教学考试杂志社“优师计划”阶段性成果展示——高考重点题型相关试题选登

Passage 1

Once eating alone in a restaurant was a bit embarrassing.For it might suggest you didn’t have any family or ___41___ .There was a kind of shame attached to it.Nowadays,however,more and more people eat alone—for ___42___ .

People choose to eat alone for various reasons.“Foodies”—people who have a ___43___ interest in different cuisines—do it because all they need for their pleasure is the ___44___ to eat good food.They don’t want ___45___ or conversation,but only the joy of eating some food.

Others eat alone because it’s simply ___46___ for them to do so.It’s estimated that nearly a third of all the ___47___ of fastfood restaurants eat alone.They are ___48___ with their food fast,eat it fast and ___49___ fast—because they have a meeting to make or a child to ___50___ from school.

But for others,the appeal of eating alone is an experience of freedom.For the hour or so that it ___51___ to have a meal,they can forget all the pressure of their lives.They don’t have to ___52___ with their family or job.They relax and let their mind__53___ .Maybe they will bring a book,a(n) ___54___ or perhaps __55__ spy on the people around them.

Part of the appeal of this new ___56___ is surely that a meal taken alone is like a little holiday from the ___57___ of modern life,in which we have so much to do all the time.

David Annand,editor of a Traveler magazine,who delights ___58___ alone,speaks of his pleasure in the“rhythm of a meal in a restaurant”.That ___59___ him to sit back and“___60___,think”.

41.A.parents B.teachers

C.children D.friends

42.A.pleasure B.disappointment

C.sadness D.entertainment

43.A.strong B.little

C.current D.common

44.A.place B.idea

C.chance D.way

45.A.drinks B.cell phones

C.money D.company

46.A.affordable B.practical

C.cheap D.comfortable

47.A.customers B.passengers

C.travelers D.waiters

48.A.flooded B.served

C.filled D.ordered

49.A.slip B.pay

C.leave D.run

50.A.look for B.feed on

C.attend to D.pick up

51.A.takes B.spends

C.pays D.wastes

52.A.live B.work

C.deal D.compete

53.A.work B.concentrate

C.run D.wander

54.A.newspaper B.notebook

C.essay D.report

55.A.bravely B.nervously

C.shyly D.obviously

56.A.custom B.trend

C.discovery D.choice

57.A.trouble B.housework

C.noise D.business

58.A.playing B.relaxing

C.eating D.sitting

59.A.reminds B.informs

C.allows D.instructs

60.A.observe B.order

C.taste D.convey

【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。文章讲述了过去人们认为独自在餐馆吃饭会有点尴尬，但现在越来越多的人认为独自在餐馆吃饭非常快乐，既实用又放松。

41.D 考查名词辨析。

【解题分析】根据语境可知，在过去，一个人在餐馆吃饭被认为是一件很尴尬的事，因为这意味着那个人可能没有家人或朋友。D 项意为“朋友”，符合语境。故选D。

42.A 考查名词辨析。

【解题分析】根据上文中的“Nowadays,however”及语境可知，然而，现在越来越多的人为了开心而选择独自吃饭。A 项意为“开心，愉快”，符合语境。故选A。

43.A 考查形容词辨析。

【解题分析】根据下文中的“interest in different cuisines”可知，美食家是对不同的菜肴有着强烈兴趣的一群人。A 项意为“强烈的”，符合语境。故选A。

44.C 考查名词辨析。

【解题分析】根据第二段第一句“People choose to eat alone for various reasons.”及语境可知，喜欢独自用餐的人们是为了能有机会可以（独自）享用美食。C 项意为“机会”，符合语境。故选C。

45.D 考查名词辨析。

【解题分析】根据下文中的“but only the joy of eating some food”可知，选择独自用餐的人不需要他人的陪伴，也不需要和别人交谈，只是在享受着吃东西的快乐。故选D。

