Unit 3?Could you please clean your room?

重点知识园地

重点单词

1. mess  n.  杂乱;不整洁

“What a mess！” she said after the party.

聚会后她说：“真是一片狼藉！”

（1）in a mess 混乱;凌乱

The room was in a mess.

这个房间杂乱不堪。

（2）make a mess 弄脏;搞成一团糟

The kids made a mess in the living room.

孩子们把客厅搞得一塌糊涂。

2. throw  v.  （threw） 扔;掷

Throw me the car keys.

=Throw the car keys to me.

把车钥匙扔给我。

She threw her coat on the bed.

她把外套扔在了床上。

throw away 丢弃;扔掉

throw away （sth）=throw （sth） away 把……丢掉

3. neither  adv.  也不

neither是副词，意为“也不”，表示前面否定的内容也适用于另一个人时，句子须采用倒装结构：“neither+be/助动词/情态动词+主语”表示“……也不”。

You didnt see him， and neither did I.

你没有看见他，我也没有。

（1）neither （两者） 都不

Neither of us felt like going out.

我倆都不想外出。

—Which one would you like？

你喜欢哪一个？

—Neither.

两个都不喜欢。

（2）neither... nor... 既不……也不……

Neither the teacher nor his students know how to work out the problem.

老师和他的学生们都不知道怎么算那道题。

They speak neither French nor German.

他们既不讲法语，也不讲德语。

4. pass  v.  给;递;走过;通过

pass sb sth=pass sth to sb 把某物递给某人

Can you pass me that bag？

你能把那个袋子递给我吗？

They pass by the library on their way to school.

去学校途中，他们经过了图书馆。

Kevin has just passed his driving test.

凯文刚刚通过驾照考试。

5. borrow  v.  借;借用

borrow sth from sb 从某人那里借某物

I couldnt afford to buy any books， so I borrow them from the library.

我买不起任何书，因此我都从图书馆借。

辨析：borrow， lend和keep

（1）borrow 借，与from 连用，指“借进来”。

You can borrow some money from the bank.

你可以从银行借些钱来。

（2）lend 借，与to 连用，指“借出去”。

lend sb sth=lend sth to sb 把某物借给某人

He doesnt want to lend his books to others.

他不想把书借给任何人。

（3）keep 保留，保存 （延续动词，可以与表示一段时间的时间状语连用）

You can keep the book for two weeks.

这本书你可以借两周。

6. hate  v.  厌恶;讨厌

hate不能用于进行时，与love相对。

hate to do sth 讨厌做某事，表示某次具体的行为或动作。

I hate to trouble him.

我不愿麻烦他。

hate doing sth 讨厌做某事，表示经常或习惯性的行为或动作。

She hates smoking in her room.

她讨厌在她房间抽烟。

7. while  conj.  与……同时;当……的时候;而;然而

while用作连词，意为“在……期间;当……的时候”，用来引导时间状语从句。while 引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词只能是延续性动词。

I will give her a present while she is here.

当她来的时候我要给她一份礼物。

Our friends arrived while we were having dinner.

当我们吃饭的时候，朋友们来了。

The walls are green， while the floor is white.

墙是绿色的，而地板是白色的。

8. waste  n.  浪费;垃圾

v.  浪费;滥用

I hate waste.

我讨厌浪费。

waste of time 浪费时间 waste of money 浪费金钱

waste time/money on sth 在某事上浪费时间/金钱

waste time in doing sth 浪费时间做某事

Dont waste time on computer games.

=Dont waste time in playing computer games.

不要浪费时间玩电脑游戏。

9. provide  v.  提供;供应

provide sth for sb=provide sb with sth 给某人提供某物

The movie theater provides us with good service.

电影院为我们提供良好的服务。

His school provided a house for him.

