古风儒韵传新风

戚永晔

地处浙江一隅的衢州，自古以来就是“三省通衢”。浙闽赣三省交界的文化冲击，除了酝酿出多姿多彩的民俗之外，也让这里的农村充满了魅力。在乡村振兴战略如火如荼推进之时，衢州的乡村自然也不会落后。

这次，我从衢州出发一路南行，来到了此行的目的地，距离江山市区只有十公里的地方，被誉为衢州最美乡村的大陈乡大陈村。

清洁家园，蜕变从笤帚起步

大陈村是有着600多年历史的古村落。村庄四面环山，民国时期文化名人余绍宋曾以“环山十里皆松树，天下应无第二园”的诗句来赞美她。

但很少有人知道，仅仅十几年前，这里曾经是个脏、乱、差的“三不管”地带。

大陈村党支部书记汪衍君回忆过往，感慨万千。他说：“2005年我赴任大陈村，当时，这里是本地的‘落后村，村内众多古建筑年久失修、破损严重，村民乱搭乱建，生活垃圾乱扔、污水乱排……”

原因很简单，当时的江山，已经有廿八都古镇、江郎山、清漾景区等等著名景点。而大陈作为一个普普通通的乡村，在众多久负盛名的景点中并不起眼。再加上地理原因，这里一直没形成独特的产业，所以经济贫困，基建和卫生落后，是个江山当地女孩子嫁人都不愿意嫁过去的地方。

当地百姓不愿意看到这种情况继续下去，所以，从2006年起，大陈村开始了为期十年的蜕变。

和其他农村一改造就大刀阔斧不同，大陈村的变化，可以用“润物细无声”来形容。汪衍君开玩笑说，“蜕变从一把笤帚起步”。

当时，大陈村村委会提出了“清洁家园”的口号，鼓励村民拿起笤帚打扫家园，由干部带头、党员接力，发动全村村民自觉跟着清扫。不到一年的时间，垃圾乱扔、乱搭乱建、污水乱排的现象得到了很大改观。2006年，大陈被评为衢州市“卫生清洁村”。

这个本来在江山都排不上号的村落，居然在地级市里被评为先进，这极大地鼓舞了大陈百姓的信心，也让大家有了“做得更好”的打算。

正巧，一年多后，位于浙江省另一头的安吉县正式提出“中国美丽乡村”计划，出台《安吉县建设“中国美丽乡村”行动纲要》，为社会主义新农村建设探索出了一条创新的发展道路，成为中国新农村建设的鲜活样本。

消息传到大陈，大家纷纷讨论“我们的自然资源、旅游资源也不差，为什么不能更进一步，成为浙江省、乃至全国的新农村建设标杆呢？”

2010年，江山市提出了创建“中国幸福乡村”的构想，而大陈村，正是其中的佼佼者。

旧貌新颜，成了国家级景区村

很快，大陈村就定下了“建设江山城北大花园”的目标，开始挖掘旅游资源。

之后的几年里，大陈村大张旗鼓地开展了环境整治与古村保护行动，大力发展乡村休闲旅游。“虽然江山市的旅游景点很丰富，但当时大多以旅游观光为主，很少有以休闲为特色的内容。”江山市旅游局一位工作人员表示，大陈村正是看到了这个市场空缺，一门心思地修缮古村，恢复宗祠，古道沿线绿化美化，创建美丽庭院，打造精品高效农业园区……

高端民宿、夜景灯光秀、休闲绿道等一系列设施陆续完备，古村旧貌换新颜。以清代建筑为主的古村落得到保护开发，规划梳理了古民宅、古祠堂、古戏台等古迹111处，省级文物保护单位2处，市级文物保护单位19处，文物点59个。其中以大陈汪氏宗祠、汪汉滔旧宅为主的一批古建筑，充分展示了大陈汪氏文化的魅力。加上青石铺缀、曲径通幽、白墙黛瓦与精品高效的現代化设施，大陈村作为一个既有古典韵味、又有时代风尚的特色风情小镇已初具雏形，吸引了一波波游人前来参观。

筑巢引得金凤来。随着旅游项目的日渐成熟，国家旅游局正式为大陈村授牌：“国家3A级景区村”。

更让人激动的是，2014年，中央电视台发布了由国家农业部、环保部、住建部、水利部、新闻出版广电总局、林业局、旅游局等单位共同评选，以“传播生态文明，建设美丽中国”为宗旨，以“自然生态美、生活幸福美、文化和谐美和创新引领美”为评选标准的“中国十大最美乡村”。大陈村因“保留鲜明的农耕时代村落的特征，通过建筑文化、孝道文化、村歌文化，彰显历史文化名村的魅力”，成功入选“中国十大最美乡村”。

