ZAC巴斯蒂德-尼尔，波尔多，法国

MVRDV建筑规划事务所

客户：SAS Bastide Niel

建筑与城市规划：MVRDV

景观设计：A+R paysagistes,Territoires

工程设计：Artelia

交通工程：Arcadis,Verdi

可持续：Ader& co,Oasiis

几何设计：Geosat

当地建筑师：CUBE

场地面积：35hm2

绘图：MVRDV

Client:SAS Bastide Niel

Architect & Urban Planner:MVRDV

Landscape Architects:A+R paysagistes,Territoires

Engineering:Artelia

Traffic Engineers:Arcadis,Verdi

Sustainability:Ader& co,Oasiis

Geometrician:Geosat

Local Architect:CUBE

Site Area:35 hm2

Drawings:MVRDV

MVRDV 的总体规划设计是改造波尔多市中心 35hm2的前军营和铁路站场，这是为欧洲城市化做出贡献的前所未有的机会。该设计回答了一个重要问题：如何创建一个具有欧洲城市传统并充满活力的街区，但同时又对其进行了更新：历史、功能混合与亲密、光、绿色和密集。

该场地靠近加龙河，步行即可到达被联合国教科文组织列为世界文化遗产的波尔多历史中心，这里曾被仓库、铁路路堤和备用军营占据。通过对现有建筑的谨慎保留和更新，以及受控的新开发，一个融合了多种功能的片区将得以创建，其中包括住房以及各种公共和文化设施。

总体规划遵循铁轨和军营的布局。它保留并强化了所有历史建筑、铁路和站台，诠释了场地的历史，并使其成为该地区改造的起点。利用这些人工构筑物构建的布局，该规划建立了一个宽6～10m 的狭窄街道关系网。使用“共享空间”方法设计，以创建一个安全的交通系统，让行5 人、非机动车和公共交通工具享有与汽车平等的权利。大多数街道都是单行道，由河边或对面的大街获得服务。这个包括了道路、胡同和小巷的关系网形成了一个总体规划中有 144 个地块的亲密城市——营造出与历史悠久的市中心相媲美的氛围。

总体规划的公共空间中尽可能多地容纳绿色植物，包括种类繁多的植物物种及在炎热天气保持环境凉爽的水景。街道和公共广场设计为多孔的，以吸收雨水和洪水——这是重要的考虑因素，因为项目位于加龙河泛滥的平原。

同样，巴斯蒂德–尼尔的建筑设计必须考虑到它们对环境的影响。总体规划设定，邻里建筑宜采用浅色，反射阳光、减少城市热岛效应；将太阳能电池板、绿色植物与屋顶和凉廊整合；尽可能使用木结构，最大限度地减少建筑的碳排放。144 个地块将容纳富于多样性的建筑实践，融合了当地、国家和国际设计师的作品。MVRDV 与每个项目的建筑师进行协调，以确保在总体规划各方面达成共识。

MVRDV's masterplan proposal to transform 35hm2of former barracks and railyards in the centre of Bordeaux is an unprecedented opportunity to contribute to European urbanism.The design answers the question of how to create a vibrant neighbourhood that is in the tradition of the European city,but at the same time an update of it:historic,mixed and intimate,light,green,and dense.

The site,near the Garonne River,lies within walking distance of the UNESCO-listed historic centre of Bordeaux and was previously occupied by warehouses,rail embankments,and redundant barracks.Through careful retention and renovation of the existing buildings,along with controlled new development,a district will be created that integrates a wide variety of functions including housing along with a variety of public and cultural facilities.

The masterplan follows the layout established by the rail tracks and the barracks.It maintains and densifies all historic structures,railways,and platforms,interpreting the site's history and making it a starting point for the area's transformation.Using the layout established by these artefacts,the plan establishes a network of narrow streets between 6 and 10 metres wide.These are designed using a "shared space" approach to create a safe traffic system with pedestrians,cyclists,and public transport on an equal footing to cars.Most streets are oneway,serviced from the riverside or from the opposite avenue.This road,alley and lane network results in an intimate city,with 144 city blocks in the masterplan– resulting in an atmosphere comparable to a historic city centre.