他的学校为他提供了一所房子。

辨析：provide， offer和supply

provide 为应急等做好准备而“提供;供给” provide sb with sth

=provide sth for sb

给某人提供某物

offer 側重表示“愿意主动给予” offer sb sth=offer sth to sb

向某人提供某物

offer to do sth

主动提出做某事

supply 定期“供应”，强调替代或补充所需物品 supply sb with sth

=supply sth to sb

为某人提供某物

10. develop  v.  发展;壮大

development  n.  发展

developing  adj.  发展中的

developed  adj.  发达的

a developing country 一个发展中国家

a developed country 一个发达国家

重点短语

1. take out the rubbish 倒垃圾

Its your turn to take out the rubbish.

轮到你倒垃圾了。

take out the trash 倒垃圾

2. as soon as 一……就……;尽快

I want to see him as soon as he arrives.

他一抵达我就要见他。

3. in order to 目的是;为了

in order to 引导目的状语从句，可放句首或句中。

肯定形式：in order to+动词原形

否定形式：in order not to+动词原形

In order to catch up with the others， the girl works even harder.

为了赶上其他同学，那个女孩学习更加努力了。

4. depend on 依靠;信赖

Just depend on me. Ill be able to lead you there.

相信我，我会把你带到那儿的。

I dont want to depend on my parents too much.

我不想过度依靠父母。

5. take care of 照顾;处理

Please help me take care of my baby when I am out.

我出去时请帮我照顾下我的小孩。

活学活用

1. Please call me ____ ____ ____ you get home.

请你一到家就给我打电话。

2. His teeth hurt badly. The dentist ____ .

A. took out it B. took out them

C. took it out D. took them out

3. 用borrow和lend 填空。

Can I ____ your pen？

Can you ____ me your pen？

4. The boy ____ （throw） an apple to his friend just now.

5. 英译汉。

take out the rubbish ______

fold the clothes ________

基本語法

情态动词could委婉地表请求和征询许可

其句型为：Could you please do sth？

—Peter， could you please take out the trash？

彼得，请你把垃圾倒掉好吗？

—Sure， Mom.

可以，妈妈。

—Could you please do the dishes？

请把盘子洗了，好吗？

—Sorry， I cant.

抱歉，我不能。

在表示请求帮助或请求允许的疑问句中，常用could代替can，以表示礼貌、委婉或不确定的语气，而can则不具备这些语气。这种情况下不能把could看作can的过去式。could是为了表示礼貌的请求。肯定回答时要用Yes， I can. 注意：不能用could。除此之外，肯定回答还可以用Sure. / Certainly. / Yes， sure. / Of course. / Thats OK. / No problem. / With pleasure.等;否定回答用Im sorry， I cant. / Im sorry， but I have to...， 还可以用Im afraid not.

—Could you please sweep the floor？

请把地扫了，好吗？

—Yes， sure.

好的。

—Could you please water the flowers？

你能浇下花吗？

—No problem.

没问题。

Unit 3 跟踪导练

第一课时（Section A 1a—2d）

根据汉语提示填写单词

1. The children are picking up the ____ （垃圾） in the river.

2. Children often help ____ （打扫） the rooms in the old

peoples home.

3. There are some dirty clothes on the ____ （地板） in his

bedroom.

4. Toms room is really in a ____ （不整洁）.

5. Mary， could you help ____ （折叠） the clothes？

阅读理解

Mr Hand began his trip in France last Saturday. Three days later when he was traveling in the country by car， he saw a dog behind a thin man. As the car came near them， the dog suddenly （突然） started to cross the street and it was hit by the car and died. Mr Hand stopped his car and walked to the thin man. “I am very sorry to hit your dog ，” he said. “How much should I pay？ Will ten dollars be enough？”

“Oh， yes” said the thin man. Mr Hand put his hand into his pocket， but he only found five dollars in the pocket. “Sorry， sir， I have only five dollars，” said Mr Hand. “Thats all right. Five dollars is also OK，” the man answered. “Thanks a lot. It is very kind of you，” Mr Hand thanks the man and drove away.

