Unit 2 Exploring English

Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas

基础训练

单词拼写 根据首字母或汉语提示，用本部分所学单词的正确形式填空。

1. The city filled with u______________ buildings is a city for lovers of history and food.

2. As we are high school students now， we should be responsible for our b______________.

3. I usually get up as soon as my a______________ clock goes off in the early morning.

4. The t______________ of the book gives readers important information about the main idea of it.

5. His writing is so c______________ that it is difficult to make out what he wants to express.

6. Your facial expression has ______________ （反映） your real feelings.

7. These exchange students begin to feel ______________ （想家的） after they have been here for a week.

8.Picasso， a world-famous artist， did not just paint， but made ______________ （雕塑）.

9.The Great Wall of China is one of the greatest wonders of the world and is ______________ （可見的） from outer space.

10.I came to realize the key to success lay in trying to learn from ______________ （有创造力的） people.

选择填空 用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空。

wind up burn up fill in speak of in ones free time

1. Judy says she often takes part in volunteer work with her friends ___________________.

2. ___________________ the part-time job， I think its important for college students to do it during holidays.

3. If you want ___________________ more calories， you need to exercise for another half hour.

4. Please ___________________ this form， giving your name， phone number and address.

5.Sometimes we dont always ___________________ with the right answer or wrong answer， but just different points of view.

课文语法填空

Have you ever asked yourself why people often have trouble _____1_____ （learn） English？ I hadnt， until one day my five-year-old son asked me _____2_____ there was ham in a hamburger. This _____3_____ （get） me thinking how English can be a crazy language to learn.

Even the smallest words can be _____4_____ （confuse）. You also have to wonder at the unique _____5_____ （mad） of a language in which a house can burn up as it burns _____6_____， in which you fill in a form by filling it out， and in which _____7_____ alarm is only heard once it goes off！

English _____8_____ （invent） by people， not computers， and it reflects the _____9_____ （creative） of the human race. That is why when the stars are out， they are visible， but when the lights are out， they are _____10_____ （visible）. And that is why when I wind up my watch， it starts， but when I wind up this passage， it ends.

1. ______________  2. ______________  3. ______________  4. ______________  5. ______________

6. ______________  7. ______________  8. ______________  9. ______________  10. ______________

能力提升

閱读理解

Part of the reason that English has grown as a world language is that it easily adjusts to change. However， this means that what one was taught as a child in school may be out of date many years later. When words or phrases change， it can make speakers feel “wrong” because they were taught that something else was “right”.

One example of this is a term connected to school itself. Today， it is common for people to say that they “graduated” high school or college. The word “graduate” has two common meanings. One is to mark off a series. The other meaning is closely related. As you move through school， you cross off a series of achievements： grade school， middle school， high school， and college. So， in a way， school itself is “graduated”.

So， when people used to speak of getting a degree， they said they “graduated from college”. “To graduate college” would have meant to mark it off by year—the first year， the second year， etc. Similarly， “to graduate to college” would have meant to complete high school and move up to the next level.

But as happens often in English， when people understand your meaning， smaller words can disappear. “I graduated college” is now easy to say. This may distress people who were taught that you had to use “from” to be correct. But this is not the first time this phrase has been simplified. It used to be that you said， “I was graduated from college，” instead of， “I graduated from college.”

You cant know what English will keep and what it will lose. Who could imagine that we would still say we “dial” a phone number when we now push buttons on our cellphones？ Yet we know what it means.

1. What do we know about the word “graduate” from the text？

A. It has two similar meanings. B. It is changing in its meanings.

C. It had nothing to do with school at first. D. It got another meaning during its development.

2. In which sentence is the word “graduate” used in the newest meaning？

A. I was graduated from college. B. I was to graduate to college.

C. I graduated from college. D. I graduated college.

3. What does the underlined word “distress” in Paragraph 4 probably mean？

A. Change. B. Correct. C. Worry. D. Hurt.

4. What can be the best title for the text？

A. Right or Wrong？ B. Words Come and Go in English

C. English Is a Very Changeable Language D. How Should English Be Taught in School？

閱读七选五

What are magic words？ Words like “thank you” “please” and “sorry” can work wonders in our daily life. _____1_____ People with good manners always communicate with others well by using these magic words.

