Unit 2 A life’s work

Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas

基礎训练

单词拼写?根据首字母或汉语提示，用本部分所学单词的正确形式填空。

1.The situation was u_______and clear. So you were unlikely to misjudge it.

2.The newly opened g_______gives you a variety of goods.

3.Joanna has finally made it to the first rank of c_______after 25 years as an actress.

4.Before going into their meeting, the six foreign ministers p_______for photographs.

5.Through my_______(着迷) with reading, I opened the doors of literature, which had a profound impact on my life.

6.They have just returned from_______(遥远的) places with wonderful stories to tell.

7.I learnt more_______(技能) about adjusting the lens when taking photographs for magazines and newspapers.

8.The young app designer created a program with features on pop music, sport and_______(时尚).

选择填空?用方框中所给短语填空。

(regardless of?approach to?passion for?a wide range of?not once)

1. Facing up to your problems rather than running away from them is the best __________working things out.

2. __________did it occur to Michael that he could one day become a top student in his class.

3. My parents are simply going to support my learning to play the piano __________how much it costs.

4. There are __________exquisite decorations for young people to choose from.

5. My righteous roommate shows me that what matters is how I express my own __________music so that I can excite other people.

课文语法填空

Bill Cunningham was one of the most important American photographers of the last 50 years so that every member of New Yorks wealthy high society wanted nothing more than_____1_____(pose) for him. Cunningham always used simple,_____2_____(relative) cheap cameras and took all his pictures on the streets of New York. Although he always_____3_____(know) where fashionable parties and events were happening, Cunningham liked to photograph ordinary people. He found_____4_____(inspire) where others could not.

In addition,_____5_____made Cunningham great was his devotion to photography. He would even stay outside in a storm, not_____6_____(come) back until he knew he had the right photos. He hardly ever took a day_____7_____and not once stayed home sick.

Although he was a world-famous fashion photographer, Cunninghams approach to life was uncomplicated. He never accepted the benefits_____8_____(offer) to him for being a fashion photographer. He was a “9_____(culture) anthropologist”, who we can thank for recording the life of a whole city_____10_____its people over half a century.

1. _______ 2. _______ 3. _______ 4. _______ 5._____

6. _______ 7. _______ 8. _______ 9. _______ 10. _______

能力提升

閱读理解

In 2015, Professor Wang Zhenyi, who specializes in treating acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), received a letter of thanks from America. The writer of the letter was Mrs Bernadette Giandomenico, who once suffered from APL but was cured with all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA), a treatment developed by Wang and his medical team.

Born in 1924 in Shanghai, Wang was inspired by a family friends experience of pursuing a career in medicine. His grandmothers death caused by typhoid further strengthened his resolve to fight against diseases and rescue patients. With outstanding academic (学术的) performance, Wang became a doctor at Guangci Hospital, todays Ruijin Hospital.

In 1978, a research paper from Israeli experts gave Wang inspiration on studying how leukemia cells could become normal. His research didnt progress as expected, though. In 1983, another research paper shed light on his study. As the paper suggested, after being treated with 13-cis-retinoic acid, white blood cells in patients with APL could become normal. Considering the difficulties and high cost of producing a drug made from 13-cis-retinoic acid, Wangs team decided to replace that ingredient with ATRA, and they finally verified its positive effect after several months experiments. In 1986, the drug was first adopted in treating a five-year-old patient. It turned out successful. After eight years of research, Wangs team eventually made the first breakthrough in the battle against APL.

To make sure every APL patient could afford the medicine, Wang hasnt patented (获得专利权) his research result to date. “One cannot be a real doctor if one does not have expertise in medicine,” Wang said in an interview. “However, without a kind heart, a skilled doctor may cause harm to patients.”

Having worked in the field of hematopathology (血液病理学) for over 70 years, Wang has been well recognized for his remarkable contribution to saving lives.