After the car went away， the man looked down at the dog and said to himself， “Whose dog is it？”

根据短文内容，判断正（T）误（F）。

（ ） 1. Mr Hand took a trip in France.

（ ） 2. The dog may be hit this Thursday.

（ ） 3. At first， Mr Hand wanted to pay ten dollars for the dog.

（ ） 4.Mr Hand gave the thin man five dollars at last because he thought it was enough.

（ ） 5. The thin man wasnt the dogs owner.

第二课时（Section A 3a—3c）

根据首字母填写单词

1. My brothers and my fathers s____ are white.

2. Be sure to t____ away old newspapers.

3. I never learned to swim and n____ did they.

4. What a m____ you made！ Youd better clean it up

before Mom gets home.

5. Lets t____ out the rubbish and put it in the trash bin.

補全对话（有两项多余）

A： Hello， Ann. What are you doing now？

B： I am cleaning our classroom.

A： Oh， I know. Is there anything that I can help？

B： Let me see.  Its so heavy.

A：Certainly. Our classmates make a lot of rubbish every day.

B： Yes. But most of them throw the rubbish into the dustbin instead of the ground.

A： Its good manners （礼仪）.

B：Seldom. My parents seldom ask me to do housework.

A：But I think sometimes doing housework may help us relax. If we are free， we can do that.

B：Yes， I agree with you. I cant move the desk. Could you help me move it？

A：  Im coming.

B： Thank you.

A. Of course.

B. No， thanks.

C. Its my turn to do it today.

D. I need to throw the rubbish.

E. Could you help me take out the rubbish？

F. Do you often help your parents do housework？

G. They think the most important task for me is to study.

完形填空

An old man lived in a nice house with a large garden （花园）. He took care of his  all the time.

One day a young man went by the . He saw the beautiful flowers and thought he could be very  if he lived in such a beautiful place. Suddenly， he found the old gardener was blind. He was very  about this and asked， “You cant  these flowers. Why are you busy looking after them every day？”

The old man said， “I can tell you four . First， I was a gardener when I was young， and I really like this job. Second， though I cant see these flowers， I can  them. ， I can smell the sweetness of them. As for the last one， thats for .”

“Me？ But you dont know me，” said the young man.

“Yeah， its true that I dont know you. But I know that everybody  flowers. We enjoy the happiness these flowers have brought us.”

（ ） 1. A. flowers B. trees C. birds D. pets

（ ） 2. A. school B. garden C. zoo D. hospital

（ ） 3. A. sleepy B. tired C. bored D. happy

（ ） 4. A. upset B. excited C. worried D. surprised

（ ） 5. A. water B. sell C. see D. smell

（ ） 6. A. ideas B. problems C. reasons D. stories

（ ） 7. A. touch B. move C. hear D. describe

（ ） 8. A. Fourth B. Third C. Second D. First

（ ） 9. A. me B. you C. my mother D. my son

（ ） 10. A. plants B. buys C. sends D. loves

第三课时（Grammar Focus—4c）

单项选择

（ ） 1. —Can I ____ your bike？

—With pleasure. But you mustnt ____ it to others.

A. lend; borrow B. borrow; lend

C. lend; lend D. borrow; borrow

（ ） 2. —Great changes have taken place ____ we entered E-Times.

—Yeah. I agree with you.

A. before B. when C. since D. as soon as

（ ） 3. —Im not going swimming tomorrow afternoon.

—____ . I have to clean up my bedroom.

A. So am I B. Neither am I

C. Neither I am D. So I am

（ ） 4. —Could you please pass me the book？

—____ .

A. Yes， I could B. No， I couldnt

C. Sure. Here you are D. No， thats no problem

（ ） 5. Liu Ying is good at singing. She sings ____ the

famous singer， Coco.

