糖尿病老年患者行人工髋关节置换术的围手术期护理干预效果观察

肖红玉　钟红华

[摘要] 目的 观察围手术期护理干预在糖尿病老年患者行人工髋关节置换术中的护理效果及影响。方法 2017年2月—2019年3月间纳入该院行人工髋关节置换术的老年糖尿病患者共74例为护理研究对象，开展回顾性分析，将其分为对照组与干预组，各组均为37例。对照组接受常规围手术期护理，干预组接受围手术期护理干预。对比两组手术前后血糖指标变化、髋关节功能评分变化，术后恢复指标及手术并发症情况。结果 血糖指标及髋关节功能评分术前检验、测评结果组间对比差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。术后，干预组血糖指标、髋关节功能评分、术后恢复指标均明显优于干预组，干预组手术并发症率低于对照组（P<0.05）。结论 围手术期护理干预的应用，可实现对糖尿病老年患者血糖变化及髋关节置换术预后效果的有效改善，护理效果显著。

[关键词] 人工髋关节置换术;围手术期护理干预;护理效果

[中图分类号] R47          [文献标识码] A          [文章编号] 1672-4062（2020）02（b）-0153-03

[Abstract] Objective To observe the nursing effect and influence of perioperative nursing intervention on artificial hip joint replacement in elderly patients with diabetes. Methods From February 2017 to MaA total of 74 elderly diabetic patients who underwent artificial hip arthroplasty in our hospital were the nursing research subjects. A retrospective analysis was performed and they were divided into the control group and the intervention group， with 37 cases in each group. The control group received routine perioperative nursing， and the intervention group received perioperative nursing intervention. The changes of blood glucose index， hip function score， postoperative recovery index and surgical complications were compared between the two groups. Results There were no statistically significant differences in blood glucose indexes and hip function scores between preoperative tests and evaluation groups（P>0.05）. Postoperatively， the blood glucose index， hip function score， and postoperative recovery index of the intervention group were significantly better than those of the intervention group， and the complication rate of the intervention group was lower than that of the control group （P<0.05）. Conclusion The application of perioperative nursing intervention can effectively improve the blood glucose change and prognosis of hip replacement in elderly patients with diabetes， and the nursing effect is significant.

[Key words] Artificial hip replacement; Perioperative nursing intervention; Nursing effect

糖尿病作為临床常见的手术合并症，患者血糖的变化对手术时间安排及手术效果均具有显著影响，特别是对于人工髋关节置管术手术类型而言，血糖指标异常对患者术后创伤愈合、机体感染抵御机能等均具有明显不良影响，而糖尿病老年患者自身血糖水平较高且免疫机能较差，故其在人工髋关节置换术后的感染风险较为明显，故不仅需在术前做好对糖尿病手术患者血糖的纠正治疗，还需通过围手术期护理干预方式的合理选取，实现对其血糖稳定性及手术安全性的有效维护[1-2]。护理干预作为基于医学理论学科而发展形成的护理干预措施，可通过相应护理措施的开展，实现对患者手术预后并发症的有效预防，且在临床中具有较为广泛的应用。因此，为观察围手术期护理干预在糖尿病老年患者行人工髋关节置换术中的护理效果及影响，特开展该次研究，现分析2017年2月—2019年3月间在该院行人工髋关节置换术的老年糖尿病患者74例的临床资料，报道如下。

1  资料与方法