46.B 考查形容词辨析。

【解题分析】根据上下文语境可知，人们独自在餐馆用餐是为了快乐，而另外一些人则是因为简单实用而选择独自在快餐馆用餐。B 项意为“实用的”，符合语境。故选B。

47.A 考查名词辨析。

【解题分析】根据语境可知，在快餐店用餐的顾客中大约有三分之一都是独自用餐。A项意为“顾客”，符合语境。故选A。

48.B 考查动词辨析。

【解题分析】根据语境可知，餐馆会快速地为顾客上餐。serve sb.with sth.意为“给某人提供/供应……”，符合语境。故选B。

49.C 考查动词辨析。

【解题分析】根据语境可知，顾客选择在快餐馆用餐就是因为赶时间，他们会在用餐结束后快速离开。C 项意为“离开”，符合语境。故选C。

50.D 考查动词短语辨析。

【解题分析】根据语境可知，此处表示开车去学校接孩子。D 项意为“（用车）接某人”，符合语境。故选D。

51.A 考查动词辨析。

【解题分析】根据语境可知，此处表示花费时间吃饭。固定句式it takes (sb.) some time to do sth.表示“某人花费时间做某事”。故选A。

52.C 考查动词辨析。

【解题分析】根据上文中的“they can forget all the pressure of their lives”可知，他们可以忘掉所有生活中的压力，也不必处理家庭或工作上的事。deal with 意为“处理，应对”，符合语境。故选C。

53.D 考查动词辨析。

【解题分析】根据语境可知，有些人选择独自在餐馆用餐是为了放松，让大脑思绪游离。D项意为“游离，游荡”，符合语境。故选D。

54.A 考查名词辨析。

【解题分析】根据语境可知，有些人选择独自在餐馆用餐是为了放松，他们可能会带本书或拿份报纸来打发时间。A 项意为“报纸”，符合语境。故选A。

55.C 考查副词辨析。

【解题分析】根据下文中的“spy on the people around them”可知，有些人独自在餐馆用餐时会带本书或拿份报纸，或者可以小心地窥视餐馆四周的人。shyly 意为“小心地”，符合语境。故选C。

56.B 考查名词辨析。

【解题分析】根据第一段最后一句中的“more and more people eat alone”可推知，独自在餐馆用餐是一种新趋势。B 项意为“趋势”，符合语境。故选B。

57.D 考查名词辨析。

【解题分析】根据倒数第二段中的“in which we have so much to do all the time”可知，独自用餐（的时间）就像从现代生活的繁忙事务中解脱出来的一个小假期。business意为“业务，生意”，符合语境。故选D。

58.C 考查动词辨析。

【解题分析】根据语境可知，现在，独自在餐馆用餐是一种新趋势，David Annand 也不例外，他也以独自在餐馆用餐为乐趣。故选C。

59.C 考查动词辨析。

【解题分析】根据上下文语境可知，David Annand 喜欢一个人吃饭，是因为他可以在独自用餐的期间进行观察并思考。C 项意为“让，允许”，符合语境。故选C。

60.A 考查动词辨析。

【解题分析】根据语境可知，David Annand 以独自在餐馆用餐为乐趣，因为这可以让他坐在那里观察和思考。A 项意为“观察”，符合语境。故选A。

【长难句分析】“Foodies”—people who have a strong interest in different cuisines—do it because all they need for their pleasure is the chance to eat good food.（第二段第二句）

分析：本句是一个主从复合句。who 引导定语从句，修饰先行词people;because 引导原因状语从句；to eat good food 是不定式作目的状语。

译文：那些对不同菜系有着浓厚兴趣的美食家们选择独自用餐，是因为他们所需要的快乐就是能有机会享受美食。

词汇积累:embarrassing adj.尴尬的

estimate v.评价，判断freedom n.自由

Passage 2

As the train picked up its speed,the passengers slowly settled down on their seats.I ___41___ the lower bed,so that I could enjoy the beauty outside from the moving train.I don’t know why I always preferred to get the ___42___ seat.An elderly lady ___43___ the front seat of mine.I looked at her.She must be in her eighties,I guessed.At one point,we met our ___44___ .She smiled at me.With politeness,I gave her response.Both of us were ___45___ .By that time,the train was at its full speed.

