文化遗产，历史的根基

本刊试题研究中心

第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节 （共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

Pingyao， in the center of Shanxi Province， is a famous historic cultural city of China and a world cultural heritage site. Its 90 kilometers south of Taiyuan on the Fen River. People lived in Pingyao during the New Stone Age. Its long period as a county government seat has left Pingyao with lots of historic buildings and sites， with a 2，700?year history.

Ninety⁃nine of them are under government protection， including Zhenguo Temple， Shuanglin Temple and Pingyao Ancient City. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties， businessmen organized commercial groups that did business nationwide. Shanxi Province had some of the most important ones and Pingyao was their center. In 1823， a store， known as Ri⁃shengchang （Sunrise Prosperity）， traded in bank checks rather than in silver or gold coins. It was the beginning of modern Chinese banking. Branch banks were soon set up in major cities in China and other parts of Asia， leading to great development in Pingyao. Its lacquer ware （漆器） became well known. In Pingyao Ancient City， there are many traditional houses and commercial buildings， 3，797 of which are protected and more than 400 of which are in good condition. Not only do the houses in Pingyao show Shanxis history and culture， but this large number is valuable for studying its history， customs， ancient buildings and art. Most of these houses are still used as homes and shops for local people. In 1997， Pingyao Ancient City was listed in the World Heritage List.

1. What does the underlined word “them” in paragraph 2 refer to？

A. Historic buildings and sites in Pingyao. B. The two temples.

C. Bank checks. D. Branch banks.

2. Which of the following about Pingyao is excluded from the text？

A. Its location.            B. Its tourism.

C. Its business.            D. Its history.

3. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties， Pingyao was a leading center in .

A. agriculture              B. raising cattle

C. commercial trade        D. making gold coins

B

Hu Guanmei， a 66⁃year⁃old woman of the Dong ethnic group， is the inheritor of the Grand Song of the Dong ethnic group （侗族大歌 ）， a national intangible cultural heritage in China. Her hometown Zaidang Village in Guizhou， southwestern China， is home to the Grand Song of the Dong ethnic group.

The Grand Song of Dong dates from more than 2，500 years ago. The way Dong singers use their vocal cords （聲带 ） is different from how formally trained singers do. It is a folk chorus with multi⁃parts， no conductor， and no accompaniment. Organically growing from their natural surroundings， it is recognized internationally as “the sound of Nature”.

Before the Dong people had a writing system in 1958， the Dong culture， their history and stories were all recorded by means of songs. As a Dong saying goes， “Rice feeds the body and songs enrich the soul.” The Dong people sing right from their childhood. While not singing， they all work in their rice field.

Guanmei has been singing the Grand Song of Dong all her life， making her a famous singing teacher in her hometown and nearby areas. “The songs are our means of passing on wisdom， knowledge and life experiences to others. I will not exist in this world 100 years later， but Grand Songs will. Im honored to do this job，” Guanmei said.

Kind⁃hearted， Guanmei has been volunteering to teach the Grand Song of Dong to the Dong children for over 30 years. Now she has more than 300 students. Guanmei is pleased to see the village children come to her house willingly when they have free time.

“Nowadays， more and more young people leave the village and settle in cities. Decades later， the Dong children out of the village might know nothing about Grand Songs. We should do something just now. Its our mission. What is once lost might be lost forever，” added Guanmei.

4. What makes the Grand Song of Dong known as “the sound of Nature”？

A. The outstanding conductor.

B. The special musical instrument.

C. The attractive natural environment.

D. The inspiration from Nature.

5. What can we know about the Dong culture？

A. The Dong singers are professionals.

B. The Dong culture before 1958 has been largely lost.

C. Singing is of vital importance to the Dong people.

D. They have a written system with a history of over 2，500 years.

6. How does Guanmei feel about the future of Grand Songs？

A. Concerned. B. Excited. C. Optimistic. D. Satisfied.

7. Whats the authors main purpose in writing the text？

A. To call on young people to return to the Dong village.

B.  To teach the Dong children to learn the Grand Song of Dong.

C. To show a womans efforts to keep the Dong culture alive.

D. To instruct people to appreciate the Grand Song of Dong.

C

Chinas Yungang Grottoes （石窟） will complete the scanning of all the caves in five years， paving the way for the creation of digital versions that can withstand weathering and other real?world damage.

So far， the UNESCO World Heritage Site in Shanxi Province has completed three⁃dimensional scans of one third of its Buddhist grottoes， according to the Yungang Grottoes Research Institute. “Were racing against time，” said Ning Bo， director of the institutes digitalization office. “Weathering is like cancer to grottoes， eating away at the sculptures year by year. Few technologies can prevent such progressive damage.”

Using three⁃dimensional laser （激光器） scanning and multiplanar （多维的） reconstruction， the institute is working to capture the shapes， colors and other fine details of the grottoes and create millimeter⁃level digital archives for future study and preservation. “We hope to preserve the grottoes in digital form as much as possible， so people in the future will still have access to the information even if the grottoes fade away，” Ning said， adding that the digitalization will also allow the public to “visit” the grottoes more easily on their computer screens.

