耳朵是如何工作的？

河南固始信合外国语小学 朱利香 编译

We live in a wonderful world and hear all kinds of voices every day. Why can we hear these sounds? Which organ of our body works? Yes, it is the ears. How do earstransmitsound to our brains?

我们生活在一个奇妙的世界，每天都会听到各种各样的声音。为什么我们能听到这些声音呢？这主要是我们身体的哪个器官在起作用呢？是的，就是耳朵。耳朵又是如何将声音传递到我们大脑的呢？

You know,the components ofthe ears have their own functions, and they areindispensable. They are the key to the sound we can hear. How do ears make us hear?Let’s explore this problem today!

要知道，耳朵的各个部件都有各自的作用，它们缺一不可。它们是我们能听到声音的关键所在。那耳朵是怎样使我们听到声音的呢？今天就让我们来探究这个问题吧！

When we clap our hands, it causesrhythmicvibrationof airmolecules, which producessound waves.

当我们拍拍手，引起空气分子有节奏地振动，这就产生了声波。

Sound waves reach theexternal earwith the air, transmit the sound into the external acoustic pore and hit the tympanic membrane through the sound collection function of the auricle.

声波随着空气到达外耳，通过耳郭的集音作用把声音传入外耳道并撞击鼓膜。

When the sound wave strikes the tympanic membrane, it causes the tympanic membrane to vibrate. This force also vibrates the auditory ossicles composed of the smallest bones of our human body: malleus, incus and stapes. These three auditory ossicles form a set oflever systemto amplify the vibration force and transmit it to the cochlea.

当声波撞击鼓膜时，引起鼓膜振动，这股力量使我们人体中最小的骨头——锤骨、砧骨、镫骨组成的听小骨也振动起来，这三块听小骨形成了一套杠杆系统，把振动力量放大，并传递到耳蜗中。

The cochlea is shaped like a snail shell, filled withlymphand thousands of haircells, with basement membrane above the hair cells.

耳蜗形似蜗牛壳，内部充满着淋巴液，并有数以千计的毛细胞，毛细胞的上方有基底膜。

When the vibration comes, it vibrates the basement membrane through the lymph, and thebasement membranetouches the hair cells. Finally, the hair cells transmit the electrical signal to the brain through the cochlear nerve, and we hear the sound!

当振动传来，通过淋巴液而振动基底膜，基底膜又触动了毛细胞。最后，毛细胞把（生物）电信号通过耳蜗神经传达到大脑，我们就听到声音啦！

Notes:

transmitv.传送；输送

the components of ……的组成部分

indispensableadj.不可或缺的；必需的

rhythmicadj.有节奏的

vibrationn.振动

moleculesn.分子；微粒

sound waves 声波

external ear 外耳

lever system 杠杆系统

lymphn.淋巴液

celln.细胞

basement membrane 基底