It was 6:50 pm,evening time.So,___46___ time was still a long way.I couldn’t ___47___ myself any longer and asked,“Auntie! Where are you going?” She looked at me and __48__ said,“Army camp,dear.” Suddenly my enthusiasm ___49___ to know the reason.I politely said,“Auntie,you are visiting someone?” She smiled ___50___ and said,“Yes!”

Just to ___51___ the conversation,I talked to her in a very happy mood,“Auntie,you must be feeling so ___52___ to see your child and your grand children.”Perhaps,this ___53___ hurt her a little but courageously she answered,“Oh,dear! You are so sweet! ___54___,I had only one son who joined the army and was ___55___ by the terrorist attack just few days before.I bought so many new clothes with the winter items for him.So,I thought why not I would ___56___ my son’s clothes to some other soldiers,so that I would ___57___ my sorrow and would be happy thinking that my own son has ___58___ it.He was a bachelor,so I don’t have any grandchild.”

I was astonished hearing her heartbreaking ___59___ ! But I respected the old lady from the center of my heart.I was thinking of her ___60___ heart!

41.A.reserved B.purchased

C.checked D.managed

42.A.corner B.window

C.door D.hall

43.A.attempted B.evaluated

C.occupied D.squeezed

44.A.hands B.legs

C.faces D.eyes

45.A.angry B.funny

C.upset D.silent

46.A.meal B.bed

C.life D.work

47.A.enjoy B.help

C.resist D.blame

48.A.friendly B.carefully

C.nervously D.sadly

49.A.tended B.prepared

C.applied D.doubled

50.A.eagerly B.gratefully

C.proudly D.mysteriously

51.A.continue B.finish

C.start D.monitor

52.A.surprised B.excited

C.confused D.moved

53.A.family B.question

C.means D.point

54.A.Thus B.Instead

C.Anyway D.Still

55.A.threatened B.wounded

C.frightened D.killed

56.A.spare B.lead

C.add D.refer

57.A.hold back B.set about

C.suffer from D.turn down

58.A.forgot B.hidden

C.left D.worn

59.A.excuse B.story

C.puzzle D.trip

60.A.wild B.soft

C.brave D.honest

【文章大意】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者在火车上遇到了一位老妇人，并得知这位老妇人的儿子在几天前的恐怖袭击中去世了。她专程坐火车去军营，将她为儿子买来过冬的新衣服赠予了其他士兵，将快乐和幸福带给了他人。

41.A 考查动词辨析。

【解题分析】根据下文中的“so that I could enjoy the beauty outside from the moving train”可知，作者预定了下铺以便能在火车上欣赏窗外的风景。reserve 意为“预定”，符合语境。purchase 意为“购买”；check 意为“检查”；manage 意为“管理”，均与语境不符。故选A。

42.B 考查名词辨析。

【解题分析】根据上文中的“I could enjoy the beauty outside from the moving train”可知，作者可以看到窗外的风景。由此可推知，作者更喜欢坐在靠窗的座位上。window 意为“窗户”，符合语境。故选B。

43.C 考查动词辨析。

【解题分析】根据下文中的“the front seat of mine”可知，一位老妇人坐在作者的前座。occupy 意为“占有”，符合语境。故选C。

44.D 考查名词辨析。

【解题分析】根据上文“I looked at her.”以及下文“She smiled at me.”可知，作者和那位老妇人对上了眼神。eye意为“眼睛”，符合语境。故选D。

45.D 考查形容词辨析。

【 解题分析】根据上文“She smiled at me.With politeness,I gave her response.”可知，两人互相向对方表达了礼貌的微笑后，便没有再说什么，都保持着沉默。silent 意为“沉默的”，符合语境。故选D。