What should you do when you receive a gift for your birthday？ _____2_____ The words “thank you” are very important and used very often. We say them when someone hands us a letter， passes us a book， offers us a drink， or lends us an umbrella.

_____3_____ It is not polite to ask someone for help without saying “please”. We are supposed to use it when we ask for something， too. It may be a book， a pen， or more milk. It may be in the classroom， at home or at the bus stop.

We should learn to say “sorry”， too. If we have hurt someones feelings， we will have to say “sorry”. _____4_____ Sometimes we have forgotten something or broken a promise， so we need to explain with the word as a beginning. “Sorry” is such a word that can make people forget wrongs.

Why are these words magic？ They can give you warmth and strength. They even can encourage people to lead a more meaningful life.

_____5_____ Man said them long ago. We use them now. So will our kids.

A. You can make good friends with them.

B. “Excuse me” is another important expression.

C. Youd better sit down and write a thank-you note.

D. “Thank you！ Please！ Sorry！”—these words are simple but useful.

E. “Please” is another important word， but many people forget to use it.

F. When we have told a lie and regretted it， the same word should be used.

G. These expressions are used every day—among strangers， friends and families.

1. ______________  2. ______________  3. ______________  4. ______________  5. ______________

Section Ⅱ Using language

基础训练

单句语法填空 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

1. Most of the food for the homeless is provided by an international ______________ （organize）.

2. Anna grew many unusual types of plants that were ______________ （familiar） to me.

3. Dale said he only kept in contact ______________ two of our friends from college.

4. The fog is so heavy that the cars are ______________ （visible） even 30 meters away.

5. There are various ______________ （type） of books， and you can choose whatever youre interested in.

6. At twenty years old Frank was not as strong， as fast， ______________ he is now.

7. This is a fine book which is a worthy ______________ （add） to the series.

8. Grace came ______________ an old friend in the street whom she hadnt seen for years.

9. For ______________ （creative） to have a chance， the brain needs to get out of its own way.

10.The traffic problem in this city is ______________ （likely） to be solved in a short time. Theres still a long way to go.

單元语法填空 阅读下面短文，根据上下文语境，结合本单元所学语法知识完成短文。

Surfing is an _____1_____ （interest） activity of riding on waves while a person is standing on a board called a _____2_____ （a long narrow board used for surfing）. It is a perfect opportunity for people to get fit and stay _____3_____ （health）. It can not only make you _____4_____ （excite） but also offer a number of health benefits. Whether youre a free _____5_____ （surf） or a competitive one， Im sure youre always trying to improve your surfing. Here are some tips that can help you have a better surfing _____6_____ （perform）. First of all， you need to practice as often as possible. Second， you should learn to pick the right board. For a _____7_____ （begin）， the bigger， the better. Some people may like to jump on smaller and _____8_____ （short） boards， but a large one will help you catch more waves in the early stages. Last but not least， if possible， you can surf with your friends together. It is not only safer， but it also forms a healthy

_____9_____ （compete）. It pushes you to surf better and try out _____10_____ （differ） skills.

1. ______________  2. ______________  3. ______________  4. ______________  5. ______________

6. ______________  7. ______________  8. ______________  9. ______________  10. ______________

能力提升

完形填空

When I was a child， there wasnt much for me to read. It was not until junior high school that I began to _____1_____ traditional Chinese classical novels. And books from other countries became _____2_____ to me after I had been admitted into the university.

The first English novel that I read was Jane Eyre. Though _____3_____ for a first-year student at university， I spent hours and hours _____4_____ the meaning of every word and sentence. It took me almost half a year to _____5_____ the book. With Jane Eyre _____6_____ my heart and soul， I was even more _____7_____ in the rich world of literature. I developed a _____8_____ of reading Charles Dickens， Thomas Hardy， W. S. Maugham， D. H. Lawrence， Ernest Hemingway… The _____9_____ goes on and on. Reading is what I cannot live without.

