交际性应用文读写指南——以建议信为例

广东 王雪云

文体导读

交际性应用文是指用于实际交流和应用场景的英语写作形式，它主要用于涉及商务、教育等领域的日常沟通。交际性应用文的特点是直接、简洁，具有实用性和明确的目的性。常见的交际性应用文包括倡议书、道歉信、建议信等。这些应用文要求表达清楚，符合交际礼仪，以便有效地传递信息，达成交流目的。以下以建议信为例，归纳该类型语篇的文体特征。

策略导航

1.巧用审读卡，梳理读写维度

审读卡是一种有助于高效阅读的工具，可以帮助我们系统地审查和分析英语建议信的不同要素。在建议信的读写过程中，我们可以借助审读卡，从而高效完成读写活动。

建议信读写活动审读视角

___审读视角_____标题_____作者__________________体裁__________________关系语体目的_____要点段落结构和____过渡词审读意图______________________________迅速理解信件的主题__________________________________________________了解写信人的身份和背景______________________________________________分析文章体裁，如倡议书、道歉信、建议信等，不同的体裁要使用不同的语言___了解写信人和信件目标读者的身份和背景，确定双方的关系_________________为达成写作目的，写信人应采用恰当的语体，如正式语体、非正式语体、学术语_______________体、文学语体、商务语体等分析写信人写建议信的目的以及为了达到目的而采用的语篇结构、语言风格_______________及其他写作特色信件应涵盖实现交际目的所包含的全部信息，检查要点是否齐备_____________关注每个段落的开头和结尾以及过渡词，理解作者的逻辑和组织信息的方式________________________________________________________________

2.巧用彩色笔，做好读书笔记

借助彩色笔对文本中的不同部分进行标注。比如：用紫色笔标注与写作目的相关的句子，用绿色笔标注与介绍和建议内容相关的句子，用红色笔标注与细节支撑相关的句子，用黄色笔标注表示期待答复的句子。写作时，根据标注的情况进行仿写。

素材导背

开篇点题陈述问题或需求提出建议I am writing to suggest...我写信是想建议……I would like to offer a suggestion...我想提出一个建议……_______________May I make a suggestion regarding...?我能对……提出一个建议吗？Could you kindly consider...?您是否可以考虑……？I believe it would be advantageous to...我相信……将会是有利的。Is there a possibility of...?是否有可能……？It would be greatly appreciated if...如果……，将不胜感激。_______________I would like to request that...我想请求……It would be beneficial/helpful if...如果……将会有益处/有帮助。It would be a good idea to...……是一个好主意。Have you considered...?你有没有考虑过……？I would recommend...我建议……_______________One possible solution would be to...一个可能的解决办法是……语篇环节 高频表达______________________________

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案例导练

My dearest Susan,

As your first day of high school approaches, I find myself overwhelmed by a mix of pride and nostalgia.It feels like just yesterday when I was dropping you off at the kindergarten, and now you're about to embark on this new and exciting chapter of your life.Although I am unable to be there with you physically, my love and support are with you on every step of the way.

High school is a time of tremendous growth and self-discovery, and I want to share some heartfelt advice with you based on my own experiences.First and foremost,remember the importance of cultivating a strong and virtuous character.The choices you make, the way you treat others, and your integrity (正直) will shape not only your academic success but also the person you will become.Be kind, compassionate, and empathetic towards others,for true strength lies in using your voice and actions to uplift those around you.

In addition, I cannot stress enough the significance of creating positive habits.Establish a routine that allows for dedicated study time, balanced meals, regular exercise, and enough rest.These small daily choices will have a profound impact on your overall wellbeing, ensuring that you have the energy and focus to do well in your studies and pursue your passions.

Furthermore, I encourage you to embrace responsibility wholeheartedly.Take ownership of your education and extracurricular activities.Set goals for yourself, both academically and personally, and strive to achieve them.Remember that success is not measured solely by grades but by your ability to take the initiative,overcome challenges,and grow as an individual.Embrace every opportunity for growth, even if it feels daunting or is outside your comfort zone.

Lastly,my beloved Susan,I want to wish you health,happiness,and academic success throughout high school.Take care of yourself, both physically and mentally.Seek help and guidance when needed, and never be afraid to ask questions or seek clarification.Remember that you are not alone in this journey; your father and I are here to support you, cheering you on every step of the way.

As you embark on this new adventure, my heart swells with love and pride for the big girl you are becoming.Cherish every moment,seize every opportunity,and never forget the values and lessons that have shaped you thus far.High school may have its ups and downs,but it is through perseverance and resilience that you will overcome any obstacles you encounter.

