大角度进针法与小角度进针法在动静脉内瘘患者维持性血液透析治疗中的临床效果比较

2019-12-16 08:14王榕
中国当代医药 2019年28期

王榕

[摘要]目的 探討大角度进针法与小角度进针法在动静脉内瘘患者维持性血液透析治疗中的临床价值。方法 选取2018年8月1日~11月30日我院收治的118例动静脉内瘘患者作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法将其分为大角度进针组与小角度进针组,每组各59例。大角度进针组采用特定专人建立隧道并采用大角度进针穿刺的方法;小角度进针组采用小角度进行进针穿刺的治疗方法。治疗结束后,比较两组患者穿刺治疗的临床情况、穿刺疼痛程度以及不良反应总发生率。结果 大角度进针组患者的穿刺点渗血率低于小角度进针组,大角度进针组患者的一次穿刺成功率高于小角度进针组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组患者的穿刺点感染率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);两组患者的穿刺次数比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。大角度进针组患者的疼痛评分低于小角度进针组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。大角度进针组患者的不良反应总发生率低于小角度进针组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 大角度进针的穿刺治疗方法在动静脉内瘘的治疗中可提高患者的穿刺治疗成功率,降低穿刺点渗血率,减轻穿刺点的疼痛程度,减少不良反应发生率。

[关键词]大角度进针;小角度进针;穿刺治疗;穿刺点渗血

[中图分类号] R473.71          [文献标识码] A          [文章编号] 1674-4721(2019)10(a)-0246-04

[Abstract] Objective To explore the clinical value of large-angle needling method and small-angle needling method in maintenance hemodialysis treatment for arteriovenous fistula patients. Methods A total of 118 patients with arteriovenous fistula admitted to our hospital from August 1 to November 30 2018 were selected as subjects. They were divided into large angle needle insertion group and small angle needle insertion group according to the random number table method, with 59 patients in each group. The large-angle needle insertion group were established a tunnel by a special person and adopted a large-angle needle insertion method. The small-angle needle insertion group adopted the treatment method of needle insertion puncture at a small angle. After treatment, the clinical situation of puncture treatment, degree of puncture pain and the total incidence of adverse reactions of the two groups were compared. Results The penetration rate of puncture point in patients with large-angle needle insertion group was lower than that in patients with small-angle needle insertion group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The success rate of one-time puncture in patients with large-angle needle insertion group was higher than that in patients with small-angle needle insertion group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the infection rate of puncture point between the two groups (P>0.05). There was no significant difference in puncture times between the two groups (P>0.05). The pain score of patients in the large-angle acupuncture group was significantly lower than that in the small-angle acupuncture group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The pain degree of puncture point in patients with large angle group was lower than that in patients with small angle needle insertion group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The total incidence of adverse reactions in the large-angle needle insertion group was lower than that in the small-angle needle insertion group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion The puncture treatment method of large angle needle insertion can improve the success rate of puncture treatment for patients with arteriovenous fistula, reduce bleeding from the puncture point, reduce degree of pain at the puncture point, and reduce the incidence of adverse reactions.

综上所述,大角度进针在动静脉内瘘维持性血液透析治疗患者的治疗中穿刺成功率较高,可以减少穿刺点渗血率,减轻患者的疼痛程度,减少患者的不良反应发生率,提高治疗质量。

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(收稿日期:2018-02-22  本文编辑:焦曌元)