The digitalization project， which began in 2003 at the grottoes， still faces challenges posed by the caves enormous sizes， complicated structures and exquisite sculptures， according to the institute. “The Yungang Grottoes were built into a mountain， so our team is actually scanning structures as huge as a mountain. Besides， the inner structures vary wildly from exotic domes to traditional Chinese architecture，” said the director.

The Yungang Grottoes， located in the city of Datong， has 45 major caves and more than 59，000 stone statues. With a grotto complex stretching about 1 km from east to west， it is one of the largest ancient grottoes in China.

8. What does Ning Bo mean by saying “racing against time”？

A. Scanning the grottoes is an urgent task.

B. It is not an easy job to scan the grottoes.

C. He is dying because of a severe disease.

D. There is a deadline required by the UNESCO.

9. Why are the Yungang Grottoes being scanned？

A. To keep them from being damaged.

B. To carry out a scientific experiment.

C. To preserve them for future generations.

D. To make them accessible via the Internet.

10. What is paragraph 4 mainly about？

A. The influence of the project.

B. The difficulties facing the team.

C. The beauty of the grottoes.

D. The structures of the statues.

11. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear？

A. Education.

B. Technology.

C. Culture.

D. Opinion.

D

The Palace Museum， known as the Forbidden City， was the imperial （皇帝的） palace of the Ming and Qing Dynasties. In the early 15th century， the large?size construction caused 100，000 common people to live a hard life. The construction took 14 years and was finished in 1420. In the following year， the capital of the Ming Dynasty was moved from Nanjing to Beijing. Twenty⁃four emperors of the Ming and Qing Dynasties ruled the country from the Forbidden City. The last dynasty fell in 1911， but Emperor Puyi still lived in the inner court. It was not until 1925 that the complex buildings were changed into a museum. Since then， the palace has been opened to the public.

The Palace Museum is rectangular （矩形的）in shape， about 960 meters long from north to south and 750 meters wide from west to east. There is a 10⁃meter⁃high wall， encircled by a 52⁃meter⁃wide moat （护城河）. In the Ming Dynasty， the wood needed for the buildings was brought mostly from Sichuan and Hunan Provinces， while in the Qing Dynasty， it was cut from the northeast of China. Most of the stones were mined from the suburban district of Fangshan and other districts. The construction of the Forbidden City brought huge hardship to the laboring people.

The palace is the largest piece of ancient Chinese architecture still standing. Some of the buildings were damaged by lightning and were then rebuilt in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The palace has been expanded several times， but the original design was preserved. After the Peoples Republic of China was founded， some costly renovations （翻新）were done and the Palace Museum was listed as one of the important historical sites under special preservation by the Chinese government.

12. What is the main idea of paragraph 1？

A. The origin of the name “the Forbidden City”.

B. Basic information about the Forbidden City.

C. The opening up to the public of the Forbidden City.

D. The period of the construction of the Forbidden City.

13. The Forbidden City is also called .

A. the History Museum B. the Peoples Site

C. the Palace Museum D. the Summer Palace

14. The Forbidden City began to be constructed in .

A. 1406 B. 1420 C. 1421 D. 1911

15. What can we learn from paragraph 2？

A. The emperors cruelty brought the Forbidden City into the world.

B. Constructing the Forbidden City needed wood and stones from all over the country.

C. The Forbidden City is the largest piece of ancient Chinese architecture still standing.

D. The Forbidden City is about 720，000 square meters.

第二节 （共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

The Spring Festival is the most important festival for the Chinese people. It is a time when all family members living away from home go back to get together. It falls on the first day of the first lunar month.

The Spring Festival is said to date back to the Shang Dynasty. 16 Some customs are still followed today， but others have weakened. Before the New Year comes， people completely clean their homes. Then people begin decorating their clean rooms for an atmosphere of happiness and festivity. All the door panels will be pasted with the Spring Festival couplets （对联） with black characters on red paper. 17 The character put on paper can be pasted upside down to mean “fudaole”.

On the Spring Festival Eve， all family members eat dinner together. After the dinner， each family will stay up to see the New Year in. Waking up on the New Year， everybody dresses up. 18 Then each child will get money as a New Year gift.

19 People thought it could help drive away evil spirits. However， such an activity was completely or partially forbidden in big cities once the government took security， noise and pollution factors into consideration. A series of activities such as lion dancing， dragon lantern dancing， lantern festivals and temple fairs will be held for days. 20

A. The Chinese character “fu” is a must.

B. Many customs go with the Spring Festival.

C. First， they send wishes to their parents.

D. People attach great importance to the celebration.

E. Burning fireworks was once the most traditional custom.

F. Minorities celebrate their Spring Festival almost on the same day as the Han people.

G. The Spring Festival then comes to an end when the Lantern Festival finishes.

第二部分 語言运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节 （共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Camogli looks like any other small Italian coastal town. The little 21 houses face the sea. The sunlight adds to their beauty. However， look carefully and youll see many things that seem 22 ... but theyre not.