这是浙江省唯一一个入选的乡村。在众多“美丽乡村”先行者中，大陈村后来居上，脱颖而出。这个光荣的称呼，从此成了大陈村人的骄傲。

走进央视，唱着那碗大陈面

大陈村的村歌广场，是给我留下深刻印象的一个地方。作为一个旅游休闲目的地，大陈村最核心的竞争力，就是“文化”二字，而村歌，正是当地文化最集中的一个体现。

2008年，大陈村村歌《妈妈的那碗大陈面》问世，讲述了大陈游子回乡，吃着妈妈亲手烧的面条的故事。很快，这首村歌成了全村脍炙人口的歌曲。

几年后，汪衍君唱着《妈妈的那碗大陈面》走进了央视，走进全国村歌大赛演唱会，最终站上了最高领奖台，成了“中国村歌和谐之星”。伴随着他深情、悠扬的歌声，《妈妈的那碗大陈面》也从2800多首村歌中脱颖而出，成为“中国村歌十大金曲”之一。随后，大陈村被授予“中国村歌发祥地”。

《妈妈的那碗大陈面》一炮走红，引发了整个衢州创唱村歌的热情。

村歌广场，正是在这种背景下建立起来的。

汪衍君说，大陈村文化底蕴深厚，全村一直在用文化引领民风。美丽乡村建设的主体是村民，通过文化能够增强村民的认同感和归属感，能更好地发挥大家的主观能动性，参与到乡村建设中来。

除了村歌，大陈村还发掘各色各样的文化形式，“大陈麻糍文化节”已成为一个品牌，杨梅采摘、荷花观赏、大陈面制作等农旅结合产业加快发展，接下来，大陈村还将打造村歌婚庆等品牌，将美丽乡村建设与乡村休闲游更深度地融合，做精做透“美丽乡村+旅游”这篇文章，将美丽乡村转化为美丽经济，让村民享受到更多的红利。

如當时一位省领导在考察大陈村时所说：“美丽乡村建设中，不仅要满足村民的物质需求，更要结合文化建设，注重村民的精神需求，不断丰富精神生活，实实在在地提升老百姓的生活质量和幸福指数。”

大陈村，正是这样一个文化振兴乡村的范例。

Dachen is a village about 10 kilometers from Jiangshan， a county-level city under the jurisdiction of Quzhou in southwestern Zhejiang Province. With a history of 600 years， the village used to be praised for its scenic beauty. In the early 20th century， a poet lauded the village as the most beautiful garden-like village in the world， surrounded by pine woods in the mountains.

However， things in the village deteriorated over a period of several decades. Only about ten plus years ago， it was still infamous for a bad reputation for being dirty， messy and disorganized.

Wang Yanjun recalls his arrival at Dachen to start work as the party secretary of the village in 2005. The ancient houses in the village were in disrepair and many were woefully damaged. Moreover， there was an ugly mess of illegal buildings. Household rubbish and sewage discharge were a nightmare. Young woman from other parts of the city shuddered to imagine a married life in such a village.

The residents were eager to stop being dirty， messy and disorganized. They hated such an inferior life. In 2006， the village started a ten-year project to clean itself up. All the changes started with a bloom， Wang joked. The village pitched in. Leaders and party members led the clean-up movement. Within a year， Dachen transformed itself into a tidy， clean and orderly village. In 2006， Dachen became a city-level model village of sanitation and cleanness.

The residents felt proud. They started looking around and wondered what else they could do to further improve. In 2008， Anji County in the north of Zhejiang started a project to build beautiful countryside. After learning about the project， residents in Dachen wanted to copy the successful practice. “We have rich natural resources and tourism resources and there is no reason why we cant become a model for building beautiful countryside” They wondered.

The village planned objectively and realistically. Jiangshan has a lot of sightseeing attractions such as places of historical and cultural interests， but back then， but there were few attractions for tourists to unwind themselves and enjoy rural amenities. Dachen saw the niche market and grabbed the opportunity. In the following years， Dachen restored its ancient buildings such as a clan temple， a theater， and many residential houses. Of these ancient sites， 2 are now listed as cultural relics under the protection of the provincial government， 19 as cultural relics under the protection of the city government， and 59 as sites of cultural relics.

In 2014， Dachen was selected as Chinas top ten most beautiful villages. The selection was jointly sponsored by six ministries of the central government and the result was announced at CCTV， the countrys largest television network. Dachen was chosen for maintaining distinct features of a village in the agricultural time， displaying physical charms through ancient architecture， and upholding village virtues and culture by means of taking care of the old people and singing the village song. Dachen was the only village picked that year in Zhejiang Province.

is the title of the village song of Dachen. It was composed in 2008. The song enjoyed popularity with the villagers. In 2009， Wang Yanjun sang the song at a CCTV program featuring the first national competition for village songs. That year， over 2，800 village songs took part in the competition. The village song of Dachen was one of the top ten.