文化交流和社交礼仪的话题写作

蔡新发

核心感知·素养解读

“文化交流与社会礼仪”是高中英语课程标准中的重要话题之一，也是高考热点话题之一。其内容包括东西方文化交流、文化习俗、艺术等的传播、东西方社会礼仪的差别等方面。通过对本话题的学习与高考英语的考查，了解东西方以及不同民族之间的文化交流，掌握一定的社会礼仪知识，为将来走向社会打下基础。从体裁上看，考试形式主要有记叙文、议论文、应用文，其中应用文包括书信、日记、通知、演讲稿等。

写作过程中考生陈述的事实要客观合理，符合语言的发展特征和发展规律。考生也要注意表达自己对传统文化、传统思想价值体系的认同与尊崇及展现自己对中华民族的文化自信。

素材积累·语库构建

常用词汇

heritage n. 遗产;继承物

symbol n. 象征;标志;符号

culture n. 文化;文明

history n. 历史

language n. 语言

ancient adj. 古代的

anniversary n. 周年纪念日

belief n. 信仰;信念

ceremony n. 典礼;仪式;礼节

custom n. 习惯;习俗;风俗

monument n. 纪念碑;纪念馆

remind v. 提醒;使记起

temple n. 庙宇;寺庙

separate v. 使分开;使分离 adj. 单独的;分开的fascinating adj. 魅力无穷的

cautious adj. 小心翼翼的;谨慎的

chief adj. 主要的;首要的

cooperation n. 合作

casual adj. 漫不经心的;不经意的

occasion n. 场合;机会

appearance n. 仪表;外表

gesture n. 姿态;手势

formal adj. 正式的

manner n. 方式;态度;举止

rank n. 头衔;军衔

address n. 地址; vt. 发表演说

imagination n. 想象力

status n. 地位;身份

title n. 标题;头衔

conversation n. 谈话;交谈

behave v. 使守规矩;行为;表现

behaviour n. 行为;举止

respond v. 回答;回应;做出反应

embarrass v. 使窘迫;使尴尬

awkward adj. 令人尴尬的;使人难堪的

impolite adj. 不礼貌的

social adj. 社会的;社交的

punctual adj. 准时的

opportunity n. 机会

常用短语

cultural exchange 文化交流

cultural background 文化背景

cultural shock 文化沖击

multicultural society 多元文化社会

cultural diversity 文化多样性

cultural relics 文化遗迹;文物

local culture 本土文化

mass culture 大众文化

traditional culture 传统文化

mainstream culture 主流文化

traditional values 传统价值观

spiritual civilization 精神文明

Peking Opera 京剧

local customs and practices 风土人情

historical sites 历史遗址

body language 肢体语言

facial expression 面部表情

eye contact 眼神交流

put up with 忍受

have a great effect on 对……有很大的影响

turn up 出现;到达;来到

make an appointment with sb 与某人约会

make an impression on 给……留下印象

turn down 拒绝

face to face 面对面

spread Chinese culture 传播中国文化

follow a custom 遵循习俗

date back to/date from 追溯到

come into being 形成;产生;出现

attend a ceremony 出席仪式

put forward 提出 arouse one's enthusiasm for 激发对……的热情

in memory of 为了纪念…… in honor of 为了纪念……;庆祝……

pass down from generation to generation 一代一代传下去

contribute to the economic and cultural development 促进经济文化的发展

have a better understanding of 对……有更好的理解

experience diverse Chinese culture 体验多元的中国文化

make a brief introduction to 对……做简单介绍remove prejudice and misunderstanding 消除偏见和误解

常用句式

1.As an exchange student， having a good knowledge of traditional Chinese culture is beneficial to your living and studying here.作为交换生，了解中国的传统文化有助于你的学习和生活。

2.I am delighted to hear that you will come to our school as an exchange student next term. 得知你下学期作为交换生到我校学习我非常高兴。

3.The contest was held in the school gym from March 20 to March 23， aiming to arouse our enthusiasm for the traditional Chinese culture.比賽从3月20日到23日在我校体育馆举行，目的是激发人们对中国传统文化的热情。

4.Knowing that you are interested in the Ancient Poetry Recitation Contest which was organized by our school， I am very pleased to tell you more details about it.得知你对我校举办的古诗词朗诵大赛感兴趣，我非常高兴告诉你详细情况。

5.There is no doubt that it will have a great effect on all the relevant countries and contribute to the economic and cultural development of the world.毫无疑问这将对所有相关国家产生很大影响，并促进世界的经济和文化的发展。

6.I'm writing to invite you to the Traditional Chinese Culture Fair to be held by our school at the Art Center this Friday afternoon， from 2 pm to 5 pm.我写信邀请你参加本周五下午2点到5点在我校艺术中心举办的中国传统文化展。

7.Our school will hold an activity whose theme is “Foreigners Tell Chinese Stories” next week.下周，我们学校将举办一场主题为“外国人讲中国故事”的活动。

8.It is different kinds of foods and snacks that give you the chance to experience abundant Chinese food culture.各种各样的食物和小吃让你有机会体验中国丰富多样的饮食文化。

9.I attach great importance to English study outside the classroom and I often turn to the website EnjoyReading for help， where I read a great number of articles about English and Western culture.我非常重视课堂以外的英语学习，经常求助EnjoyReading网站，在这个网站上我阅读了大量关于英语和西方文化的文章。