This fishing village is full of trompe lœils—an art form in which nothing is what it appears to be. While some flowers die， others live for years. Why？ Because theyre 23 on the buildings！

Trompe lœils have been around for centuries. 24 ， Camoglis fishermen painted their houses in bright colors and unusual designs， so that they could see their homes 25 from the water. Then， in the 1700s， it became a way to make small， simple buildings look 26 and high⁃valued.

And today？ There are still many trompe lœil houses in villages like Camogli， but only a few artists are 27 to paint them. Carlo is one of this ever⁃decreasing band of artists whos managed to make a business out of it.

His 28 are often people who want to improve their homes 29 . But for Carlo trompe lœils purpose is to bring something 30 to a new place， such as bringing the cities to the sea or even the deserts to the cities.

Carlos painting style 31 the past. He only uses old⁃style paints and mixes them by hand. He does so for one reason： to protect the trompe lœil 32 . He also believes this art should be 33 everywhere.

Fortunately， in Camogli， local art and culture are still 34 . But remember， dont always 35 your eyes！

21. A. colored B. crowded C. damp D. wooden

22. A. fancy B. novel C. real D. valuable

23. A. carved B. pressed C. painted D. planted

24. A. Creatively B. Mistakenly C. Frequently D. Originally

25. A. closely B. easily C. happily D. hopefully

26. A. comfortable B. complicated C. grand D. harmonious

27. A. sensitive B. available C. unwilling D. blind

28. A. designers B. followers C. customers D. partners

29. A. appearance B. capacity C. convenience D. privacy

30. A. civilized B. faraway C. natural D. unexpected

31. A. comes from B. brings about C. goes against D. leaves out

32. A. artists B. buildings C. surroundings D. traditions

33. A. accepted B. discussed C. learned D. seen

34. A. changing B. alive C. diverse D. unique

35. A. believe B. block C. widen D. cheat

第二節 （共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Located at the foot of the southwest side of Mount Huangshan， Hongcun Village is one of the 36. （represent） ancient villages in the southern part of Anhui Province， China. It was firstly built in the Shaoxing period of the Southern Song Dynasty， 37.

（give） it a history of about 900 years. 38. its peaceful environment and beautiful surroundings present 39. （tour） a piece of pleasing picture of the typical country life in Southern China， the village is called “the village in traditional Chinese painting”. At present， the water system， streets， folk houses and even interior arrangements of the village 40. （preserve） as the primitive conditions of the ancient village.

Every day hundreds of visitors are attracted to the village by 41. （it） beautiful views and more than 140 well⁃preserved ancient houses， among which several magnificent ancestral halls and the celebrities former residences are the most 42. （attract） ones. Because of this extraordinary feature of the village， Hongcun was added to 43. list of World Heritage Sites by the UNESCO in late 2000， and it is also the location of the 44. （fame） Chinese film Crouching Tiger， Hidden Dragon， 45. （direct ） by Ang Lee and starring Chow Yun⁃Fat.

第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）

第一节 （满分15分）

假定你是李华，你的外国网友Jack对中国书法非常感兴趣，写信向你咨询学习中国书法的建议。请你用英语给他写一封回信，内容包括：

1. 练习书法的有效方式;

2. 学书法的好处。

注意：

1. 词数80左右;

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

参考词汇：书法 calligraphy

Dear Jack，

Yours，

Li Hua

第二节 （满分25分）

閱读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

A couple of months before I started high school， my parents gave me the greatest gift any teenage boy could ask for： a cellphone. I lived on that phone all summer with my face buried in its screen. I ignored my family and my surroundings. Being connected was more important than being present.

So， you can imagine my displeasure when I learned what my dad had planned for our family vacation that year. “This year，” my dad said， “well be doing something special. Were going camping！” His excitement met with a disappointed sigh （叹气）. It wasnt my dream vacation because my mind was on my phone. I was so buried in the screen， in fact， that the first time I can remember truly looking up was when we drove across a bridge on the way to our campsite.

I stared out of the window and saw redwoods towering above us， their branches threatening to pierce （刺破） the blue sky. I saw a roaring river， with slivers of silky black water appearing between crashing white rapids. The air blowing into the car from the open windows was hot. But none of that mattered to me. The reason why I had looked up was for something far more serious： my phone no longer had service.

The last hour of the drive was increasingly tense. My dad announced that he had chosen a campsite that had no cellphone service， and that my phone would be useless until we returned home. I would be trapped in the forest for four days with no way to contact the outside world！ I went through the full cycle of teenage emotions during the first day of the trip. I raged （发怒）. I bargained. I begged. I flip⁃flopped （转变） from a depressive state to anger.

I went to bed angrily that night. But when I awoke in the morning， something had changed.

注意：

1. 所续写短文的词数应为 150 左右;

2. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头已为你写好。

Paragraph 1：

Instead of burying myself in my phone， I focused on something else： my surroundings.

Paragraph 2：

The following days passed in a flash with many fun activities.

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