What can one _____10_____ from reading？ It can be said that serious reading makes one a _____11_____ person. When we read serious books， we must _____12_____ our minds so as to find some room for new ideas， knowledge， and inspirations. Reading helps us _____13_____ the lack of knowledge and our prejudice （偏见） by offering different insights. We may learn to develop an overall view of the _____14_____， either inside or outside.

Serious reading is time-consuming and thus makes us more _____15_____. If we want to finish hundreds of pages of War and Peace， we must be prepared for a long _____16_____ without taking any shortcuts （捷径）.

Well-designed classical novels make us more _____17_____. The writers put their hearts and minds into _____18_____ plots， presenting descriptions， and expressing their values. To _____19_____ the stories， we must make full use of our born logical （逻辑上的） competence， which might _____20_____ reasonability.

1. A. write B. read C. borrow D. know

2. A. expensive B. acceptable C. unique D. available

3. A. important B. comfortable C. difficult D. possible

4. A. making up B. figuring out C. speaking of D. agreeing with

5. A. finish B. return C. translate D. find

6. A. saving B. breaking C. owning D. entering

7. A. popular B. interested C. honest D. free

8. A. style B. method C. love D. game

9. A. list B. cycle C. story D. system

10. A. understand B. guess C. remember D. gain

11. A. better B. richer C. healthier D. kinder

12. A. recover B. clean C. empty D. change

13. A. reflect B. overcome C. recall D. master

14. A. study B. book C. room D. world

15. A. powerful B. creative C. patient D. confident

16. A. fight B. performance C. action D. journey

17. A. logical B. real C. curious D. sharp

18. A. planning B. dropping C. starting D. reviewing

19. A. report B. affect C. follow D. select

20. A. deal with B. lead to C. result from D. refer to

語法填空

A common word that shows surprise or _____1_____ （sad） is “actually”. “Actually” suggests something is true， even when it is different from what has been thought or expected. For example， everybody knows that Bob is always a nice person. But he sees a Christmas present he likes， and then runs away with _____2_____. A speaker might say， “I cant _____3_____ （real） believe it！ Bob actually stole the Christmas present.” Here， the speaker uses “actually” to show the unexpectedness of a happening—Bob stole the present. He/She does not sound very happy！

Speakers can use “actually” to show good feelings， too. Lets take Ted for example—another person who always forgets _____4_____ （give） presents for Christmas. His parents may show their surprise at _____5_____ （receive） a present from Ted by saying the following， “Ted actually gave us a present！” Here， the word “actually” shows that they are pleasantly _____6_____ （surprise） at this strange happening： Ted _____7_____ （remember） Christmas that day！ _____8_____ fact， they felt very happy.

Next time you are listening to an English speaker， try to find examples of words _____9_____ show what people mean. Is the speaker showing surprise or regret？ How does the speaker change the pitch （音调） of their voice？ By answering these _____10_____ （question）， you will start to learn how English speakers communicate feelings in slight ways.

1. ______________  2. ______________  3. ______________  4. ______________  5. ______________

6. ______________  7. ______________  8. ______________  9. ______________  10. ______________

短文改错

Dear Mr Chen，

Im very happy to have you as our English teacher. I knew English is very important for us， so master English means we can see the world through a new window.

To be honesty my English is just OK. There are two mainly problems in my English study. First， I feel difficult to learn words by heart. However， I often feel nervous when spoken English. It would be great if you could give me some good advice on how to memorize the new words. Another suggestion is to give us more chance to practice speaking English in class. Im certain that we can make much progress in English under your help. Thank you.