1. Why did Mrs Giandomenico write a letter to Professor Wang?

A. To ask for medical suggestions.B. To share her battle against APL.

C. To express her appreciation.D. To update information about her treatment.

2. What strengthened Wangs determination to become a doctor?

A. His grandmothers death.B. His great academic achievement.

C. The inspiration from foreign experts.D. The example of a family friend.

3. What does the underlined word “verified” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?

A. Shared.B. Improved.C. Predicted.D. Confirmed.

4. What does Wang think is more important as a doctor?

A. Kindness.B. Politeness.C. Skills.D. Patience.

閱读七选五

Johannes Gutenberg was chosen to be the most important figure of the past millennium (千年) by the media. You may not be familiar with him._____1_____Gutenberg is praised for having invented the printing press and therefore preparing the way for printing books.

He was born into a wealthy family in the city of Mainz, Germany. In 1428, he moved to Strasbourg and lived there for almost 20 years._____2

Gutenberg used his skills in metalwork for the mass production of books._____3_____That means that each copy of the Catholic Bible was painstakingly handwritten by penmen. Gutenberg fashioned a font (字体) of over 300 characters. To make this possible, he invented the variable-width mold (模具) and perfected the mixture of materials used by type factories up to the present century.

4_____Between 1450 and 1455, while preparing to produce a large Latin Bible, Gutenberg is thought to have printed a number of smaller books, a calendar, and so on.The Bible of 42 Lines, the oldest surviving printed book in the Western world, was completed by August 15, 1456.

The discovery of the modern printing press changed the way information was delivered._____5_____Even today in the computer age, we rely heavily on the printed word or text for instruction, information, and for the pleasure of reading literature.

A. Gutenberg made the world a much richer place.

B. Gutenbergs idea was one of the greatest of mankind.

C. But he has certainly influenced your life in some ways.

D. By 1450, Gutenberg was back in Mainz at work on a printing press.

E. This invention was also responsible for educating people worldwide.

F. Before the spread of Gutenbergs idea, literature was primarily handwritten.

G. It was in Strasbourg that he probably made his first experiments with moveable type.

1._______2._______3._______4._______5._____

基礎训练

Section Ⅱ Using language

单句语法填空?在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

1.Watching English movies is said to be a good approach to_______(large) your English vocabulary.

2. The campaign aims to raise_______(aware) of the conservation of wild animals.

3. I am afraid hes more of a talker than a doer, which is_______he never finishes anything.

4.She spent two years doing_______(try) to get a recipe that was both tasty and tooth-friendly.

5. We should think_______the box to solve the problem that has bothered us for a long time.

6. I suppose I can get a good mark which will enable me_______(enter) my ideal college.

7.Building a more peaceful and_______(prosper) future starts with ensuring quality education for all today.

8.Most of the 3D food printers now_______(restrict) to dry ingredients, because meat and milk products may easily go bad.

单元语法填空?阅读下面短文，根据上下文语境，结合本单元所学语法知识完成短文。

In this much-traveled world, there are still thousands of places which are inaccessible to tourists._____1_____we always assume is_____2_____villagers in remote places are friendly and hospitable. But the fact is_____3_____people who are cut off not only from foreign tourists, but even from their own countrymen can be hostile to travelers._____4_____seems as if visits to really remote villages are seldom enjoyable—5_____my wife and I discovered during a tour through the Balkans.

We spent several days in a small town and we tramped through the wood for over two hours6_____we arrived at a deep stream._____7_____we could see was_____8_____the path continued on the other side. But what we didnt know was_____9_____we could get across the stream. Suddenly my wife spotted a boat moored (停泊) to the bank. In it there was a boatman fast asleep. We gently woke him up and asked him to ferry us to the other side._____10_____we tried to persuade him to take us, he was still reluctant (不愿意的) to do so.

1. _______ 2. _______ 3. _______ 4. _______ 5._____

6. _______ 7. _______ 8. _______ 9. _______ 10. _______

完形填空

There is an interesting story about how Pablo Picasso, the famous Spanish artist, developed the ability to produce an amazing work in just minutes.

As the story goes, Picasso was walking through the market one day when a woman_____1_____him. She stopped the artist, pulled out a piece of paper and said, “Mr Picasso, I am a fan of your work. Could you do a little_____2_____for me, please?”