46.B 考查名词辨析。

【解题分析】根据上文“It was 6:50 pm,evening time.”以及下文中的“was still a long way”可知，现在是下午六点五十分，离睡觉的时间还早。bed time 意为“睡觉时间”，符合语境。故选B。

47.C 考查动词辨析。

【解题分析】根据语境可知，作者与那位老妇人一直沉默相对。直到晚上，作者终于情不自禁地想和那位老妇人聊会天。resist 意为“忍住”，符合语境。故选C。

48.A 考查副词辨析。

【解题分析】根据上文中老妇人对作者的友好态度以及下文中老妇人的回答“Army camp,dear”可知，这位老妇人是友好的。friendly 意为“友好地”,符合语境。故选A。

49.D 考查动词辨析。

【解题分析】根据语境可知，当作者得知老妇人要去军营时，作者突然想知晓其中的原因，这使得作者的好奇心倍增。double 意为“倍增，加倍”，符合语境。故选D。

50.C 考查副词辨析。

【解题分析】根据语境可知，老妇人要去军营，因此当作者询问她是否是去看望某个人时，这位老妇人自豪地承认了。proudly 意为“自豪地”，符合语境。故选C。

51.A 考查动词辨析。

【解题分析】根据语境可知，作者想继续与老妇人聊天。continue 意为“继续”，符合语境。故选A。

52.B 考查形容词辨析。

【解题分析】根据下文中的“to see your child and your grand children”可知，作者认为老妇人将见到她好久不见的孩子和孙子一定很激动。excited 意为“激动的”，符合语境。故选B。

53.B 考查名词辨析。

【解题分析】根据上文及下文中的“hurt her a little but courageously she answered”可知，作者问的这个问题好像有些伤害到了老妇人。question 意为“问题”，符合语境。故选B。

54.C 考查副词辨析。

【解题分析】根据语境可知，作者认为老妇人去军营见到她的孩子时会很开心；而下文中老妇人却说她唯一的儿子在不久前的恐怖袭击中去世了。由此可知，anyway 意为“不管怎样”，在此陈述事实，符合语境。故选C。

55.D 考查动词辨析。

【解题分析】根据下文中的“by the terrorist attack just few days before”以及倒数第二段倒数第二句中的“sorrow”可知，在不久前的恐怖袭击中老妇人的儿子牺牲了。kill意为“杀死”，符合语境。故选D。

56.A 考查动词辨析。

【解题分析】根据语境可知，老妇人的儿子牺牲了，所以她为儿子买的衣服也就变得无人可穿了，因此她想将这些衣服分发给其他的士兵。spare 意为“分发”，符合语境。lead 意为“领导”；add 意为“增加”；refer 意为“谈到”，均与语境不符。故选A。

57.A 考查动词短语辨析。

【解题分析】根据语境可知，老妇人认为将自己给儿子准备的新衣服分发给其他士兵可以抑制自己的悲伤，让自己的心情变好。hold back 意为“抑制”，符合语境。set about 意为“着手”；suffer from 意为“遭受”；turn down 意为“拒绝”，均与语境不符。故选A。

58.D 考查动词辨析。

【解题分析】根据语境可知，老妇人认为当士兵们穿着她原本给自己的儿子准备的新衣服时就好像自己的儿子在穿着一样。forget 意为“忘记”；hide 意为“隐藏”；leave 意为“留下”；wear 意为“穿戴”，符合语境。故选D。

59.B 考查名词辨析。

【解题分析】根据上文语境可知，老妇人向作者讲述了自己的故事。story 意为“故事，经历”，符合语境。故选B。

60.C 考查形容词辨析。

【解题分析】通读全文可知，这位老妇人并没有沉溺在失去独子的悲痛中，而是将原本她为儿子准备的物品赠予了其他的士兵。由此可推知，作者十分敬佩这位老妇人，认为她有一颗勇敢的心。brave 意为“勇敢的”，符合语境。故选C。

【长难句分析】So,I thought why not I would spare my son’s clothes to some other soldiers,so that I would hold back my sorrow and would be happy thinking that my own son has worn it.（第三段倒数第二句）

