田慧敏,刘铁志,李晓东,吕晓娜,那 莹
(赤峰学院 生命科学学院,内蒙古 赤峰 024000)
本研究对西拉木沦河流经区域,巴林右旗、翁牛特旗和阿鲁科尔沁旗等地大型真菌的种类和分布进行调查和研究,采用传统方法进行鉴定、分类,并查阅资料鉴定[1-15],共鉴定出大型真菌129种,分属25科51属,其中子囊菌1种,担子菌128种,内蒙古新记录种21种,中国新记录种3种,本文的编排采用《菌物字典》(第九版)[16]的分类系统.种名前标有“*”为内蒙古新记录种,“**”为中国新记录种.具体名录如下:
盘菌科Pezizaceae
(1)紫盘菌Peziza violaceaPers.阿旗罕山林场杨树林地上,13476.
蘑菇科Agaricaceae
(2)白鳞蘑菇Agaricus bernardii(Quél.)Sacc.翁旗五分地巴林桥北草地,11613.
(3)大肥蘑菇Agaricus bitorquis(Quél.)Sacc.翁旗五分地巴林桥北草地,11360.
(4)淡黄蘑菇Agaricus fissusLeyss.巴林右旗庆云山樟子松林地上,单生,11409.
(5)黄白蘑菇Agaricus niveobrunneusBatsch.巴林右旗庆云山樟子松林地上,单生,11419.
(6)橙黄蘑菇Agaricus perrarusSchulzer.巴林右旗庆云山樟子松林地上,群生,11408、11420.
(7)草地蘑菇Agaricus pratensisSchaeff.巴林右旗荣升草地上单生,11499.
(8)雪白鬼伞Coprinopsis nivea(Pers.)Fr.巴林右旗荣升柳树林地上,散生,11534.
(9)大孢灰包Lycoperdon atropurpureumVittad.巴林右旗大针茅草原,10023.
(10)黑刺灰包Lycoperdon fuligineumBerk.&M.A.Curtis大板南桥杨树林地上13453.
(11)香港灰包Lycoperdon hongkongenseBerk.&Curtis阿旗罕山阔叶林地上群生,13511.
(12)多形灰包Lycoperdon polymorphumvitt.阿旗罕山林场道边群生,13511.
(13)梨形灰包Lycoperdon pyriformeSchaeff.:Pers阿旗罕山林场腐木上群生,13511.
(14)*铅青褶伞Chlorophyllum mobybdites(Meyer:Fr.)Massee翁旗五分地巴林桥北沙地,13126,大冷山草地,13195.
(15)**卢西塔尼卡青褶伞Chlorophyllum lusitanicumG.Moreno巴林桥下沙地上,10556.
(16)小假小鬼伞Coprinellus disseminatus(Pers.)J.E.Lange 赛罕乌拉保护区厂部附近,腐木上群生,10007.
(17)肉褐鳞环柄菇Lepiota brunneoincarnataChodat&C.Martín巴林桥下沙地上,11379.
(18)裂皮环柄菇Lepiota excoriata(Schaeff.)P.Kumm.阿旗罕山杨树林地上,13454.
(19)红盖白环菇Leucoagaricus rubrotinctus(Peck)Singer翁旗五分地巴林桥北草地,10575.
(20)粉褶白环菇Leucoagaricus leucothites(Vittad.)Wasser翁旗五分地巴林桥北草地,11339
鹅膏科Amanitaceae
(21)橙盖鹅膏Amanita caesarea(Scop.)Pers.巴林右旗正沟杂木林地上单生,10107.
(22)毒蝇鹅膏Amanita muscaria(L.)Lam.阿旗罕山林场针叶林地上散生,13462.
(23)毒鹅膏菌Amanita phalloides(Vaill.ex Fr.)Link阿旗罕山针叶林地上单生,13474.
(24)青灰鹅膏Amanita lividopallescens(Gillet)Bigeard&H.Guill.东沟蒙古栎林地上,10041.
(25)灰鹅膏Amanita vaginata(Bull.)Lam.阿旗罕山阔叶林地上单生,13502.
丝膜菌科Cortinariaceae
(26)*亚美尼亚丝膜菌Cortinarius armeniacus(Schaeff.)Fr.乌兰坝落叶松林地上散生,11456.
(27)坚实丝膜菌Cortinarius firmusFr.阿旗罕山林场杨树林地上,13481.
(28)半被毛丝膜菌Cortinarius hemitrichusJ.Favre阿旗罕山林场杂木林地上13463.