3 建筑形态Geometry of buildings

4 表面被打上不同大小的圆孔，以便种植植被。这些圆圈相交，在中间形成小树林坑，提供了与网格形成对比的流动性，并赋予场地特殊的特征The surface is perforated in circles of different sizes in order to plant the vegetation.The circles intersect to create grove pits in between.These provide fluidity in contrast to the grid and give a particular character to the site

5 树木（手动）和灌木（自动）的灌溉 系统Water irrigation systems trees (manual) and shrubs (automised)

巴斯蒂德–尼尔的标志性外观也源于环境因素。平面图中建筑物的形状是通过严格适用于日光和直射阳光的规则确定的，允许每个建筑物在一楼接收日光，并至少有2 小时的日照时间。这些“阳光切割”与 15m 深的建筑物相结合，可实现自然通风，形成倾斜的屋顶，唤起人们对传统欧洲城市景观的当代重新想象。

随着 MVRDV 总体规划的实现，巴斯蒂德–尼尔将成为市中心生动的延伸，拥有 3400 套住宅的混合项目；27,500m2零售；25,000m2办公室；13,500m2小型场所，用于诊所、车间和工作室等用途；以及大学楼、市政档案馆、文化楼、社区中心、学校、日托中心、体育设施等公共设施54,000m2。□（何卓凝 译）

评审评语

这是一个由形态各异的房子组成的社区，独特的风格使它具有童话世界般的吸引力。看似自由的设计其实充满了理性的思考。包括充分尊重场地原有的历史格局，既有建筑的有效更新，并在尊重历史的基础上增加新的居住和文化设施。建筑屋顶因日照计算而被切割成适宜的坡度，太阳能电池板、绿色植物以及木料的应用，使得这个社区具有典型的低碳可持续特征。公共交通和景观的塑造也让绿色出行更加便捷，公共空间充分考虑了雨水的利用，植物栽植体现了规则秩序下的变化，从而为社区带来持续的活力。综合各种因素之后的创新设计，使这个区域成为引领城市更新的典范。

The public spaces of the masterplan incorporate as much greenery as possible,with a huge variety of plant species,as well as water features to keep the surroundings cool in hot weather.Streets and public squares are designed to be porous,allowing them to absorb rainwater and floods– an important consideration due to the masterplan's location in the Garonne river floodplain.

Similarly,buildings in Bastide Niel must be designed with their impact upon the environment in mind.The masterplan stipulates that buildings in the neighbourhood should be light colours,reflecting sunlight and reducing the urban heat island effect;they should integrate solar panels and greenery into their roofs and loggias;and they should use wood construction whenever possible,minimising the carbon emissions of construction.The 144 plots will host buildings from a diversity of architectural practices,mixing the work of local,national,and international designers.MVRDV coordinates with the architects of each project to ensure the cohesive realisation of all aspects of the masterplan.

Bastide Niel's signature appearance is also derived from environmental factors.The shapes of buildings in the plan are determined through strictly applied rules for both daylight and direct sunlight,allowing each building to receive daylight at ground level and a minimum of 2 hours of sun.These "sun cuts",combined with the 15-metre depth of the buildings that enables natural ventilation,result in sloped roofs that evoke a contemporary reimagining of the traditional European cityscape.

W ith the realisation of MVR DV's masterplan,Bastide Niel will become a lively extension to the city centre with a mixed programme of 3400 homes;27,500m2of retail;25,000m2of offices;13,500m2of small premises for such uses as clinics,workshops,and studios;and 54,000m2of public facilities such as a university building,the municipal archives,a cultural building,a community centre,schools,day care centres,and sport facilities.□

Jury Statement

It is a community which is combined the plots of various shapes and sizes,with a unique style that gives it fairytale-like appeal.The seemingly free-flowing design is in fact full of rational thought.It includes full respect for the original historical pattern of the site,the effective renewal of existing buildings and the addition of new residential and cultural facilities in respect of the past.The roofs of the buildings have an appropriate slope for daylight,and the use of solar panels,greenery and wood make the community typically low-carbon sustainable.Public transport and landscape are shaped to make green travel easier,public spaces take full account of rainwater use,and planting reflects change within a regular order,thus bringing continuous vitality to the community.The innovative design of this area,which combines all these factors,makes it a leading model for urban regeneration.(Translated by YE Yang)

6 公共空间容纳尽量多的绿色植物The public spaces incorporate as much greenery as possible

7 总体规划中在推进的建筑设计项目：La Valle Verte建筑设计：MVRDVOngoing projects in the masterplan:La Valle Verte.Architect:MVRDV

8 街道剖面与平面：不同高度的物种和多孔的表面Street section and plan;species of different heights and porous surfaces