分析：本句是一个复合句。so that 引导结果状语从句；that 引导宾语从句。

译文：因此，我想为什么我不把儿子的新衣服分发给其他的士兵呢，这样我就会抑制自己的悲伤，并且一想到这就像是我自己的儿子在穿这些衣服，我的心情也会好起来。

词汇积累：response n.答复 astonished adj.惊讶的

respect v.尊敬

Passage 3

The interesting thing about Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome(埃莱尔—当洛综合征) is that it’s not rare.It affects one in 5 000 people,which is quite ___41___,but it’s seldom diagnosed（诊断）.I was a gymnast from the time I could ___42___ .However,at the age of 10,my life completely ___43___ .

I had a severe back ___44___ when I was ___45___ in the gym.When I was doing the training,I ___46___ in a way that my feet bent back over my head,with my chest on the ground.When I was diagnosed,I found my mom had it,and that my grandmother had ___47___ had two spinal(脊柱的)surgeries without being diagnosed.It’s unfortunately genetic.The solution was to have the ___48___ surgery,which was definitely not an easy ___49___ for me.But after I began to ___50___ this and made a choice to go through the surgery on the brain,things got better.

The time after the ___51___ was really tough.I took about 30 to 40 different ___52___ per day to get through it.___53___ I would end up in a lot of pain or ___54___ on the ground.But my hard work ___55___ off.Gradually,I am able to walk and even begin to live a ___56___ life now.

Sometimes you have to make a choice — to let the ___57___ in your life defeat you or to ___58___ it.It’s not ___59___ and there’s a price,but I’ve made the choice to ___60___ that everything is possible.

41.A.significant B.common

C.reasonable D.valuable

42.A.talk B.study

C.walk D.see

43.A.faded B.began

C.improved D.changed

44.A.injury B.illness

C.ache D.ruin

45.A.playing B.watching

C.practicing D.sliding

46.A.ran B.played

C.danced D.landed

47.A.previously B.later

C.eventually D.afterwards

48.A.back B.leg

C.brain D.foot

49.A.task B.project

C.decision D.recognition

50.A.accept B.receive

C.deliver D.achieve

51.A.expectation B.discussion

C.competition D.operation

52.A.lessons B.pills

C.books D.food

53.A.So B.Or else

C.And D.But

54.A.pass out B.bring down

C.give out D.turn down

55.A.went B.paid

C.put D.laid

56.A.happy B.successful

C.good D.normal

57.A.opportunity B.possibility

C.difficulty D.coincidence

58.A.attack B.overcome

C.strike D.hit

59.A.easy B.obvious

C.accurate D.simple

60.A.decide B.perform

C.debate D.show

【文章大意】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了一位身患埃莱尔·当洛综合征的体操运动员凭借自身毅力战胜病魔的故事。

41.B 考查形容词辨析。

【解题分析】根据上文中的“is that it’s not rare”可知，这种综合征并不罕见，是很普遍的。A 项意为“重要的”；B 项意为“普遍的”；C 项意为“合理的”；D 项意为“有价值的”。故选B。

42.C 考查动词辨析。

【解题分析】根据下文内容尤其是第三段最后一句中的“I am able to walk”可知，由于作者生病了，所以他行走困难。由此可推知，在作者还是一名体操运动员时，他可以正常行走。walk 意为“走”，符合语境。故选C。

43.D 考查动词辨析。

【解题分析】根据第二段第一句“I had a severe back when I was in the gym.” 可知，作者在体育馆训练时发生了意外。由此可推知，作者的人生完全改变了。change 意为“改变”，符合语境。故选D。

44.A 考查名词辨析。

【解题分析】根据第二段第二句中的“I in a way that my feet bent back over my head,with my chest on the ground”可知，作者在体育馆中训练时，因脚举过头顶，胸部着地而受伤。A 项意为“损伤”；B 项意为“疾病”；C 项意为“疼痛”；D 项意为“毁灭”。故选A。

