the chance visit Paris.

正：I have the chance of visiting Paris.

析：chance “机会”，后可接to do sth.或of doing sth.或for sth.,不可直接接动词。

27.explain她给我们解释了这一理论。

误：She explained us the theory.

正：She explained the theory to us.

析：explain sth. to sb.“给某人解释某事”，explain后不可接双宾语。

28.tonight今晚我将见她。

误：I shall meet her this night.

正：I shall meet her tonight.

析：今晚用tonight或this evening，不说this night。

29.improve我想让你把那件作品改得更好些。

误：I want you to improve in that piece of work.

正：I want you to improve on that piece of work.

析：improve作及物动词“改善、改进”，当表示“做出比……更好的东西”，用improve on…，此时improve是不及物动词。