Skills of Writing

同学们，经过一个学期的英语学习，你的书面表达能力提升了吗？来看看自己有没有掌握下列升格小技巧吧。

[学会审题]

在动笔之前，要先审题。从体裁（记叙文、议论文、说明文、应用文等）、人称、时态语态、段落安排（开头、主体、结尾）去分析，去构思。

[围绕要点]

写作文时，一定要紧紧围绕所给要点、材料或图画，不要偏题。如果“文不对题”，写得再多也是废话，英语评分标准中最重要的一点就是“要点齐全”，同学们一定要根据要点遣词造句。

[选择句型]

要注意长短句的结合，合理使用复合句、并列句或名言、谚语，为文章增色。

[安排段落]

所写文章要合理安排段落，多数采用总—分—总结构，开头一段先总引出话题，中间一段或两段详细进行叙述，最后一段要进行总结或提出希望。每一段的开头或最后一句又可以对本段进行概括（叫作本段的主题句）。

[过渡自然]

英语作文评分标准中还有一条是要“语言连贯，条理清楚”。所以，要合理使用一些关联词、插入语，如：in my opinion， besides， whats more等。

[写后检查]

写完后要认真检查，看看有无拼写错误，还要避免语法和词汇错误。

此外，还有几个小建议：

1.学会鉴赏范文，取长补短。看看范文是怎么构思、怎么遣词造句、怎么安排段落、怎么写开头结尾、怎么过渡的。平时也要多看、多分析、多背诵优秀作文。

2.坚持写日记、周记。要保证每周至少写一篇英语作文，坚持不懈，养成良好的写作习惯。这样，同学们的英语表达能力、英语综合运用能力自然而然也就提升了。

3.作文写好了，可与同学互改，改别人的作文也是一种很好的训练。作文写好了，同学改过还要交给老师点评，知道自己好在什么地方、哪些地方还需要改进，这样进步就更大了。

下面，让我们再来练下笔吧。

假如你是七年级学生李刚，英文名叫John。英国交换生Tom将于下学期到你校学习。为提前适应中国生活，他将于今年寒假提前到达中国并借住在你家，和你共度寒假。请根据以下要点，用英语写一封信向其介绍自己以及寒假计划，表达对Tom的欢迎。

Dear Tom，

I am John. Im very glad to learn that you will live with me in the winter holiday.

Im strong and tall. I like playing basketball very much. I am a member of our school basketball team. I always play basketball for an hour a day. In my free time， I love listening to music.

I have a plan for the winter holiday. At first， we will study. You need to master Chinese. And I must learn more English words. Next， we will have a good lifestyle. We will get up at 7：30. For breakfast， we will have milk and bread. We will have some fish and vegetables for lunch and dinner. And we shouldnt have too many cakes or sweet. At last， the Spring Festival is coming. We will get new clothes and red packets from my parents. We will have a party to celebrate the Spring Festival.

Last but not least， I hope we will have a good time.

Best Wishes！

Yours

John

此處可以适当补充听音乐的好处，可以使语言更自然、丰富。

at  first，at last用词不当，英语中表示顺序的词常为first，next，last等。

关于春节的庆祝活动，可以用更生动的语言表达出对春节的喜爱和期盼之情，如可以写一写演出、燃放烟花、走亲访友等庆祝活动。

表达hope的部分，内容还可以再丰富些，更好地表达出希望两人能够度过一个愉快的寒假的心情。

信的结尾可以加上“Im looking forward to seeing you”之类的句子，以表明对交换生到来的期盼。

Dear Tom，

I am John. Im very glad to learn that you will live with me in the winter holiday.

Im strong and tall. I like playing basketball very much， so I always play basketball for an hour a day. Now I am a member of our school basketball team. In my free time， I also love listening to music because it can help me relax after a busy day.

I want to share my plan for the winter holiday with you. As students， study must come first. So you need to master Chinese while I must learn more English. Next， it is important for us to have a good lifestyle. Every day， we can get up early to do exercise together. I also plan to eat more fruit and vegetables to keep healthy. Last， the most important thing is to celebrate the Spring Festival. We will have a lot of fun， like wearing new clothes and getting red packets. I am sure you will also enjoy letting off fireworks and visiting relatives with us.

I hope you will spend a wonderful winter holiday in China and we will enjoy ourselves.

I am looking forward to seeing you soon！ I cant wait！

Yours

John

（江蘇省泰州市汪群初级中学 刘芸汐）

本文是一篇写给交换生的书信作文，文章的语言表达符合书信的写作要求，全文思路结构清晰，层次分明。进行自我介绍时，小作者使用了so， because之类的关联词，使文章衔接更自然。介绍寒假计划时使用“I want to share my plan for the winter holiday with you”一句引出整个寒假计划。接着使用first...next...last将寒假安排娓娓道来，宛如行云流水，整篇文章一气呵成。升格作文中增加了一些细节描写和表达情感的句子 ，使文章语言更加灵动，字里行间充满了对寒假生活的期盼。