高考英语安慰信写作指导

王娟

一、题型解读

安慰信一般是向失败者、愁苦者、生病者、不幸者或遇到天灾人祸的人表示安慰或同情的信件。

如2014年安徽的高考书面表达：

为了帮助中学生健康成长，某中学英文报开辟了“HEART- TO-HEART”专栏。假设你是该栏目的编辑Jamie，收到一封署名为Worried的求助信。信中该同学向你诉说了自己的困扰：近日容易发脾气，使正常的学习和生活受到了影响。请用英文给该同学写一封回信。要点如下：

1. 表示理解并给予安慰;

2. 提出建议并说明理由。

又如2018年东北三省高三第一次联合模拟考试的书面表达：

假设你叫李华，你的澳洲朋友Devin参加汉语水平考试（HSK）未能通过，所以很沮丧。请你写一封信，安慰一下你的朋友。内容包括：

1. 对考试失利的安慰;

2. 对汉语学习提出建议。

温馨提示：

安慰信中的“李华”的角色一般来说主要分成两类：一类是“中国高三党”，一类是报纸或栏目的“编辑”。“李华”需要就自己的外国朋友或者读者遇到的问题进行安慰，如“考试失利”“学习进展不理想”“考试压力过大”“人际交往出状况”“适应新环境有困难”“遇到不幸事件”等。

二、谋篇布局

“安慰信”，名字已经表明这种信件的其中一部分就是安慰段。不过，安慰信一般都不会是纯安慰信，安慰段后一般都有建议段。

另外，由于安慰信都是回信，所以安慰信的开头一般都不用写问候语，而是直接引出事情（对方遇到的问题），表达写信者的感受。

此外，基于文章的完整性，安慰信还有最后一段——结尾段，用来表达良好祝愿。

也就是说，安慰信一般分为四段，分别是：引出事情，表达感受——安慰——提出建议——表达良好的祝愿。

温馨提示：

安慰信里的“建议”段的笔墨一般比“安慰”段的笔墨要多一些。

三、高分秘籍

一封可以真正安慰到收信人并帮助收信人解决问题的信才是一封好的安慰信，所以考生要学会合理到位地安慰收信人并提出有效的建议才能舒缓收信人的心理问题并帮忙解决实际问题。考生可以主要从以下两大方面思考：

1. 安慰段要有同理心。

一般可以采用以下两种方式写：

（1）你有我也有，事实上问题大家都有。

如前面2014安徽的高考书面表达的安慰段可以写成Being a teenager， who sometimes meet similar problems as well， I can understand the situation you are in. As a matter of fact， everyone will have one of those periods when everything seems to be going wrong. Therefore， you dont need to be too worried about it.就很有说服力。

遇到“你的美国笔友David来信说自己在学校和同班同学发生争执，导致关系紧张，他很苦恼。”这样的问题，安慰段可以写成To be frank， I totally understand your feeling/ can understand how you feel because I had the same experience as well. Actually， not only may you have conflict with classmates， but also we other people will have unpleasant arguments with friends. Therefore， you dont need to be too sensitive about it.

又如“你在北京的美籍朋友Ben来信跟你抱怨中文难学，他觉得学了很长时间，但进步缓慢，所以很沮丧。”，安慰段可以写成Frankly speaking， I can really relate to you because I sometimes have the same problem in English learning as well. As a matter of fact， language learning is a long process， during which we should put in countless efforts. Therefore， dont be too worried. It is not so bad as you think.

（2）你確实不容易，但是……

如“Henry班输了上周的篮球赛。Henry认为是他未能投进最后一球所造成的，有的队友也因此而责怪他。”作为Henry的朋友，“李华”写安慰段的时候可以写成It is not easy being in your situation and it is normal to have such feelings. However， dont be too hard on yourself. You know， basketball is about team effort. Its never just one persons fault. What matters is that you should learn from the games as well as your mistakes. Besides， you need to think about how you can do better next time.

2. 建議段里的建议要具体有效。

（1）建议避免“空大泛”。

如前面参加汉语水平考试（HSK）未能通过的建议段如果写成：The first thing you should do is to get rid of depression and cultivate interest in learning Chinese. Without interest， it is difficult for us to stick to one thing. Besides， you ought to set achievable targets. 收信人就会感觉写信人说的都是大道理，解决不了实际问题。

（2）说明建议的时候要注意论证的合理性。如：

As the saying goes， genius is nothing but labour and diligence. You are supposed to have faith that you will pass the exam.和As the saying goes， no cross， no crown. Although learning Chinese is not an easy task， you should have confidence to do it.这两个建议提得就“前不搭后”了。注意：论据要为论点服务。

3. 首段积累一些话题词汇。

前面说了，安慰信的第一段一般是引出事情（对方遇到的问题），表达写信者的感受，所以考生平常要积累一些安慰信里通常会出现的问题的相关词汇和感受词汇。如suffer from， be under great pressure， feel at a loss， let sb. down， lose heart， bother， upset， depressed， disappoint， frustration， annoyance等。

温馨提示：

安慰信里的“问题”一般不会严重到令考生产生太强烈的感受，所以一般不用类似heart-felt sympathy， great sorrow， heartbreaking这么沉重的词汇。

此外，要积累建议段提建议的“高级”句式。

四、学以致用

1. 完成“参加汉语水平考试（HSK）未能通过”这封安慰信（题目见前文）。

2. 假定你是高三学生李华，你的澳大利亚朋友David因自己国家新冠状病毒肺炎疫情扩散，处于焦虑和郁闷中。请你写一封信，安慰一下你的朋友。内容包括：

1. 对其表示关心和安慰;

2. 个人应对的具体措施。

注意：

1. 词数100左右;

2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

参考范文

Dear Devin，

Learning that you failed to pass HSK， and you feel upset about it， I am writing to share my opinions with you and give you some suggestions.

To be frank， I totally understand your feeling because I failed IELTS more than once. However， I think it is important to develop a right attitude towards exams. After all， they are only a means of checking how we are getting on with our study， so there is no need to care too much about grades.

Personally， to tackle the problem， what counts most is analyzing the cause of the failure and look for proper solutions. As the saying goes， failure can be a learning experience， an opportunity for a fresh start. Therefore， you are supposed to learn from the mistakes that you have made. Besides， there is another rule - read more Chinese materials and pay close attention to the formal use of Chinese words and expressions， which can contribute a lot to Chinese learning.

Hopefully， my suggestions will prove practical to you. Wish you an even more prosperous future！

Yours sincerely，

Li Hua

Dear David，

Im sorry to hear that your country is in bad condition due to the spread of COVID-19， which upsets and worries you. I am writing this letter， aiming to share my opinions with you and put forward some suggestions.

To be frank， I totally understand how you feel because I had the similar feeling at the end of January when the epidemic first broke out. Actually， anyone may feel sort of anxious faced with such a situation. However， there is no sense worrying about it too much. Instead， you are supposed to stay optimistic. Just like China， Australia will certainly win the battle and make a full recovery with joint efforts.

Here I would like to give you some advice on how to fight against this epidemic. At this particular time， it is essential/ advocated that you go out as little as possible and avoid gatherings. Do wear protective masks while you are in the open air， which helps to cut down the risk of being attacked by the virus. Meanwhile， keeping healthy habits like washing hands frequently and keep your body clean is of great importance. Whats more， it is a good idea to do exercise on a regular basis so as to keep yourself strong.

Hopefully， my suggestions will prove practical to you. Feel free to contact me if there is anything I can do for you.

Yours，

Li Hua

責任编辑蒋小青