Picasso smiled and_____3_____drew a small, but beautiful piece of art on the paper. Then, he_____4_____the paper back to her, saying, “That will be one million dollars.” “But Mr Picasso, it only_____5_____you 30 seconds to draw this little masterpiece,” said the woman. “My lady, I spend 30 years_____6_____to draw that masterpiece in thirty seconds,” said Picasso.

Picasso isnt the only_____7_____man who worked for decades to master his craft. His_____8_____is typical of creative geniuses. Even people of considerable talent_____9_____produce amazing work before decades of_____10. A recent study tracked the_____11_____of Nobel Prize winners, great inventors and scientists. The researchers found most_____12_____work peaked (达到高峰) during the late thirties. Even in the fields of science and math, creative_____13_____often requires more than ten years work.

These findings_____14_____the work done by previous researchers. For example, a study done at Carnegie Mellon University by Professor John Hayes found out of 500 famous_____15_____pieces, nearly all were created after ten years of the composers career. In later studies, Hayes found similar_____16_____with poets and painters. He began_____17_____this period—hard work and little fame—as the “ten years of_____18.”

Whether you are a composer or a scientist, creativity isnt a_____19_____you are born with or without. It is something that is_____20, honed (磨煉), and improved through real work.

1. A. welcomedB. recognizedC. interviewedD. followed

2. A. chattingB. readingC. shoppingD. drawing

3. A. finallyB. unwillinglyC. quicklyD. suddenly

4. A. handedB. transportedC. broughtD. delivered

5. A. tookB. wastedC. savedD. requested

6. A. pretendingB. teachingC. learningD. intending

7. A. funnyB. carefulC. braveD. brilliant

8. A. journeyB. paintingC. modelD. achievement

9. A. obviouslyB. rarelyC. surprisinglyD. possibly

10. A. instructionB. researchC. practiceD. formation

11. A. choicesB. interestsC. problemsD. ages

12. A. complicatedB. innovativeC. importantD. satisfying

13. A. advanceB. collectionC. developmentD. progress

14. A. matchB. requireC. includeD. end

15. A. artisticB. literaryC. musicalD. calligraphic

16. A. patternsB. lifestylesC. conditionsD. customs

17. A. looking atB. referring toC. taking overD. dressing up

18. A. reviewB. silenceC. riseD. trick

19. A. caseB. characterC. qualityD. role

20. A. discussedB. imaginedC. considered  D. discovered

语法填空

Wang Hongmei, a master in the Forbidden City, specializes in restoring damaged paintings. “I found conservation of paintings extremely_____1_____(challenge) at the beginning when I often had to stand for hours all day long due to the nature of the work,” Wang_____2_____(recall). “Commitment and time_____3_____(gradual) calmed down my heart.”

It takes an_____4_____(experience) conservationist like Wang a whole year_____5_____(restore) just three to four paintings. Sometimes the work could take even_____6_____(long). A scenic painting over 170 square meters in size,_____7_____was created by Emperor Qianlong for his retirement, was worn. Wang and her colleagues spent five years restoring the painting to its previous brilliance.

“These treasures are not simply individual items,_____8_____heritages of the craft and spirit passed on by the artists, collectors and conservationists of the past,” Qu Feng, one of Wangs colleagues, said. “Strengthened conservation efforts symbolize increasing national power and_____9_____(proud). If we can protect our cultural heritage to the best of our abilities, our nation will come to believe10_____itself more firmly.”

Due to the efforts by the masters in the Forbidden City, the public now can have a further understanding of cultural heritage protection.

1. _______ 2. _______ 3. _______ 4. _______ 5._____

6. _______ 7. _______ 8. _______ 9. _______ 10._____

短文改錯

To enrich students school life and help us learn more about space exploration, our school organized a visit to the City Museum on the other day.

At the beginning, some videos about space exploration were shown to them. By watching them, we learned about many great achievement in our country. The astronauts devotion to the space exploration leaves a deep impression on us. Afterwards, we experienced a life and work of astronauts, like how they do in our space station. We were excited, try and touching everything.

