周伟伟
一般现在时表示经常发生的动作或存在的状态。常与always,often,usually,sometimes,every day等时间状语连用。例如:
We go to school every day. 我们每天上学。
He often does his homework in the evening. 他经常在晚上做作业。
China is a big country. 中国是个大国。
一般现在时的一个难点就是:当句子主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。那么哪些主语是第三人称单数呢?
1. 第三人称单数代词he,she,it单独作主语时,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。例如:
He is a good boy.
She likes studying English.
It looks like Lucy’s hat.
2. 单数可数名词作主语时,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。例如:
The girl likes swimming. 这个女孩喜欢游泳。
My deskmate often helps his mother do housework.
我的同桌经常帮助他母亲做家务。
The boy often watches TV in the evening. 这个男孩经常在晚上看电视。
3. 单数的人名、地名或称呼作主语时,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。例如:
Tom often helps his mother do shopping. 汤姆经常帮助他母亲购物。
Mary often does her homework in school. 玛丽经常在学校做作业。
Shanghai is a big city. 上海是个大城市。
4. 单个的不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。例如:
The food is good to eat. 这种食物好吃。
There is some money in her purse. 她的钱包里有些钱。
5. 指示代词this,that作主语时,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。例如:
This is a map. 这是张地图。
That is my hat. 那是我的帽子。
6. 不定代詞everything,something,anything,nothing等作主语时,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。例如:
Is everybody here? 大家都来了吗?
Something is wrong with your car. 你的车有毛病了。
7. one或one of + 复数名词作主语时,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。例如:
One of the students comes from Australia. 其中一名学生来自澳大利亚。
8. 单个的字母、数字或算式作主语时,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。例如:
Three plus four is seven. 3加4等于7。
“8” is a good number in China. 在中国8是个吉利数。
巩固性练习:
一、写出以下各词的第三人称单数形式。
1. have 2. do 3. be 4. go 5. teach
6. swim 7. play 8. fly 9. carry 10. get
二、用所给动词的正确形式填空。
1. My father _________(watch) TV every evening.
2. — (be) the women from Beijing? —No, they _________(be).
3. —_________Lucy _________(speak) Chinese? —Yes, she _________(do).
4. He _________(not do) his homework on Sundays.
5. Where _________your father _________(work)?
三、一般现在时的句型转换。
1. He has an English class every day. (改为否定句)
He _________an English class every day.
2. She does homework on Saturday. (改为一般疑问句,并作肯定回答)
—_________she _________homework on Saturday?
— , she .
3. I like cooking. (改为一般疑问句,并作否定回答)
—_________you _________cooking?—_________, I _________.
4. His mother is a farmer. (对画线部分提问)
_________his mother _________?
5. He studies in a school near here. (对画线部分提问)
_________he_________?
(答案见第49页)
(作者单位:江苏省盐城市明达初级中学)
3262501026599