江苏 张祥美
Hi,everybody!I’m“neither...nor...”,人们叫我“既不……也不……”,我有两个邻居:“左邻”either...or...和“右舍”both...and...。大家想进一步了解我们吗?
●neither...nor...
neither...nor...作连词,意为“既不……也不……”,连接两个性质相同的词或短语,表示否定意义。
1.neither...nor...可以连接两个并列主语,谓语动词应与nor后的主语在人称和数上保持一致。例如:
Neither my parents nor I was at home yesterday.昨天我和我的父母都不在家。
2.neither...nor...可以连接两个并列的宾语。例如:
She likes neither butter nor cheese.她既不喜欢黄油也不喜欢乳酪。
3.neither...nor...可以连接两个并列的表语。例如:
The young man is neither too tall nor too fat.那个年轻人既不太高也不太胖。
4.neither...nor...可以连接两个并列的谓语。例如:
He neither speaks French nor understands it.他既不会讲法语,也听不懂法语。
●either...or...
“左邻”either...or...,意为“或者……或者……;不是……就是……”,是表示选择的并列连词,可连接两个并列部分。
1.either...or...连接两个主语时,谓语动词在人称和数上与邻近的主语保持一致。例如:
Either you or I am right.不是你对,就是我对。
2.对either...or...的句型进行否定,把它直接替换成neither...nor...就可以。例如:
Either you or I am going to cook supper tonight.不是你就是我今晚要做晚饭。
→Neither you nor I am going to cook supper tonight.你和我今晚都不做晚饭。
3.把含either...or...的句型改为一般疑问句,be动词、助动词的形式要与either后面的主语保持一致。例如:
Either you or she has a cat.不是你就是她有一只猫。
→Do either you or she have a cat?是你还是她养了一只猫?
Either Tony or Peter has a new watch.不是托尼就是彼特有一块新手表。
→Does either Tony or Peter have a new watch?是托尼还是彼特有一块新手表?
●both...and...
“右舍”both...and...意为“两个都;既……又……”,表达的内容与neither...nor...相反。
1.当both...and...连接两个主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。例如:
Both Millie and Sandy were there.米丽和桑迪都在那儿。
2.both...and...可连接两个性质相同的动词作谓语的并列结构。例如:
She can both sing and dance.她既会唱歌又会跳舞。
3.both...and...可连接两个性质相同的名词或代词作宾语的并列结构。例如:
He can speak both English and Japanese.他既能讲英语,又能讲日语。
4.both...and...的否定句,可用neither...nor...来代替。连接的两个部分若是名词,可以是单数,也可以是复数。例如:
Both she and Linda were pleased with the girl.她和琳达都喜欢这个女孩。
→Neither she nor Linda was pleased with the girl.她和琳达都不喜欢这个女孩。
I know both the man and the woman.我既认识那个男人,也认识那个妇女。
→I know neither the man nor the woman.我既不认识那个男人,也不认识那妇女。
1.—My parents are crazy about Running Man.How about your parents?
—______my dad______my mom likes it.They prefer The Reader.【2017·西宁中考题】
A.Neither;nor B.Both;and
C.Either;or D.Not only;but also
【答案与解析】A neither...nor...意为“既不……也不……”;both...and...意为“两个都……”;either...or...意为“或者……或者……”;not only...but also...意为“不仅……而且……”。根据答语可知,他们俩都不喜欢《跑男》,故排除B、C、D三项。
2.I have only two tickets of Kong Fu._______you_______he can go with me.【2016·邵阳中考题】
A.Either;or B.Neither;nor C.Both;and
【答案与解析】A 根据“I have only two tickets of Kong Fu.”可推测,下一句的意思应该是“或者你或者他能和我一起去”。
3.—Alice,how do your parents like pop music?
—_______my dad_______my mom likes it.But they both prefer Beijing Opera.【2016·荆门中考题】
A.Either;or B.Neither;nor
C.Not only;but also D.Both;and
【答案与解析】B 根据答语中后一分句的句意“但是他们两个都喜欢京剧”可推断,答语中前一分句的意思是“我爸爸和我妈妈都不喜欢流行音乐”。表示“既不……也不……”,应用连词neither...nor...。
4.—What would you like to have for supper?
—Either noodles or rice_____OK.I don’t mind.【2015·安顺中考题】
A.are B.were C.is D.was
【答案与解析】C either...or...连接两个名词作主语时,句子的谓语动词应与邻近的主语保持数的一致。邻近的主语是不可数名词rice,因此谓语动词应用单数形式。
5.Neither Tony nor I_______interested in playing Weibo. 【2015·六盘水中考题】
A.am B.is C.are D.be
【答案与解析】A neither...nor...连接两个主语Tony和I,谓语动词的形式应与nor后面的主语I保持一致。
一、用 neither...nor...、either...or...或 both...and...填空,完成下列句子。
1.______Dad_______Mum areEnglish teachers.
2._______Dad______Mum is at home today.I must look after my little sister.
3.My grandma’s hobby is______cooking______watching TV.It’s square dancing.
4.When the girl is happy,she______sings______dances.
二、按括号里的要求,改写下列句子。
1.In the program tonight Mary will both sing and dance.(改为否定句)
In the program tonight Mary will_______sing______dance.
2.Either you or I am going there this evening.(改为一般疑问句)
________either you or I_______there this evening?
3.Neither Jack nor Ann is living in the building.(改为肯定句)
________Jack_______Ann_______living in the building.