Such a great success the activity that it was highly spoken of. Hopeful, there will be even more activities like this.

Section Ⅲ Developing ideas

單词填空?用所给词的适当形式填空。

1.Your clothes are all out of_____. You need to be_______dressed when appearing at the party. (fashion)

2.Since the Tang Dynasty, Chinese_______has had a major influence on the_______styles of Japan and Vietnam. (architecture)

3.When she smiled at me, our friendship_______again though its_______took time. (restore)

4.The_______of our cultural heritages has become urgent, so we ought to begin the research into_______them effectively. (preserve)

5.He is an_______businessman and his_______is to expand his business to the whole world. (ambition)

6.Some of the teenagers dislike_______by their parents, but parents tend to have a desire for_____. (dominate)

单句表达?根据括号内提示翻译句子。

1. 我们的老师鼓励我们按照自己的节奏复习功课。（at ones own pace）

____________________________________________________________

2. 他考试不及格的原因是他学习不努力。（表语从句）

____________________________________________________________

3. 我大学毕业后开始从事教学工作。（take up）

____________________________________________________________

4. 我实在找不到比他更好的老板了。（not… + 比较级）

____________________________________________________________

5. 他说话的声音太大了，隔壁屋里的人都能听见。（“so + adv.”位于句首表示强调）

____________________________________________________________

提示写作

选用所给词汇或句型造句并组成一段连贯的短文（80词左右）。

(preserve?associate?originate from?focus on?make an effort

The reason why…?It is as if…?So incredible was their skill that…)

______________________________________________________

阅读理解

A

Vincent van Gogh was born on March 30, 1853, in a small village in the Netherlands. As a child, he was serious and sensitive. He loved to draw, and his work showed talent, but no one encouraged him to become an artist. Instead, his father thought he should take a job—something like a carpenter. As a young adult, he wandered from job to job with little success and very little money, becoming more depressed with each failure. In March 1880, however, just before his 27th birthday, something changed inside van Gogh. He realized he was meant to be a painter, and he began to study art in Brussels, receiving money from his brother Theo, which helped him to live.

In 1886, van Gogh moved to Paris, hoping to learn more about color techniques being used by Impressionist artists there. Instead of grays and browns, his work began to use blue and red, and then yellow and orange. Soon he began to see life differently: Go slow. Stop thinking. Look around. Youll see something beautiful if you open yourself. These were the principles (原則) that guide his art. With his innovative use of colors, van Gogh wanted to show his viewers how to better appreciate a flower, the night sky, or a persons face.

Today, people around the world immediately recognizeStarry NightandSunflowers—both painted in bold, intense colors—as the work of Vincent van Gogh. Probably no other artist, at any time in any culture, has achieved such popularity. HisPortrait of Dr Gachetsold in 1990 reached more than $80 million, breaking the world record for art pieces. Many of his other works have also sold for millions. Of course, people are buying great art when they purchase his paintings. But they are also buying a piece of his story, which, like his work, will live on forever.

1. What can we infer about van Gogh from Paragraph 1?

A. He got artistic talent from his father. B. He showed a strange character as a child.

C. He decided to be a painter in adulthood.  D. He received art lessons by working part-time.

2. Why did van Gogh go to Paris in 1886?

A. To see life with a different view.    B. To explore more color techniques.

C. To become an Impressionist artist.   D. To show the way of art appreciation.

3. The author mentionedPortrait of Dr Gachetto show_____.

A. van Goghs use of colors B. the paintings high value

C. the new record for art pieces            D. van Goghs popularity

4. What is the authors purpose in writing the text?

A. To introduce a great artist.             B. To promote artistic principles.

C. To encourage studies on art.              D. To emphasize the value of art.

B

For the past several years, Paula Smith, a historian of science, has devoted herself to recreating long-forgotten techniques. While doing research for her new book, she came across a 16th-century French manuscript consisting of nearly 1,000 sets of instructions, covering subjects from tool making to finding the best sand.

The authors intention remains as mysterious as his name; he may have been simply taking notes for his own records. But Smith was struck mainly by the fact that she didnt truly grasp any of the skills the author described.