A. as well as B. as good as

C. as better as D. as the best as

按要求完成句子

1. How about going out for dinner with Bill？ （用could改寫

句子）

____ we ____ ____ for dinner with Bill？

2. —Could you please buy some food for lunch？ （补全否定答语）

—____ ， I ____ .

3. May I borrow your pen， please？ （改为同义句）

Could you ____ your pen ____ me， please？

4. 请问你能把垃圾带出去吗？（完成译句）

____ you please ____ ____ the trash？

5. 他一到家就会帮忙做家务。（完成译句）

Hell ____ ____ the housework ____ ____

____ he gets home.

阅读理解

Research （研究） says that husbands do not do their fair share of work around the house. A study from an American university says that men dont often do the same share of housework. Researchers interviewed （采访） 182 working couples （夫妻） who became first-time parents. Both husbands and wives worked almost the same number of hours in full-time jobs. However， men did five hours a week less housework than women after their baby was born.

It is a different story for mothers. Becoming a parent added about 21 hours a week to a mothers work. Most of this was looking after her baby. New fathers did not do more work because they did not realize （意识到） the mother was doing so much more. Another reason is that after a baby is born， fathers follow the “traditional” roles. That is， the mother looks after the baby and the father works outside. This happens even when the mother is working the same number of hours in her job.

（ ） 1. How many couples were interviewed in the research？

A. 182. B. 110.

C. 80. D. 21.

（ ） 2. Who do less housework around the house？

A. Wives. B. Husbands.

C. Parents. D. Babies.

（ ） 3. What does the underlined sentence “It is a different

story for mothers” probably mean？

A. Mothers come from different families.

B. Mothers like reading different stories.

C. Mothers work more hours than fathers.

D. Different mothers have different children.

（ ） 4. What is the “traditional” role of a father？

A. Working outside. B. Looking after the baby.

C. Doing housework. D. Doing part-time jobs.

（ ） 5. What can be the best title for the passage？

A. Traditional Roles of Parents

B. Women Work Harder than Men

C. Mothers Care More about Baby

D. Housework Sharing Between New Parents

第四課时（Section B 1a—2e）

用所给词的适当形式填空

1. He ____ （develop） a farm from nothing last year.

2. Alan got up early in order ____ （get） there in time.

3. Either of the twins ____ （like） helping their mother do

chores.

4. Our teacher is a woman of ____ （fair）.

5. Miss Gao hates ____ （stay） out late.

根据汉语提示完成句子

1. He didnt give up his own dream. ____ ____

____ （结果）， he became a famous writer.

2. He ____ ____ （病倒） last night.

3. Could you ____ ____ ____ （照顾） my dog

while Im away？

4. Dont ______ ______ （依靠） others. You can do it well

by yourself.

5. There are some books in the box. Could you please

____ ____ ____ （拿出来）？

完形填空

Lisa is serious about the chores in her house. She gives her children things that they can do according to （根据） their . She started by asking John， the  of her two sons， to help with the dishes. It is now an easy chore  the 15-year-old. His 13-year-old brother， Dave， now  John too. They take turns doing the  each week. The boys also clean their study tables， make their beds and  food from the market on Sunday mornings. Besides these， the boys also  how to cook easy meals when their parents are not at home. The family of four live in a big house but they do all the housework themselves. Lisa says， “When I was young， my father wanted us to do  on our own and learn how to  ourselves. Now Im doing it to my kids.” John says， “Doing chores is . You can learn important life skills and responsibility （责任）.”