Li Hua

Section Ⅲ Developing ideas

基礎训练

单词填空 用所给词的适当形式填空。

1.Although there are more and more people ______________ of the importance of protecting wild animals， we still try to raise the ______________ of the whole society. （aware）

2.Written language is generally used in ______________ language， while ______________ language can be used in spoken language. （form）

3.They ______________ me by asking so many ______________ questions. I was totally ______________， not knowing what to do. （confuse）

4.My father once said to me that hard work can change your life because youre the only ______________ of your own life， but the ______________ of people also needs ______________ minds. （create）

5.My little sister ______________ so well in the school that my parents praised her good ______________

at dinnertime. （behave）

6.With the ______________ of becoming rich and famous， more and more people ______________ to take part in TV shows. （intend）

7.Joe had changed so much that I didnt ______________ him at first. As a matter of fact， age changed him beyond ______________. （recognise）

8.______________， their savings only meet ______________ costs of living. So they choose a simple lifestyle， ______________ on the little money they have. （base）

单句表达 根据括号内提示翻译句子。

1. Paul不仅是一位教师，而且是一位作家。（not only位于句首引起部分倒装）

2. 我期待着把礼物放到Julie的桌上时，她会喜笑颜开。（look forward to）

3.  我在公共汽车站等车时，对向驶过了三辆公共汽车。（while引导时间状语从句）

4. 这条街让我想起我在伦敦生活的日子。（remind sb of）

5. 这座建于300年前的剧院已成为著名的旅游景点。（v.-ed作后置定语）

提示写作

选用所给词汇或句型造句并组成一段连贯的短文（80词左右）。

remind intend stay with look forward to to ones astonishment

I wasnt sure that… I was really surprised when… It turned out that…

能力提升

阅读理解

A

Do you think the United Kingdom and the United States are alike？ Winston Churchill once joked that the people of Britain and the people of America are separated only by their language. Do you think that is true？ The British and the Americans both speak English as the official language. However， each uses some different words. We Americans are similar to the British. After all， our country was once owned by the UK， so we have a lot in common. But there are many differences between us.

The UK has a king or queen， and the leader of the government is the Prime Minister. The US has no kings or queens. Our leader is the President.

Both the British and Americans use pounds and ounces， pints， quarts， and gallons. Both use miles， yards， and feet. Our money is different， though. The British use pounds and pence. Americans use dollars and cents.

Driving in a car is very different in the UK. They drive on the left side of the road. We drive on the right. What we call the hood （引擎蓋） of the car， the British call the “bonnet”. British cars run on “petrol”， which we call “gasoline”.

In our everyday life， we do many of the same things as the British. But we describe them differently. A young mother here might push a baby in a baby carriage. A British mum pushes a “pram”. The British watch “telly”， while we watch TV. We like to eat French fries， but the British call them “chips”. Millions of Americans drink coffee， but most British people prefer tea.

So we are different in many ways. But we stay friendly anyway.

1. What can we learn about the UK and the US from Winston Churchills joke？

A. They are very similar. B. Their people are the same.

C. Their languages are the same. D. They are familiar with each other.

2. The British and Americans both use __________.

A. miles and dollars B. pints and pence C. gallons and feet D. yards and cents

3. Which of the following is used by the British？

A. TV. B. Pram. C. Hood. D. French fries.

4. What can be the best title for the text？

A. We Are Alike？ B. A Common Language？

C. We Stay Friendly D. Differences Between the UK and the US

B

When talking about being overcome with emotions， both good and bad， we have a somewhat strange expression to describe that situation： being beside yourself. So， if I say I am beside myself with joy， I am filled with joy！ However， I can also be beside myself with sadness， anger， or any other emotions. The expression is useful and simple， but queer. It sounds as if someone became two people. How can you be next to yourself？ Being “beside yourself” is technically impossible.

In American English， you can simply say “Im beside myself” to mean you are very upset. For example， if you have a quarrel with a close friend， you might be beside yourself. You might shout， write an angry letter to your friend， or just go somewhere by yourself and cry.

Heres another situation. A high school student applies to several colleges. If all her applications are refused， she could be beside herself. She might stay up all night worrying about what to do next.

Also， if a person becomes seriously ill， he could start talking in a way that does not make any sense. The patient may also start behaving strangely， walking around the room—back and forth. A doctor might say， “He is beside himself.”

