中央企业是如何在“一带一路”建设中成长的？

周丽莎

“一帶一路”倡议提出5年来，中央企业对外投资合作发展迅速，呈现出主体结构更趋合理、区域范围不断拓展、涉足领域日趋多元、“走出去”模式日益深化等特点。

参与“一带一路”建设，不仅加快了中央企业“走出去”的步伐，也使中央企业在国际化进程中稳步成长、日益成熟。

5年来，中央企业积极参与“一带一路”建设，按照市场化原则，充分发挥技术、管理和资金优势，与“一带一路”沿线国家在基础设施建设、能源资源开发、国际产能合作等重点领域开展合作，加深了对“合作共赢”的理解。

合作共赢，是与东道国利益共享，和全世界共同发展。为提升沿线国家互联互通水平，中央企业参与了一批铁路、公路、通信等重大基础设施项目，，有力推动沿线国家的紧密联系和协同发展;结合“一带一路”沿线国家产业发展情况，中央企业加大投资力度，加强国际产能和装备制造合作，多个工业、制造业项目在马来西亚、老挝、印尼等国家成功落地，有效满足了当地经济发展需求。

合作共赢，不仅体现为具体的建设项目，还体现在与当地共同成长。中央企业在对外投资合作过程中，运用专业优势积极回应和解决当地社会热点问题，实现与商业伙伴、当地社区和区域经济的共同成长和发展。通过聘用当地人才、尊重当地文化、与当地经济融合，使企业经营深植于当地市场，实现双赢乃至多方共赢。数据显示，中央企业目前海外分支机构38.4万名员工中，85%是本地员工，不少企业员工本地化率达到90%以上。

合作共赢，履行好社会责任必不可少。中央企业“走出去”过程中，坚持做国际化经营的优秀企业，赢得所在国政府和人民、合作方和社会各界的认同和尊重。中央企业坚持诚信经营，尊重所在国习俗，保证产品和服务质量，维护当地员工权益。积极参与社区建设，加强与所在国利益相关方和社会各方的沟通，努力以积极履行社会责任的实际行动，来培育和发展企业的软实力。坚持尊重所在国的法律，尊重当地宗教信仰和风俗习惯，尊重利益相关方和消费者的权益，促进当地产业链发展。积极参加当地的公益慈善事业，促进当地经济、环境、人文等多方面的发展。

回首5年，中央企业通过对外投资，补充了“一带一路”沿线国家资金不足的问题，促进了当地经济发展。通过开展属地化经营，融入当地社会，为东道国培养了大批人才，促进东道国产业升级和自主发展能力。通过能源资源合作，满足了中国部分能源供给需求，同时也帮助了东道国提高资源附加值，将资源优势转化为发展动力。通过基础设施建设合作，扩大了中国与有关国家的利益交汇，改善了当地的投资和生活环境。在这一过程中，越来越多的中央企业加深了对国际化经营的理解，提高了国际化经营的能力，正稳步向世界一流企业迈进。

Since the Belt and Road Initiative was proposed five years ago， overseas investment made by China's centrally-administered state -owned enterprises （centralSOEs） have witnessed a rapid increase， reflecting their more reasonable structure， expanding regional scope， increasingly diversified fields and deepening "going global" model.

By taking part in the Belt and Road Initiative， central SOEs have not only speeded up their-pace in "going global"， but also grown up steadily the process.

In the past five years， in order to play a positive role in the Belt and Road Initiative， central SOEs have stuck to the market-oriented principle， and given full play to their strengths in technology， management and capital. By doing so， they have launched cooperation with countries along the Belt and Road in infrastructure， energy resources exploitation， global cooperation on production capacity and other key fields， and also enhanced their understanding of the concept of"win-win cooperation" in the process of overseascooperation.

Win-win cooperation is forged to share interests with host countries and common development with the world. To improve the connectivity among countries along the Belt and Road， central SOEs have taken part inan array of major infrastructure projects likerailways， highways and telecommunication， giving a strong boost to the close connection and collaborative development among countries along the Belt and Road. In the meantime， in light of industrial development of countries along theBelt and Road， they have strengthened global cooperation on production capacity and equipment manufacturing by increasing investment. At the moment， a slew of industrial and manufacturing projects have been successfully launched inMalaysia， L aos， Indonesia and other countries， effectively meeting the demands of local economic advancement.

Win-win cooperation is embodied not online the implementation of construction projects but also in the course of shared growths withhost countries. In the course of investment and cooperation with foreign countries， centralSOEs， by leveraging their expertise， have actively responded to and resolved local issues of public concern， in hope of achieving common economic growths with business partners， local communities and regions. Central SOEs are also committed to making their businesses deeply rooted in local markets and creating a win-win and even a multi-win scenario. To this end， they hire local talents， respect local cultures and integrate their growths with local economic growth. According to the data， about 85% of the employees at the central SOEs' overseasbranches are hired locally， and in many of these enterprises， local employees take up 90% or above.

Win-win cooperation is an indispensable part of fulfilling social responsibility. When"going global"， central SOEs have been training their sights on good corporate citizens engaged in international operation. With these efforts， they have won the recognition and respect of local governments， peoples， partners and all walks of life. Specifically， they have adhered to integrity- based operation， respected local customs， ensured product and service quality and safeguarded local staff's interests and benefits. They have taken active part in the construction of local communities， enhanced the communication with local stakeholders and other parties concerned and endeavored to perform their social responsibilities， thereby fostering and reinforcing their soft power. They have respected the laws of the host countries and local religious beliefs and customs， valued the interests and benefits of stakeholders and customers， and boosted the improvement of local industrial chains. In addition， they have also proactively participated in local public welfare causes and helped local regions develop their economy， environment， culture and other fields.

Looking back on the past five years， centralSOEs have increased their investment abroad and assisted countries along the Belt and Road to fill the funding gap， promoting the economic development of these countries. The companies， by launching localized operation and integrating themselves into local communities， have cultivated numerous talents for host countries， and also lifted these countries' capacities of industrial upgrading and independent development. The firms have on one hand satisfied the demand for energy consumption in some regions of China through energy cooperation， and on the other hand， helped host countries increase the added value of their resources and transform resource advantage into the driving force of their development. Inanition， in the infrastructure cooperation with countries along the Belt and Road， they have expanded the convergence of interests between China and countries concerned and also helped refresh local investment and living environments of these economies. In the course of promoting the Belt and Road Initiative， a growing number of central SOEs have deepened their understanding of intonational operation and also boosted their ability of international operation， steadily moving forward to the world- class enterprises.