(29)白膜丝膜菌Cortinarius hinnuleusNespiak正沟蒙古栎林草地,10048.
(30)黄盖丝膜菌Cortinarius latus(Pers.)Fr.荣升柳树林地上群生,11530.
(31)米黄丝膜菌Cortinarius multiformisFr.荣升白桦林地上群生,11500.
(32)**Cortinarius subexitiosusLiimat.翁旗五分地巴林桥北草地,11347.
(33)春丝膜菌Cortinarius vernusH.Lindstr.&Melot正沟蒙古栎林草地群生,10071.
(34)**黄盖紫丝膜菌Cortinarius xanthocephalusP.D.Orton松山区盔甲山风景区,13090.
粉褶菌科Entolomataceae
(35)臭粉褶菌Entoloma lusnidorosus(Fr.)Quél.阿旗罕山林场杨树林地上,13456.
(36)粉褶菌Entoloma rhodopolium(Fr.)P.Kumm.阿旗罕山林场针叶林地上,13484,13457.
蜡伞科Hygrophoraceae
(37)* 蜡伞Hygrophorus ceraceus(Wulfen)Fr.阿旗罕山林场阔叶林地上,13464.
(38)象牙白蜡伞Hygrophorus eburneus(Bull.)Fr.阿旗罕山阔叶林地上,13479.
(39)单色蜡伞Hygrophorus unicolorGröer阿旗罕山阔叶林地上,13503.
丝盖伞科Inocybaceae
(40)黄褐丝盖伞Inocybe flavobrunneaY.C.Wang巴林桥下,五分地,杨树林地上散生,13128.
(41)斑纹丝盖伞Inocybe maculateBoud王坟沟景区,樟子松林地上散生,10362.有毒.
(42)老丝盖伞Inocybe obsoletaRomagn赤峰市元宝山区,平庄,油松林地上,标本号CFSZ10460.
(43)赭缘丝盖伞Inocybe ochraceomarginataKauffman阿旗罕山林场阔叶林地上,13480.
(44)小丝盖伞Inocybe putillaBres.阿旗罕山林场阔叶林地上,13499.
(45)狐色丝盖伞Inocybe vulpinellaBruyl荣升景区,沙地上群生,3918.
离褶伞科Lyophyllaceae
(46)褐离褶伞Lyophyllum fumosum(Pers.)P.D.Orton乌兰坝落叶松林地上,11443、11457.
(47)*真姬离褶伞Lyophyllum shimeji(Kawam.)Hongo乌兰坝落叶松林地上,丛生,11441、11444,大板桥下,杨树林地上13131.
小皮伞科Marasmiaceae
(48)*二型裸伞Gymnopus biformis(Peck)Halling王坟沟落叶松球果上或树枝上群生,CFSZ10146.
(49)枝生微皮伞Marasmiellus ramealis(Bull.)Singer大冷山杂木林木桩上,13197.
(50)草茎生小皮伞Marasmius caulicinalis(Bull.)Quel.大冷山地上、草茎上,13196.
膨瑚菌科Physalacriaceae
(51)*橘黄蜜环菌Armillaria aurantia(Schaeff.:Fr)Quél.乌兰坝落叶松林地上,散生,11445.
(52)蜜环菌Armillaria mellea(Vahl)P.Kumm.阿旗罕山林场阔叶林地上,13498.
(53)假蜜环菌Armillaria tabescens(Scop.)Emel大板南桥杨树木桩下,13129.
侧耳科Pleurotaceae
(54)肺形侧耳Pleurotus pulmonarius正沟景区,桦木枯立木树桩、树干上,CFSZ10112.
(55)肾形亚侧耳Hohenbuehelia reniformis(G.Meyer:Fr.)Singer.荣升倒木上10286.
光柄菇科Pluteaceae
(56)*北方光柄菇Pluteus leucoborealisJusto荣升白桦林倒木上,CFSZ10295.
(57)*光帽光柄菇Pluteus plautusQuél.正沟白桦林倒木上,10115.
小脆柄菇科Psathyrellaceae
(58)黄白小脆柄菇Psathyrella candolleana(Fr.)Maire.庆云山樟子松林地上,近丛生,11421.
(59)毡毛小脆柄菇Psathyrellavelutina(Pers.:Fr.)Sing.林西大冷山杂木林地上,13207.
球盖菇科Strophariaceae
(60)毒滑锈伞Hebeloma fastibilesensu NCL正沟杂木林地上,11416.