Though Smith did get her hands on the best sand, doing things the old-fashioned way isnt just about playing around with French mud. Reconstructing the work of the craftsmen who lived centuries ago can reveal how they viewed the world, what objects filled their homes, and what went on in the workshops that produced them. It can even help solve present-day problems: In 2015, scientists discovered that a 10th-century English medicine for eye problems could kill a drug-resistant virus.

The work has also brought insights for museums, Smith says. One must know how an object was made in order to preserve it. Whats more, reconstructions might be the only way to know what treasures looked like before time wore them down. Scholars have seen this idea in practice with ancient Greek and Roman statues. These sculptures were painted a rainbow of striking colors. We cant appreciate these kinds of details without seeing works of art as they originally appeared.

Smith has put the manuscripts ideas into practice. Her final goal is to link the worlds of art and science back together. She believes that bringing the old recipes to life can help develop a kind of learning that highlights experimentation, teamwork, and problem solving.

If we can rediscover the values of hands-on experience and craftwork, Smith says, we can marry the best of our modern insights with the handiness of our ancestors.

5. How did Smith feel after reading the French manuscript?

A. Confused.   B. Frightened.    C. Discouraged.   D. Shocked.

6. Why is the reconstruction work done according to Smith?

A. To restore old workshops.    B. To take a look into the craftsmens life.

C. To improve visual effects.     D. To inspire the philosophers.

7. Why does the author mention museums?

A. To reveal the beauty of ancient objects.  B. To present the findings of old science.

C. To highlight the importance of antiques.  D. To emphasize the values of hand skills.

8. What can be the best title for the text?

A. Craftsmen Set the Trends for Artists    B. Craftsmanship Leads to New Theories

C. Craftsmanship Makes Better Scientists    D. Craftsmen Reshape the Future of Science

完形填空

When middle-aged Alex quitted his job and made up his mind to become a freelance writer, no one could tell for sure whether he would succeed or not. He found a cold storage room in a building, set up a_____1_____typewriter and settled down to work.

After a year or so, however, Alex began to_____2_____himself. He found it was difficult to earn his living by_____3_____what he wrote. But Alex determined to put his dream to the test even if it meant living with uncertainty and fear of_____4.

One day Alex got a(n)_____5, “We need an assistant, and were paying $6,000 a year.” $6,000 was_____6_____money in 1960. It would enable Alex to get a nice apartment, a used car and more. As the dollars were dancing in Alexs head, something_____7_____his senses. He had dreamed of being a8_____full time. “Thanks, but no,” Alex said_____9, “Im going to stick it out and write.”

After Alex got off the phone, he_____10_____everything he had: two cans of sardines and 18 cents. Alex put the cans and cents into a_____11_____bag, saying to himself, “Theres everything youve made of yourself so far.”

Finally his work was_____12_____in 1976. Instantly he had the kind of fame and_____13_____that few writers ever experience.

Then one day, Alex found the paper bag. Suddenly he_____14_____himself working in that cold storage room. It reminds Alex, and anyone with a dream, of the_____15_____and perseverance it takes to stay the course in the shadowland.