We have another expression that is very similar to “being beside yourself”. We can also be “out of our minds”. We use this expression in the same way we use “beside oneself”. So we can be out of our minds with fear， love， happiness， or any other emotions. And just like “beside oneself”， we also use this expression on its own without a specific emotion. So， if someone says or does something crazy—like learning how to ride a motorcycle on a dark， rainy night， you can simply say， “He is out of his mind！”

5. What does the underlined word “queer” in Paragraph 1 probably mean？

A. Easy. B. Difficult. C. Common. D. Strange.

6. How does an American feel when saying “Im beside myself”？

A. Excited. B. Unhappy. C. Relaxed. D. Frightened.

7. How does the author explain the usage of “beside oneself”？

A. By comparing some expressions. B. By telling some stories.

C. By giving some examples. D. By listing some facts.

8. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about？

A. Another example about “being beside yourself”.

B. The difference between the two expressions.

C. The usage of the phrase “out of ones mind”.

D. More expressions about different feelings.

完形填空

Cairistiona Flatley has always been an animal lover. So when she _____1_____ a social media post about a two-legged cat in need of a（n） _____2_____， she had a feeling that she was the _____3_____ person to take Rexie Roo in.

Rexie Roo is a young cat who was rescued （救援） to a shelter in Utah. Both of his front legs were _____4_____ hurt when he was found， and his rescuers guessed that hed been _____5_____ by a car. Whats worse， the cats legs couldnt be cured. Their only choice was to _____6_____ his front legs to give him a second _____7_____ of life. Despite his pain and having to get around on his _____8_____ legs， Rexie Roo was always loving everyone around him.

The only _____9_____ was whether they could find someone who was _____10_____ to take in a pet with special needs. Thats when Cairistiona came to the _____11_____. She adopted （收養） Rexie Roo and made him feel at home. She quickly _____12_____ that hes very food-motivated （驱使）， so she used cat food to _____13_____ him to do his at-home “physical exercise”.

“When people tell me Im so _____14_____ for adopting a special need cat and that he is lucky to have me， I can only think about how _____15_____ I am to have him in my life，” Cairistiona said. “I

_____16_____ him so much， and he has brought me a lot of _____17_____ and peace. I think he can _____18_____ people a lot about patience and love，” she added. “My life is _____19_____ because he is in it. I tell everyone he is the _____20_____ of my life.”

