如何阅读课本

苗淑华

Reading a textbook can feel like a hard task. The language can be dry and there can be many unknown words and phrases. You may have been assigned to read too many pages. There are ways that you can become more comfortable with your textbook and more confident in reading it.

阅读课本可能会让人觉得是一项艰巨的任务。语言很枯燥，还有许多生单词和短语。也许你需要完成太多页的阅读。下面这些方法可以让你阅读课本时更顺畅、更有信心。

Part 1 Getting To Know Your Textbook

第一部分 了解课本

1. Look at the cover. Are there pictures or art that can give you a clue on the topics you may be studying？ What about the title？ Is this a book for beginners or for someone with more skill？

1. 查看封面。有没有照片或绘图可以提示你关于要学习的科目内容？那标题呢？这本书适合初学者还是技能水平更高的人呢？

2. Review the table of contents， index， and vocabulary. How many chapters does the textbook have， and about how long are they？ What about sub-chapters？ What are the titles of the chapters and sub-chapters？

2. 查看目录，索引和词汇表。课本有多少章，以及它们有多长篇幅呢？那么分章节呢？这些章节和分章节的标题是什么？

3. Skim the textbook for headlines and visuals1. Quickly flip2 through the pages. What immediately catches your attention？ Take note of the chapter titles， bold3 words and vocabulary， photos， drawings， charts and so on. What do they tell you about things youll be learning in the book？

3. 浏览课本标题和图片。快速浏览书页。什么会立即引起你的注意？注意章节标题、粗体词和单词、照片、图纸、表格等。这些会告诉你哪些是在书中会学到的东西吗？

Part 2 Reading Actively

第二部分 积极阅读

1. Read the end of the chapter first. Thats right. Go to the end of the chapter， and read the summary and the questions that are there. This is the perfect way for you to get an idea of what youre about to read in the chapter. Next， read the introduction to the chapter. This also helps your brain get ready for the new information and helps it with processing.

1. 首先阅读章节的结尾。没错，翻到章节末尾，阅读该部分相关的总结和问题。这是让你了解本章阅读内容的最佳方式。接下来，阅读本章的简介。这也可以帮助你的大脑准备接收和处理新信息。

2. Highlight your own textbook. If you buy the book （and youre not borrowing it from a person， library， or school）， you should highlight. Dont stop to highlight or take notes during the first reading. This disrupts your flow of comprehension， and you may end up highlighting things that you shouldnt.

2. 在自己的課本上做标记。如果你购买了这本书（而不是从他人、图书馆或学校借的），那你可以在上面做一下标记。不要在阅读第一遍时停下来做标记或记笔记。这会打断你的理解思路，最后也许会让你在不该标记的部分做标记。

3. Take notes. In a notebook for the class， write down the main ideas of what you read for each section， IN YOUR OWN WORDS. It is extremely important to write your notes in your own words.

3. 做笔记。在课堂笔记中写下每个部分阅读的主要思想，用你自己的话写。用你自己的话记笔记非常重要。

4. Bring your notes and questions to class. This will help you feel prepared for class discussions or lectures. Be sure to pay attention during class， and add notes.

4. 把笔记和问题带到课堂上。这将帮助你做好课堂讨论或讲座的准备。请务必在课堂上集中注意力，同时添加笔记。

Part 3 Scheduling Time to Read， Review， and Study

第三部分 安排时间来阅读，复习和学习

1. Give yourself breaks. If you have four hours of reading， dont try to do all of it at one time. You may become tired and unfocused.

1. 注意休息。如果你有四个小时的阅读时间，不建议你一次性完成所有的阅读。这会让你变得疲惫且无法集中注意力。

2. Read in a distraction-free4 zone. You cant be expected to comprehend lots of information if there is noise around. Avoid reading in your bed if possible. Your brain most likely associates your bed with sleep， and it will want to do that if you are reading there. Go to a quiet place that has little distractions for you.

2. 在不受打扰的地方阅读。如果周围有噪音，你就没法理解大量的信息。如果可能，尽量避免在床上阅读。你的大脑很可能会将床与睡眠联系在一起，如果你在床上读书，大脑会想睡觉。去一个安静的不会让你分心的地方阅读吧。

3. Read your notes multiple times. If you read carefully， highlighted and took notes， you should only need to read the textbook once. What you will re-read during studying is your highlighted phrases， your margin5 questions and/or notes， and your notebook notes.

3. 多閱读笔记。如果你仔细阅读课本，做好标记和笔记，则只需要读一次。在学习期间你要反复看的是重点词组，页边空白处的问题、注释，以及笔记本上的笔记。

4. Complete all of the work assigned. If the teacher gives you math exercises to complete， or short answer questions to write， do them anyway. There is a purpose to the assigning of the work， and that is for you to further your understanding of the material from the book.

4. 完成布置的所有功课。如果教师给你布置数学练习来完成，或者简短的问答题，不管怎样你要先完成。布置作业的一个目的，就是让你进一步理解书中的内容。

Notes：

1. visual [■] n. 视觉资料 （展示或解释用的图画、图表或电影片段等）

2. flip [■] vi. 快速翻阅

3. bold [■] adj. 黑体的

4. distraction-free不分心；免受干扰

5. margin [■] n. 边缘；页边的空白