(61)*芥味滑锈伞Hebeloma sinapicansFr.翁旗五分地巴林桥沙地上群生13127.
(62)黄滑锈伞Hebeloma versipelleGill 正沟杂木林地上,11541.
(63)中褐色滑锈伞Hebeloma mesopaeumBon&Haluwyn庆云山樟子松林地上群生,3912.
(64)毛柄库恩菌Kuehneromyces mutabilis(Schaeff.)Singer&A.H.Sm.荣升白桦林地上,11513.
(65)金毛环锈伞Pholiota aurivella(Batsch)P.Kumm.大冷山杂木林木桩上,13184.
(66)*橙环锈伞Pholiota juncina(W.G.Sm.)P.Kumm.正沟白桦林倒木,11482.
(67)地环锈伞Pholiota terrigena(Fr.)P.Karst.阿旗罕山林场阔叶林地上,13473
(68)*伏鳞环锈伞Pholiota tuberculosa(Schaeff.)P.Kumm庆云山樟子松林树桩上,11415.
白蘑科Tricholomataceae
(69)肉色杯伞Clitocybe geotropa(Bull.)Quél.王坟沟樟子松林地上,群生,11404、11407、11451.
(70)白香蘑Lepista caespitosa(Bres.)Singer阿旗罕山林场阔叶林地上,13460.
(71)花脸香蘑Lepista sordida(Schumach.)林西大冷山白桦林地上,13182.
(72)大白桩菇Leucopaxillus giganteus(Sowerby)Singer阿旗罕山林场阔叶林地上,13458.
(73)*纯白桩菇Leucopaxillus albissimus(Peck)Singer阿旗罕山林场阔叶林地上,13477.
(74)钟形铦囊蘑Melanoleuca exscissa(Fr.)Singer阿旗罕山林场阔叶林地上,13485.
(75)*铦囊蘑Melanoleuca cognata(Fr.)Konrad&Maubl.阿旗罕山林场阔叶林地上,13509.
(76)直柄铦囊蘑Melanoleuca strictipes(P.Karst.)Jul.Schäff.阿旗罕山林场阔叶林地上,13482.
(77)*小白亚脐菇Omphalia gracillima(Weinm.)Quél.阿旗罕山混交林地上,13447.
(78)黄褐口蘑Tricholoma fulvum(DC.)Bigeard&H.Guill庆云山松林地上单生,10080.
(79)鳞盖口蘑Tricholoma imbricatum(Fr.)P.Kumm.阿旗罕山林场阔叶林地上,13449.
(80)鳞柄口蘑Tricholoma psammopus(Kalchbr.)Quél荣升白桦林地上,10245.
(81)杨树口蘑Tricholoma populinumJ.E.Lange大板南桥下杨树林地上群生,13136.
(82)*毛边菇Ripartites tricholoma(Alb.&Schwein.)P.Karst荣升白桦林地上,10305.
牛肝菌科Boletaceae
(83)点柄粘盖牛肝菌Suillus granulatus(L.)Roussel阿旗罕山油松林地上散生,13467.
(84)厚环粘盖牛肝菌Suillus grevillei(Kl)Sing.阿旗罕山油松林地上散生,13461.
网褶菌科Paxillaceae
(85)卷边网褶菌Paxillus involutus(Batsch)Fr.大板南桥杨树林地上,13130.
木耳科Auriculariaceae
(86)毡盖木耳Auricularia mesenterica(Dicks.)Pers.林西大冷山白桦林地上,13182.
珊瑚菌科Clavariaceae
(87)黄珊瑚菌Clavaria corniculataSchaeff.林西大冷山杂木林地上,13203.
皱孔菌科Meruliaceae
(88)悬垂箭皮菌Radulodon copelandii(Pat.)N.Maek.荣升白桦林地上,11562.
(89)毛边刺皮菌Odontia fimbriataPers.荣升柳树林倒木上,11552.
锈革菌科Hymenochaetaceae
(90)*白伏革菌Corticium pelliculare(P.Karst.)P.Karst.荣升柳树林倒木上,11551.
(91)碎纹伏革菌Corticium scutellareBerk.&M.A.Curtis荣升白桦林枯树枝上,11560.
多孔菌科Polyporaceae
(92)红拟迷孔菌Daedaleopsis rubescens(Alb.et Schw.:Fr.)Imaz王坟沟白桦林倒木上,10310.