With all my love and blessings！

Mom

一、审读预热

角色分析___文章体裁___写信背景___人称应用核心建议重要期待总结与重申逻辑关系词❖写信人：Mom______________❖目标读者：Susan（女儿）建议信_______________________________________________________________在苏珊成为高一新生之际，母亲在异地写信以表达关爱、支持和建议__________第一人称_____________________________________________________________❖cultivate a strong and virtuous character❖create positive habits❖embrace responsibility wholeheartedly health,happiness,and academic success throughout high school❖cherish every moment❖seize every opportunity❖never forget the values and lessons❖perseverance and resilience❖first and foremost❖in addition❖furthermore❖lastly

二、阅读自测

三、语言汲取

（一）与建议有关的核心表达

情感支持和鼓励

My love and support are with you on every step of the way.我的爱和支持与你同在，伴随你的每一步。

Your father and I are here to support you,cheering you on every step of the way.你的父亲和我都在这里支持你，为你路途中的每一步加油打气。

As you embark on this new adventure, my heart swells with love and pride for the big girl you are becoming.当你踏上这个新的冒险之旅时，我对你正在变成如此了不起的女孩满怀着爱和骄傲。

塑造品格和价值观

Remember the importance of cultivating a strong and virtuous character.记住培养坚强而品德高尚的人格的重要性。

Be kind,compassionate,and empathetic towards others.对待他人要友善、富有同情心并能与他人感同身受。

The choices you make,the way you treat others,and your integrity will shape not only your academic success but also the person you will become.你做出的选择、对待他人的方式以及你的正直将不仅决定你的学业成就，也影响你的个性成长。

True strength lies in using your voice and actions to uplift those around you.真正的力量在于用你的言行鼓励了周围的人。

建立积极习惯

Establish a routine that allows for dedicated study time,balanced meals,regular exercise,and enough rest.建立一个能够保证专注的学习时间、均衡的饮食、定期的锻炼和充足的休息的日常安排。

These small daily choices will have a profound impact on your overall well-being,ensuring that you have the energy and focus to do well in your studies and pursue your passions.这些细小的日常选择将对你的整体健康产生深远影响，确保你有足够的精力和专注力在学习上表现优异并追求你的爱好。

拥抱成长和责任

Take ownership of your education and extracurricular activities.自主掌握你的学业和课外活动。

Set goals for yourself,both academically and personally,and strive to achieve them.为自己设定学业和个人目标，并努力实现它们。

Success is not measured solely by grades but by your ability to take the initiative,overcome challenges,and grow as an individual.成功不仅仅是用成绩来衡量的，也是根据你积极主动、克服挑战和个人成长的能力来衡量的。

注意身心健康

Take care of yourself,both physically and mentally.注意照顾好自己，无论是身体上还是心理上。

Seek help and guidance when needed, and never be afraid to ask questions or seek

clarification.在需要的时候寻求帮助和指导，永远不要害怕提出问题或寻求解释。

珍惜时光和坚持不懈

Cherish every moment, seize every opportunity, and never forget the values and lessons that have shaped you thus far.珍惜每一刻，抓住每一个机会，永远不要忘记迄今为止塑造了你的价值观和经验教训。

It is through perseverance and resilience that you will overcome any obstacles you encounter.凭着毅力和韧性，你将克服你遇到的所有障碍。

（二）精彩表达

1.In addition, I cannot stress enough the significance of creating positive habits.此外，我再怎么强调养成良好习惯的重要性也不为过。

本句中，“cannot...enough”是一个固定表达，意为“再……也不为过”。

2.Embrace every opportunity for growth, even if it feels daunting or is outside your comfort zone.拥抱每一个成长的机会，即使它看起来令人生畏或者超出了你的舒适区域。

本句是一个复合句，even if意为“即使……”，引导的是一个让步状语从句。

3.High school may have its ups and downs, but it is through perseverance and resilience that you will overcome any obstacles you encounter.高中生活可能会有起伏，但凭着毅力和韧性，你将克服你遇到的所有障碍。

本句使用了“It be+被强调部分+that...”的强调句型，当被强调的对象为人时，也可将that换为who。

四、句式仿写

1.你再怎么强调设置切实可行的目标的重要性也不为过。

You _______________________the importance of setting realistic goals.

2.走出舒适区，尝试新事物，即使它们一开始看起来有些不太可能。

Step out of your comfort zone and try new things, _______________________at first.

3.正是通过大量的实践，你才会发现自己的爱好和优势。

_______________________you will discover your passions and strengths.

五、写作实践

假定你是李华，你的弟弟李明即将升入高一，请你给他发一封电子邮件，对他即将开始的高中生活提些建议。写作要点：

1.你的建议；

2.你的期待和祝福。注意：

1.词数80左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3.至少需要使用两个前文中解析过的句式和一种修辞。

My dearest Mingming,

Best regards.

Yours faithfully,Li Hua

评价导思

A self-assessment checklist for my letter of advice