Research on bionic design of Shared bikes

As a humanized design concept，bionic design can easily reflect the hidden traits and natural emotions of the product itself by incorporating bionic elements into the product design，thereby narrowing the distance between the product and the person. In the field of shared bicycles，designers can combine bionics and design through methods such as form bionics，color bionics，texture and texture bionics，and innovate more humane shared bicycle products.

Application of morphological bionic design

Natural form is the main source of bionic objects in bionic design activities. At the same time，"shape" is also the core element of shared bicycle design. "Shape" includes the overall outline of the bicycle，the spatial structure and the connection structure between various components.

The designer Jia LingHu designed a bicycle called "Zapfina" based on the shape of human skeletal muscles. The "Z"-shaped body frame of this bicycle is like a human joint，which can absorb impact and protect moving parts such as chains and gears. It not only improves the durability of the bicycle，but also ensures the riding safety of the user. The designer created this unique bicycle by combining bionics and design by using form bionics.

A graduate student from Jilin University used the shapes of horses and bulls as bionic objects to design the shape of bicycles in his graduation creation. The author abstracted the representative shape symbols of the horse and the bull，so that the overall shape of the bicycle not only reflects the graceful lines of the horse，but also contains the sense of strength of the bull.

Some foreign brands have applied form bionics to similar bicycle products-electric bicycles，and have also made innovations in the form of the car body，reflecting the brand's pursuit of the harmony and unity of art and technology，nature and humans.

Audi's concept carbon fiber electric bicycle "Wrthersee" was designed by the Munich Concept Design Studio. Through the bionics of insect forms，combined with the design principles of bicycle racing，this bionic design product was finally created. The electric bicycle "508E-BIKE" launched by Renault，France，is inspired by the shape of a lion. The designer captures the lines of the back，legs，and abdomen of the lion's body，and converges these lines of power into the body shape design.，Which makes the whole body show a sense of rhythm of sprinting forward. These two conceptual electric vehicles using morphological bionic design have given great reference value to the design of shared bicycles.

Color bionic design application

Color bionics is a bionic color sensation through the excellent color functions and forms of natural biological systems，and is selectively applied to the color design of products.

Among the major bicycle-sharing brands，the color choices of many brands capture people's visual and psychological sensitivity to color. It is worth mentioning that the ofo brand uses the natural warning color of the hornet-yellow，and the hornet body is yellow and black. The stripes can make the enemy easy to identify and prevent themselves from being attacked. So ofo chose to match the colors of the bicycle with black and yellow. First of all，users of shared bicycles are relatively dangerous compared to those who drive，and the yellow body on the road allows drivers to notice the reminder color，which protects the safety of shared bicycle users;secondly，ofo is in Black is used on the basket，pedals and lock frame to balance the color of the entire body. Even if there are too many vehicles on the road，pedestrians and drivers passing by will not have greater psychological pressure. Adding color bionics to the design of shared bicycles can make bicycles different from other brands while increasing users' sense of safety when driving.

Texture refers to the visual and tactile feelings given to people by the texture and structural organization of the surface of an object，and it expresses people's feelings on the surface texture characteristics of the product. In the design of shared bicycles，different materials and different processing methods can produce different texture effects. Using natural texture and texture as design features to express the quality and style of shared bicycles has become an indispensable part of shared bicycle design. Visual elements.

When users use shared bicycles in rainy weather，they are often troubled by the heavy rain on the bicycle seats and handlebars and it is difficult to clean them quickly. This will greatly reduce the user's experience of using shared bicycles in rainy weather. And the lotus in the pond can "leave the mud without staining，clear the ripples without being demonized"，it is precisely because the surface of the lotus leaf has nano-scale folds，and this micro-level fold texture makes it repel any foreign attachments. Properties，so it has the function of self-cleaning and non-sticking. This kind of texture bionic material can be used on the seat and handlebars of shared bicycles to optimize the user's experience in rainy weather.

The recognition of shared bicycles at night is very low，which is not conducive to the use of shared bicycles at night. Scientists have discovered that fireflies not only have high luminous efficiency，but the cold light they emit is generally very soft，irritating the human eyes very little，and the intensity of light is relatively high. Therefore，designers can assemble luciferin and luciferase as biological light sources in key positions such as pedals，handlebars，and spokes of shared bicycles，so that users can find free bicycles at night and reduce the occurrence of traffic accidents.

作者简介：

郑晶晶（1996.1.19），女，汉族，山东济南，齐鲁工学大学艺术设计学院，19级在读研究，硕士学位，专业：艺术设计，研究方向：视觉传达设计。

（作者單位：齐鲁工业大学）