(93)大孔菌Favolus alveolaris(DC.:Fr.)Quèl.林西大冷山阔叶林腐木,13216.
(94)彩孔菌Hapalopilus nidulans(Fr.)P.Karst.荣升柳树林倒木上,11547.
(95)硫磺菌Laetiporus sulphureus(Fr.)Murrill.林西大冷山阔叶林腐木,13202.
(96)硬毛香菇Lentinus strigosusFr.大冷山阔叶林木桩上,13194.
(97)桦褶孔菌Lenzites betulinus(L.)Fr.大冷山白桦枯立木上,13214.
(98)亚褶孔菌Lenzites luridus(Lév.)Teng大冷山白桦枯立木上,13212.
(99)*宽褶孔菌Lenzites platyphyllaLév.正沟桦树林腐木上,11439.
(100)黑柄多孔菌Polyporus melanopus(Pers.)Fr.阿旗罕山林场阔叶林腐木,13448.
(101)灰芝Polystictus murinusCooke大冷山阔叶林木桩上,13215.
(102)多孔菌Polyporus varius(Pers.)Fr.阿旗罕山林场阔叶林腐木,13478.
(103)朱红栓菌Trametes cinnabarina(Jacq.:Fr.)Fr.大冷山阔叶林木桩上,13210.
(104)血红栓菌Trametes sanguinea(L.:Fr.)Lloyd大冷山阔叶林木桩上,13208.
猴头科Hericiaceae
(105)假猴头菌Hericium laciniatum(Leers)Banker正沟枯立木上,11481.
红菇科Russulaceae
(106)*皱盖乳菇Lactarius corrugisPeck荣升景区白桦林地,10254.
(107)*波尔南乳菇Lactarius porninsisRolland乌兰坝落叶松林地上群生,11461.
(108)绒边乳菇Lactarius pubescens(Fr.exKronbh.)Fr.荣升景区白桦林地上,10216.
(109)苏格兰乳菇Lactarius scoticusBerk.&Broome东沟白桦林地上群生,10069.
(110)亚绒白乳菇Lactarius subvellereusPeck 荣升白桦林地上群生,11508.可食用,可抑制肿瘤.
(111)轮纹乳菇Lactariuszonarius(Bull.)Fr.大东沟桦林地上群生,10038,正沟景区桦林地上群生,10162.
(112)大红菇Russula alutacea(Fr.)Fr.荣升白桦林地上,11524.
(113)褪绿红菇Russula atroglaucaEinhell.东山桦林地上散生,10039.
(114)美味红菇Russula delicaFr.阿旗罕山林场油松林地上,13494.
(115)苋菜红菇Russula depallensFr.庆云山杂木林草地散生,10391,可食.
(116)非白红菇Russula exalbicans(Pers.)Melzer&Zvára乌兰坝落叶松林地上,11493.
(117)球孢红菇Russulaglobispora(J.Blμm)Bon 荣升景区,白桦林地上群生,11503,阿旗罕山针叶林地上,13466.
(118)细弱红菇Russul grcillimaJul.Schff.Pilzk.荣升白桦林地上,11488.
(119)鳞盖红菇Russula lepidaFr.阿旗罕山林场油松林地上,13504.
(120)*黄菇Russula lutea(Huds.)Fr.荣升柳树林地上群生,11528,11536.
(121)触黄红菇Russula luteotactaRea正沟桦木林地上散生,10077.
(122)蜜黄红菇Russula ochroleuca(Per.)Fr.荣升白桦林地上,11501.
(123)佩拉妮娅红菇Russula pelargoniaNiolle庆云山杂树林地上散生,10356,11495、11535.
(124)俏红菇Russula pulchellaI.G.Borshch.荣升白桦林地上,11522.
(125)* 鸡冠红菇Russula risigallina(Batsch)Sacc.正沟白桦林中散生,10092.
(126)*茶褐红菇Russula sororiaFr荣升白桦林中地上,11502.
(127)菱红菇Russula vescaFr.盔甲山阔叶林地上,13005.
韧革菌科Stereaceae
(128)金丝韧革菌Stereum spectabileKlotzsch大冷山杂木林木桩上,13209.
(129)褐盖硬革Stereum vibransBerk.&M.A.Curtis大冷山杂木林木桩上,13198.
本文对西拉木沦河沿岸,包括巴林右旗、翁牛特旗和阿鲁科尔沁旗等部分地区及周边地区大型真菌标本进行调查、鉴定,为该区域食药用资源的开发利用提供理论依据.