45.C 考查动词辨析。

【解题分析】根据下文中的“I was doing the training”可知，作者是在体育馆中练习时受伤的。practice 意为“练习”，符合语境。故选C。

46.D 考查动词辨析。

【解题分析】根据语境可知，此处表示作者摔倒了。land 意为“摔落”，符合语境。故选D。

47.A 考查副词辨析。

【解题分析】根据语境可知，此处表示作者的祖母之前做过两次脊柱手术，但都没有被诊断出患上了此疾病。previously 意为“以前”，符合语境。故选A。

48.C 考查名词辨析。

【解题分析】根据第二段最后一句中的“go through the surgery on the brain”可知，解决方案是做脑部手术。故选C。

49.C 考查名词辨析。

【解题分析】根据语境可知，作者认为接受脑部手术对他来说是个不容易的决定。故选C。

50.A 考查动词辨析。

【解题分析】根据上文中的“not an easy for me”可知，接受脑部手术对作者来说并不容易。但在作者接受了现实并选择做脑部手术之后，情况逐渐开始好转。A 项意为“接受”；B 项意为“收到”；C 项意为“递送”；D 项意为“获得，实现”。故选A。

51.D 考查名词辨析。

【解题分析】根据上文中的“go through the surgery on the brain”可知，作者进行脑部手术之后的生活变得很困难。operation 意为“手术”，符合语境。故选D。

52.B 考查名词辨析。

【解题分析】根据语境可知，作者需要每天服用三十到四十粒药。故选B。

53.B 考查连词（短语）辨析。

【解题分析】根据下文中的“I would end up in a lot of pain”可知，如果作者不服药，就会感到很痛苦。or else意为“否则”，符合语境。故选B。

54.A 考查动词短语辨析。

【解题分析】根据上文中的“I would end up in a lot of pain”可推知，如果作者不服药，就会感到很痛苦甚至昏倒在地。A 项意为“昏倒”；B 项意为“击败……”；C项意为“耗尽”；D 项意为“拒绝”。故选A。

55.B 考查动词辨析。

【解题分析】根据下文中的“I am able to walk”可知，作者的努力没有白费，他能够重新走路了。pay off 意为“得到回报，得到好结果”，符合语境。故选B。

56.D 考查形容词辨析。

【解题分析】根据上文中的“I am able to walk”可知，作者可以过正常的生活了。normal 意为“正常的”，符合语境。故选D。

57.C 考查名词辨析。

【解题分析】根据语境可知，有时我们需要做出是让困难打败你还是你去克服困难的选择。A 项意为“机会”；B 项意为“可能性”；C 项意为“困难”；D 项意为“巧合”。故选C。

58.B 考查动词辨析。

【解题分析】根据语境可知，此处表示当遇到困难时，你可以选择让困难打败你或是你去克服它。A 项意为“袭击”；B 项意为“克服”；C 项意为“罢工”；D 项意为“打”。故选B。

59.A 考查形容词辨析。

【解题分析】根据第二段倒数第二句中的“which was definitely not an easy ”可知，克服困难并不容易，而且还需要付出代价。easy 意为“容易的”，符合语境。故选A。

60.D 考查动词辨析。

【解题分析】通读全文可知，作者用自己的行动向读者证明了一切都是可能的。show 意为“表明，证明”，符合语境。故选D。

【长难句分析】When I was diagnosed，I found my mom had it,and that my grandmother had previously had two spinal(脊柱的) surgeries without being diagnosed.（第二段第三句）

分析：本句是一个主从复合句。When 引导时间状语从句; found 后为由and 连接的两个宾语从句。

译文：在我接受诊断的时候，我发现我的妈妈以及之前做过两次脊柱手术的祖母都患有埃莱尔·当洛综合征，这在此前都没有被诊断出来。

词汇积累:gymnast n.体操运动员

severe adj.严重的gym n.体育馆

tough adj.艰难的

get through 度过困难,完成