1. A. simpleB. wasteC. brokenD. used

2. A. doubtB. checkC. teachD. hate

3. A. collectingB. sellingC. readingD. showing

4. A. failureB. difficultyC. lossD. danger

5. A. emailB. messageC. letterD. call

6. A. certainB. realC. rightD. high

7. A. clearedB. controlledC. attractedD. struck

8. A. writerB. dancerC. driverD. salesman

9. A. happilyB. patientlyC. firmlyD. peacefully

10. A. handed downB. pulled outC. gave awayD. put aside

11. A. silkB. clothC. plasticD. paper

12. A. publishedB. completedC. writtenD. stopped

13. A. powerB. successC. luckD. relief

14. A. guaranteedB. toldC. describedD. pictured

15. A. honestyB. intelligenceC. courageD. humor

Writing

話题表达指导

话题介绍

话题：人物介绍。要求学生介绍人物的生平事迹、成就或贡献以及对人物进行评价。

建议体裁：说明文。

注意事项：说明文是指以说明为主要表达方式的文体。写作时要抓住人物的主要特征，选择合理的说明顺序，分层进行说明，注意条理清晰。另见下表：

题例导学

题目

假定你是李华。你班英语老师要求同学们用英文介绍一位体现工匠精神的人物。内容如下：

注意：

1. 词数100左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

参考词汇：高速动车组 high-speed EMU

思路引导1·要点分析

1. 介绍人物的基本情况（可涉及出生时间或地点、职业等）；

2. 介绍人物的主要经历、成就或贡献等；

3. 对人物进行简单的评价。

思路引导2·本单元语言知识运用

根据汉语意思及提示翻译句子。

1. 梁建英出生于1972年，是中国高铁设计师。（名词短语作同位语）

2.1995年大学毕业后，她全身心地投入对中国高速铁路发展的研究中。（devote oneself to）

3.2007年，她带领团队研制出时速为300—350千米的高速动车组。（现在分词短语作后置定语）

4.2017年，“复兴号”动车组以350千米的时速投入运营，这使我们的出行更加方便、快捷。（现在分词短语作状语）

5.正因为她对我们国家做出的杰出贡献，中国在全世界的高铁领域占据着领先地位。（it is… that…）

思路引导3·连句成篇

___________________________________________

范例展示

Liang Jianying, a designer of the Chinese high-speed EMU, was born in 1972. Since graduating from college in 1995, she has been devoting herself to researching into the development of the Chinese high-speed railway. In 2007, she led a team to create the high-speed EMU operating at the speed of 300—350 km/h. In 2017, the Fuxing EMU was put into service with the speed of 350 km/h, making it more convenient for us to get around quickly.

It is because of her outstanding contributions to our country that China is playing a leading role in high-speed railways all over the world.

话题表达

假定你是李华。上周你参观了市博物馆举办的一位著名画家的作品展。请用英语写一篇短文介绍这位伟大的画家。内容包括：

1. 人物简介；

2. 作品风格或主题；

3. 人物评价。

注意：

1. 词数100左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

___________________________________________________

Section Ⅳ Presenting ideas

核心短语与句型回顾

短语

1. nothing_______只不过；仅仅

2._______为……摆好姿势

3._______with 对……迷恋

4._______to 獻身于；对……热爱

5._______of  不管，不顾

6._______一次也不

7._______接近；……的方式

8._______for 对……强烈爱好

9.by_______反复试验（以得出最佳结果）

10._______for 考虑到，顾及

11._______to 有助于

12. back_______退让；认输

13.the_____（某事物发展的）尖端，最前沿

14.think_______不拘一格地思考，跳脱框框思考

15.break_______开辟新的领域；有新发现

16. at ones_______以自己的节奏

17._____, day out 日复一日

18._______from 来自；源于

19._______from… to… 范围从……到……

20. bring…_______使……复活

21._______同意做；承担

22._______up 开始从事；学着做

句型

1. “it was… that…”强调句型

These things were real, and_______(在它们的真实中) Cunningham saw both beauty and potential.

2. what引导表语从句

This devotion and hard work is__________(我们看到的) reflected within his photos.

3. given (that)…句式

_______ (考虑到工作的复杂性) and the lack of necessary materials, this means that each expert can work on a maximum of two large pieces a year.

4. 过去分词短语作状语

Whats more,_______(在继承父业这一壮志的激励下), Mr Wangs son now has also taken up repairing antique clocks.

5. “否定副词never/not + 形容词比较级”表示最高级含义

In todays fast-paced world, they saying that “time waits for no man” has_____(似乎再贴切不过了).

6. “so + adj.”位于句首表示强调

_______(他们的技术令人难以置信) many of their buildings survived earthquakes…

开放式表达

请根据提示，运用本单元核心知识，以“一位具有工匠精神的人物”为话题，進行表达。

提示：需用以下句型。

1. Showing great interest in... at an early age, ... started to learn... from...

2. He/She worked hard and spent most of his/her time in...

3. His/Her works turned out to be… and he/she received wide support from…