地西泮联合盐酸消旋山莨菪碱在初产妇产程中消除宫颈水肿的应用效果

2020-10-09 10:29谢婷李斐刘满英黄为兰陈银凤
中国当代医药 2020年22期
关键词:产程盐酸宫颈

谢婷 李斐 刘满英 黄为兰 陈银凤

[摘要]目的 探讨地西泮联合盐酸消旋山莨菪碱在初产妇产程中消除宫颈水肿的效果。方法 选取2017年1月~2020年1月我院收治的140例阴道试产的初产妇作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法将其分为研究组(70例)和对照组(70例)。研究组给予地西泮联合盐酸消旋山莨菪碱静脉推注,对照组给予单独地西泮静脉推注。记录两组产妇的用药后至宫口开全时间、总产程、产后出血量、剖宫产率、新生儿窒息情况、宫颈水肿症状消失率及不良反应发生率。结果 研究组产妇的用药后宫口开全时间为(188.32±29.83)min,短于對照组的(246.28±30.24)min,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组产妇的总产程为(313.62±31.82)min,短于对照组的(372.28±33.28)min,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组产妇的产后出血量为(182.37±48.39)ml,少于对照组的(233.29±50.28)ml,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组产妇的剖宫产率为4.29%,低于对照组的15.71%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组产妇的宫颈水肿症状消失率为97.14%,高于对照组的82.86%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组产妇的不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 地西泮联合盐酸消旋山莨菪碱在初产妇产程中能够有效消除宫颈水肿,缩短宫口开全时间,缩短产程,缓解宫颈痉挛,减少产后出血,降低剖宫产率,改善母婴结局,值得临床推广应用。

[关键词]地西泮;盐酸消旋山莨菪碱;宫颈水肿;初产妇

[中图分类号] R714          [文献标识码] A          [文章编号] 1674-4721(2020)8(a)-0114-04

Application effect of Diazepam combined with Racemic Anisodamine Hydrochloride in the elimination of cervical edema during the delivery of primipara

XIE Ting   LI Fei   LIU Man-ying   HUANG Wei-lan   CHEN Yin-feng

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ganxian People′s Hospital of Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province, Ganzhou   341100, China

[Abstract] Objective To explore the effect of Diazepam combined with Racemic Anisodamine Hydrochloride in the elimination of cervical edema during the delivery of primipara. Methods A total of 140 primiparas of vaginal trial labor who were admitted to our hospital from January 2017 to January 2020 were selected as the research objects, and were divided into study group (70 cases) and control group (70 cases) according to the random number table method. The study group was given intravenous injection of Diazepam combined with Racemic Anisodamine Hydrochlo, and the control group was given intravenous injection of Diazepam alone. The time from medication to opening of the uterus, total labor stage, postpartum hemorrhage, cesarean section rate, neonatal asphyxia, disappearance rate of cervical edema and adverse reaction rate of the two groups were recorded. Results The time from medication to opening of the uterus in the study group was (188.32±29.83) min, which was shorter than that in the control group of (246.28±30.24) min, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The total labor stage in the study group was (313.62±31.82) min, which was shorter than that in the control group of (372.28±33.28) min, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The postpartum hemorrhage of the study group was (182.37±48.39) ml, less than that in the control group of (233.29±50.28) ml, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The maternal cesarean section rate in the study group was 4.29%, lower than that in the control group (15.71%), the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The disappearance rate of maternal cervical edema in the study group was 97.14%, high than that in the control group of 82.86%, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion Diazepam combined with Racemic Anisodamine Hydrochloride can effectively eliminate cervical edema in the perinatal period of perinatal women, it could shorten the full opening time of the uterus, shorten the labor process, relieve cervical spasm, reduce postpartum hemorrhage, reduce cesarean section rate, and improve maternal and infant outcomes, worthy of clinical application.

临床上多使用地西泮治疗肌肉痉挛、精神焦虑患者[15]。产程中宫颈水肿患者的宫颈平滑肌僵硬,延展性降低,使用地西泮能起到抗宫颈痉挛的效果[16]。地西泮可以选择性作用于大脑边缘系统,可作为中枢性松肌药,使得子宫与宫颈平滑肌松弛,从而降低子宫内血管张力,促进宫颈血液回流,缓解宫颈水肿症状[17]。且地西泮能够增加前列腺素的释放,从而增加胶原酶活性,促进宫颈成熟[18]。因此将地西泮应用产程中宫颈水肿的患者,能起到消除宫颈水肿的作用。

盐酸消旋山莨菪碱属于阿托品类药物,具有外周抗M胆碱受体作用,能够在分娩过程中软化子宫颈,消除子宫平滑肌痉挛、微血管痉挛,促进宫颈血液循环和子宫颈口扩张[19]。所以将盐酸消旋山莨菪碱应用于产程中宫颈水肿患者,可以起到减轻痉挛疼痛,促进产程进程的作用[20]。

本研究中,研究组产妇使用地西泮联合盐酸消旋山莨菪碱治疗,对照组产妇单独使用地西泮解除宫颈水肿。①研究结果显示,研究组产妇的用药后宫口开全时间和总产程均短于对照组(P<0.05)。提示地西泮联合盐酸消旋山莨菪碱能够更快地消除宫颈水肿,缩短产程,也减小了对产妇及新生儿的危害。②本研究结果还显示,研究组产妇的产后出血量少于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),提示地西泮联合盐酸消旋山莨菪碱对于产妇的产后恢复有比较好的效果。同时本研究中,两组产妇的不良发应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但两组的不良反应发生率均较低,地西泮联合盐酸消旋山莨菪碱方案下产妇的不良反应发生率为2.86%,单独用药方案下产妇不良反应发生率为8.57%,提示地西泮联合盐酸消旋山莨菪碱用于消除产妇宫颈水肿,其多种产后不良反应发生率较低,具有一定的安全性。③本研究结果显示,研究组产妇的剖宫产率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组的新生儿窒息率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),提示地西泮联合盐酸消旋山莨菪碱方案下,能够较好地改善母婴结局,降低不良母婴结局的发生率,促进产妇及新生儿健康水平的提升。④本研究结果显示,研究组产妇的宫颈水肿症状消失率(82.86%)高于对照组(97.14%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。提示地西泮联合盐酸消旋山莨菪碱有利于促进宫颈水肿症状的消失。因此本研究认为地西泮联合盐酸消旋山莨菪碱方案在解除产程宫颈水肿中的效果更好,产妇宫颈水肿消失率更高,生产过程更顺利,更有利于保障产妇及新生儿的健康,改善不良母婴结局。

综上所述,在初产妇分娩过程中,地西泮联合盐酸消旋山莨菪碱能够有效消除产妇宫颈水肿,缩短宫口开全时间,缩短产程时间,缓解宫颈痉挛,减少产后出血,降低剖宫产率,改善母婴结局,值得在临床中推广应用。

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(收稿日期:2020-03-27)

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