（ ） 1. A. study B. ages C. plans D. experience

（ ） 2. A. elder B. taller C. younger D. shorter

（ ） 3. A. with B. as C. for D. by

（ ） 4. A. teaches B. finds C. hates D. helps

（ ） 5. A. washes B. dishes C. cleaning D. fishing

（ ） 6. A. borrow B. cook C. buy D. sell

（ ） 7. A. know B. wonder C. tell D. watch

（ ） 8. A. exercise B. jobs C. chores D. homework

（ ） 9. A. work on B. live in C. look at D. take care of

（ ） 10. A. difficult B. good C. tiring D. boring

閱读理解

Last Friday a storm swept through two villages in the New Territories， pulling down fourteen homes. Seven others were so badly damaged （破坏） that their owners had to leave them， and fifteen others had broken windows or broken roofs. One person was killed， several were badly hurt and taken to hospital， and a number of other people received smaller hurt. Altogether over two hundred people were homeless after the storm. A farmer， Mr Tan， said that the storm began early in the morning and lasted for over an hour. “I was eating with my wife and children，” he said， “when we heard a loud noise. A few minutes later our house fell down on top of us. We tried our best to climb out but then I saw that one of my children was missing. I went back inside and found him， safe but very frightened.”

Mrs Wu Meifang said that her husband had just left for work when she felt that her house was moving. She ran outside at once with her children.

“There was no time to take anything，” she said. “A few minutes later， the roof came down.” Soldiers （士兵） helped to take people out of the flooded （水淹的） area and the welfare department （福利机构） brought them food， clothes and shelter.

（ ） 1. How many homes were damaged in the storm？

A. Fourteen. B. Twenty-two.

C. Twenty-nine. D. Thirty-six.

（ ） 2. Where was Mr Tan when the storm first began？

A. In the field. B. On the roof.

C. Inside the house. D. In the street.

（ ） 3. What did Mrs Wu and her children do when the

storm began？

A. They began to cry.

B. They took out their things.

C. They just went out for work.

D. They ran out of the house in time.

（ ） 4. The underlined word “shelter” in the last paragraph

means “____”.

A. something to eat B. something to wear

C. some place to stay in D. some place to study in

（ ） 5. What does the passage mainly talk about？

A. A terrible storm. B. A lucky woman.

C. Some clever people. D. Some good soldiers.

第五课时（Section B 3a—Self Check）

阅读选择填空

根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项。

In some Western countries， many children do chores to get pocket money （零花钱）. They usually start to do this when they are ten years old. School students have to do homework and study for tests. They dont have much free time on weekdays.  Young kids only do easy chores.  But thats enough. Many of them only want to buy candy.  They often help do the dishes， sweep the floor， or feed the pet cat or dog. When they get older， they want to buy more and more things. They want things that are more expensive than candy. So they have to work harder！  Some jobs are a good way for kids to learn new things. For example， they can learn how to use a lawnmower （割草机） or how to cook.

A. And candy is cheap！

B. So they dont get much money.

C. They often do chores on weekends.

D. Of course， their parents help them at first.

E. They often help their parents wash the family car， cut

the grass， or cook meals.

選词填空

阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空（每词限用一次）。

provide bad fair dirty chore

you clean become need easy

Most of us dont like doing chores. And most of us think that1the bathroom or cooking dinner for the family makes us tired. However， the fact is that someone has to do it. Most of the time， our parents have to do the housework. Is it really2 ？

Doing housework is really not as3as it sounds. If we all do our part， it will be less annoying （恼人的）. Why should your mother wash your4clothes？ You are able to take care of it yourself. Doing some chores will show that you are5more and more independent.

Some of us may think that we are too busy to do6 . But most parents work all day and are then expected to keep a clean house！ Dividing （分配） chores among the whole family will make everyones job much7 .

Learning to do housework can8you with important skills for the future. The next time you see something that9to be done at home， do it10and show that you can do anything！

书面表达

假设你是张云，某英文报社正在就“孩子做家务”这一话题展开征文活动。请你根据自己的体会写一篇短文，向该报社投稿。

提示：

1. What do you think of doing housework？

2. Why should teenagers help their parents with housework？

3. What is the good side for doing housework？

要求：

1.语句通顺、符合逻辑，可适当发挥;

2.80词左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear Sir or Madam，

Yours，

Zhang Yun