10.What strikes me most is that British middle schools attach great importance to students' ability of practice.最让我印象深刻的是英国中学对学生的实践能力非常重视。

经典语段

1.Paper-cutting is a traditional art form in China， which has a history of more than 1，500 years. People often beautify their home with paper-cutting during festivals and weddings. In this exhibition， you can see paper-cutting with all kinds of patterns. In addition， there are famous artists who will perform how to cut paper on the spot. I wish that you could grasp this opportunity to learn traditional Chinese culture further.剪纸是中国的一种传统艺术形式，拥有1，500多年的历史。在节日和婚庆时，人们经常用剪纸来装饰自己的家。在这次展览中，你可以看到各种各样的剪纸图案。另外，一些著名剪纸艺术家将现场表演如何剪纸。我希望你能抓住这个机会进一步学习中国的传统文化。

2.A Chinese Poetry Contest was successfully held in our school today. The contest， which aimed to encourage students to know more about traditional Chinese poetry culture， attracted almost all the students and teachers in the school. Twenty students from different classes competed with each other. Their performances， including reading poems aloud and reciting poems from memory， deeply impressed the audience present. It was obvious that all of them had made good preparations for the contest. Finally， the headmaster awarded prizes to the winners.今天，我校成功举办了中国诗词大赛。大赛的目的是鼓励学生深入了解中国的传统诗词文化，这次比赛吸引了学校全体师生。二十个选手激烈角逐。他们朗读和背诵诗词等出色表现给现场观众留下了深刻的印象。很明显选手们做了充足的准备。最后，校长为获奖者颁奖。

典题链接·语篇速成

（2018·全国乙卷）假定你是李华，你的新西兰朋友Terry将去中国朋友家做客，发邮件向你询问有关习俗。请你回复邮件，内容包括：

1.到达时间;

2.合适的礼物;

3.餐桌礼仪。

注意：

1.词数100左右;

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

内容分析

本文是一封电子邮件，与英语书信的格式基本相同。根据写作提示，考生应用英语给新西兰朋友Terry回复一封电子邮件，给他介绍到中国朋友家做客的社交禮仪和餐桌礼仪。写作内容主要包括三个方面：第一，告诉对方到达朋友家的时间;第二，建议他带上合适的礼物;第三，简单介绍一下中国的餐桌礼仪。

这封邮件由三段组成：第一段陈述写信的背景和写信的目的;第二段陈述写作提示中的三个要点;最后一段为结束语。

实用短语与句式

invite sb to dinner 邀请某人吃饭

arrive on time 准时到达

a bunch of flowers 一束花

experience Chinese culture 体验中国文化

I'm delighted to know that... 知道你……我非常高兴。

【参考范文】

Dear Terry，

I am delighted to know you are invited to a dinner party by our Chinese friend. It is really a good opportunity to experience Chinese culture. Now I'd like to offer you some advice.

First of all， you'd better arrive on time because it is polite to be punctual in China. Second， it is a good idea to bring a small gift， such as a bunch of flowers or a box of chocolates if they have young children. Most importantly， the elderly are usually the first to taste the food served on the table because they are well respected in China. Don't forget to praise your friend for the delicious foods he offers.

I hope you will have a great time.

Yours，

Li Hua

主题实践·语用检测

假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Henry准备在你家过春节，他想了解中国的传统习俗——发压岁钱。现请你给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括：

1.习俗介绍;

2.亲身经历;

3.表达期待。

注意：

1.词数100左右;

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

写作导引

Ⅰ.审题谋篇

1.体裁：本文为一篇   _______ ;

2.时态：本文时态以  _______ 和  _______   为主;

3.人称：本文人称为   _______ 和   _______ 。

Ⅱ.素材提炼

1.体验春节    _________________

2.发压岁钱   _________________

3.祝愿好运气 _________________

4.代表某人的喜爱   _________________

5.充分利用钱     _________________

6.期待;期盼    _________________

1.我非常高兴听到你将和我一起过春节的

消息。

I'm very glad to hear that you're going to

_________________

2.人们经常在除夕之夜家人一起吃年夜饭时发压岁钱。

People always give lucky money on the eve of the Lunar New Year      _________________ for a family reunion dinner.

3.年夜饭后，长辈们给孩子发红包，祝愿他们身体健康并好运连连。

After the family reunion dinner， the elders will give lucky money to children，

_________________  .

4.盡管红包里不是很多钱，但它代表对我的爱。

_________________， it represents their affection for me.

5.我保证自己用好这些钱并做一些有意义的事。

I promise I    _________________    and do something meaningful.

6.我期盼你的到来并希望你玩得开心。

I'm     _________________        and I hope you'll have a good time.

Ⅳ.牛刀小试

Ⅴ.语言升级

1.Giving money happens on the eve of the Lunar New Year， and at that time the whole family eats together.（用定语从句改写）

Giving money usually falls on the eve of the Lunar New Year    _________________         for a family reunion dinner.

2.After that， the old people will give lucky money to their children， and wish them good luck and health.（用非谓语动词改写）

After that， the elders will give lucky money to children，         _________________          .

Ⅵ.高阶作文