1. A. saw B. wrote C. chose D. spread

2. A. organization B. family C. doctor D. trainer

3. A. outgoing B. honest C. special D. perfect

4. A. badly B. completely C. mostly D. nearly

5. A. taken away B. turned away C. knocked down D. put down

6. A. cut off B. try on C. look over D. fix up

7. A. reason B. honor C. impression D. chance

8. A. front B. short C. back D. hurt

9. A. opinion B. problem C. way D. suggestion

10. A. thankful B. rich C. willing D. creative

11. A. madness B. check C. agreement D. rescue

12. A. discovered B. announced C. reminded D. imagined

13. A. force B. encourage C. promise D. lead

14. A. calm B. cool C. brave D. kind

15. A. lucky B. regretful C. excited D. nervous

16. A. respect B. trust C. love D. miss

17. A. pressure B. eagerness C. joy D. pain

18. A. prepare B. teach C. question D. require

19. A. freer B. quieter C. easier D. better

20. A. engine B. light C. hope D. tower

Writing

话题表达指导

话题介绍

话题：英语探索。要求通过对本单元核心知识的学习，能口头和书面分享一则有关语言误解的故事或一次学习英语的特别经历。

建议体裁：记叙文。

注意事项：突出故事的发生、发展，交代清楚记叙文写作的基本要素（时间、地点、人物、事件起因、经过、结果）。另见下表：

题例导学

题目

假设你是李华，今天你和朋友参加了你所在城市举办的外语节（Foreign Language Festival）。请用英语写一篇短文记述今天的活动，内容包括：

1. 概括介绍事件背景；

2. 这一天的活动；

3. 你的感受。

注意：

1. 词数100左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

思路引导1·要点分析

1. 背景：与谁一起去，交通方式、到达时的现场情景等；

2. 活動：听讲座、参加英语角、购买英语书籍等；

3. 感受：对活动的评价、活动带来的好处、对下一次活动的期待等。

思路引导2·本单元语言知识运用

根据汉语意思及提示翻译句子。

1. 我们骑自行车到那里，而一些学生是乘地铁去那里。（while）

___________________________________________________________________________

2. 首先我们参加了一个讲座，讲座的主题是“如何学英语”。（how + 不定式）

___________________________________________________________________________

3. 演讲者回答了我们学习中的一些令人困惑的问题。（confusing）

___________________________________________________________________________

4.我们去了英语角，在那里我们和其他学生交换了英语学习的方法。（where， exchange... with）

___________________________________________________________________________

5. 我期待着参加更多像这样的活动。（look forward to）

___________________________________________________________________________

思路引导3·连句成篇

范例展示

Today I took part in the Foreign Language Festival in our city with my friend Wang Wei. We arrived there by bike while some students went there by subway.

First we attended a talk whose topic was “How to Learn English”. The speaker answered some confusing questions in our study. Then we went to the English Corner where we exchanged the methods of learning English with other students. We joined them with great interest. Before leaving， we bought some books and dictionaries.

The festival gave me a good chance to practice English， as well as confidence and encouragement for my study. Im looking forward to taking part in more activities like this.

话题表达

假设你是李华，你班的交换生Jack喜欢中国的小吃，于是你请他品尝当地名小吃叫花鸡、老婆饼。听到名称他很疑惑，但他品尝之后才知道不能从字面意思去理解。请用英语写一篇短文记述这件事，内容包括：

1. 邀请Jack品尝叫花鸡、老婆饼；

2. 他的反应；

3. 他吃后的感慨。

注意：

1. 词数100左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

参考词汇：老婆饼sweetheart cake，叫花鸡Jiaohua Chicken

Section Ⅳ Presenting ideas

核心短语与句型回顾

短语

1. ______________ 偶然发现

2. be unfamiliar ______________ 對……不熟悉

3. ______________ 除此之外；另外

4. remind sb ______________ 使某人想起……

5. ______________ 说到；谈到

6.make comments ______________ 对……做出评论

7. be based ______________ 以……为基础

8. ______________ 意识到；察觉到

9. ______________ 在某人的空闲时间

10. ______________ 结果是

11. ______________ 发生

12. ______________ 烧毁；烧尽

13.______________ 给 （机械） 上发条；使 （活动、会议等） 结束

14. reflect ______________ 反思

15.______________ contact ______________ 与…… 保持/失去联系

16.______________ in ones throat（尤因喉咙痛）说话困难

17. ______________ 谨慎行事

18. ______________ 让某人惊讶的是

句型

1. have trouble （in） doing sth

Have you ever asked yourself why people often ______________ （在学习英语时遇到困难）？

2. make + 宾语 + 宾语补足语

This ______________ （使我意识到） that theres no egg in eggplant either.

3. 副词neither位于句首引起部分倒装

______________ （既没有） pine nor apple in pineapple.

4. It/This/That is why…

______________ （那就是为什么） when the stars are out， they are visible…

5. v.-ed作后置定语

The origin of “hamburger” was a hard beef steak ______________ （称为）“Hamburg steak”， ______________ （被吃） without bread.

6. as… as…

Its not ______________ （看上去那么令人困惑）： usually people from the two countries can understand each other from the context.

7. 副词here位于句首引起全部倒装

______________ （这里有一些我们最喜欢的）， to remind us that some of the English we learn in the classroom is rather different from the English in the outside world！

8. spend some time （in） doing sth

I ______________ （花数日进行准备和撰写） my first English paper.

请根据提示，运用本单元核心知识就“如何学好英语”的话题，谈谈你的看法。

提示：需用以下句型。

1. At first， we can…

2. I think its a good idea to…

3. Another thing I would suggest is…