贝灵恩矿区冒险山

卡韦事务所 奥黑明设计事务所

贝灵恩矿区冒险山

卡韦事务所 奥黑明设计事务所

2015年1 月，卡韦事务所(Carve)、奥黑明设计事务所(Omgeving)以及科林克思工程公司(Krinkels)组成的团队，赢得了位于比利时贝灵恩煤渣山改造的国际竞赛。贝灵恩矿区为弗兰德斯(Flanders)地区最大的遗址之一，业主希望通过发展旅游休闲业促进矿区更新。煤渣山改造是整个矿区更新项目的一部分。这座曾经的矿业城市希望设计团队能够给60m高的煤渣山赋予新的功能，成为文化热点，让人们可以在玩乐中体验矿区历史。

场地的尺度——无论是煤渣山的高度，还是其大工业的特征——都与林堡-弗兰德斯(Limburgian-Flanders)区域的平坦景观形成了鲜明对比。设计介入既注重大尺度的景观地标的塑造，也注重身体尺度，特别是儿童的身体尺度的游玩体验。工业遗址的独特价值作为连续的概念贯穿了整个设计，从而为人们带来了独一无二的游乐景观。这座矿山被赋予了新的意义，串联起了过去与未来。这个设计包含了3个部分，并藉此建立与历史的联系：木桩森林、凹凸起伏的多面体坡地以及山顶的煤矿广场。一条长楼梯贯通山顶与山脚，串联起位于不同高度的各个空间。在夜晚，楼梯的轮廓灯开启，灯光勾勒的起伏地形在黑夜中清晰可见。

呼应历史的木桩森林

1 总体平面图Plandrawing large scale

木桩森林由1 600根木杆构成，它们井然有序地从顶部至底部排列在煤渣山体北侧。木桩的秩序让山体的结构清晰可见。这些圆形木杆曾经被用于在地下延绵数公里的矿井的支撑结构，提醒着人们矿山的过去。同时，木桩森林作为极具冲击力的空间元素，强调了山体的尺度与工业特征。

平衡木、攀爬网、吊床、迷宫和绳网等错落地安置在木桩森林中，形成了带状的游戏空间。木杆都按照网格排列，形成了有趣的透视效果：站在两列木杆的中央向上眺望，如同看到过往深埋在脚下的矿井隧道。

2 节点平面图Plandrawing zoom in

多面体游戏场地

一块楔形场地镶嵌在木桩森林的中部，形成了多面变化的游乐场地。场地的表面顺着山坡起伏，随之产生的变幻光影在远处也清晰可见。场地表面宽窄不一，越在高处越狭窄，而在山脚，场地则成为与木桩交织的碎片。起伏的景观空间与穿插其中的爬行隧道、攀爬墙提供了多样化的游戏方式。其中最引人注意的就是在半山腰上穿插于游乐场地中长达20m的巨大滑梯。孩子们在不同的游戏场地中玩耍、 攀爬、滑落、躲藏和探索。埋藏在斜坡下的隧道纵横交错，仿佛是过去错综复杂的矿井的重现。

无论在木桩森林还是多面体游戏场地中，所有的游乐设施都有一个共同点：它们都在不停挑战孩子们、促使他们改进他们同他人协作，并改善自己的运动技巧。随着空间高度的不断上升，游戏的难度也在逐渐增加，爬得越高遇到的困难越大，孩子们只有相互合作、相互鼓励，才能一直攀爬到顶峰。这种在游戏中学习合作以及鼓励机制的灵感来源于过去煤矿工人的工作经验，他们只有无条件地相信对方才有可能在井下完成繁重的体力工作。

煤矿广场

在60m高的煤渣山顶之上，煤矿广场串联起过去与现在。广场地面的黑色碎石意指煤矿为“黑色黄金”。广场微微下沉，为其中人们挡住了山顶的大风。站在广场的中央，周遭环境全被挡住，视野里将只剩下天上的云朵。煤矿广场倾斜的边缘墙壁上镶嵌着煤矿历史资料以及周边矿区景观的介绍，人们可以在此坐下休息，也可以顺着抬高场地边缘环行一周，俯瞰林堡矿区中的壮美景色。

树桩森林、多面体游戏场地与煤矿广场成为了安托亚集团(Antea)拟定的冒险山总体规划有力补充。这些游戏场地也推动了弗兰德斯地区最大的工业遗址向休闲旅游目的地的历史转变。2016年9月6号，贝灵恩矿区冒险山游乐场盛大开幕。

(编辑／吴晓彤)

设计团队：奥黑明设计事务所(卢克·威雷斯，马腾·莫尔斯，皮特·斯维戈道，艾达·巴布，汤姆·毕耶特)卡韦事务所(埃尔赫·比利茨，马克·凡·德·英格，贾斯珀·凡·德·沙夫，汉娜·舒伯特，约翰内斯·穆勒，克莱门特·盖)

设计时间：2015年1月

建成时间：2016年12月

总体规划：安托亚集团

主施工方：科林克思工程公司

副施工方：凡·福利特公司，伊瑞卡公司

面积：10 060m2(包括5 200m2树干森林，1 200m2多面体游戏场，1 200m2煤炭广场)

网址：www.omgeving.be, www.carve.nl

摄影：贝努瓦·姆兹，马琳·贝克(卡韦设计事务所)，汉娜·舒伯特(卡韦设计事务所)

翻译：宋怡

校对：唐彧玮，张博雅

4 工业场地将成为一个具有文化意义的热门场所The industrial site will be redeveloped to a cultural hotspot

5 滑梯与凹凸的混凝土表面完整接合The slide is integrated within the relief of the concrete play surface

6 混凝土滑梯经过了打磨、抛光处理The slide is made of polished concrete

7 大型、多面起伏的游乐场地镶嵌在树干森林中间Wedged in between the pole forest lies a large, multifaceted play surface

The team of Carve and Omgeving (design) and Krinkels (contractor) won the international competition to design an adventurous play-scape and landmark on a 'terril' in Beringen, Belgium, in January 2015. The adventure mountain is part of the touristic, recreative project be-MINE, that aims to breathe new life into the monumental coalmining site in Beringen, the largest industrialarcheological site in Flanders. The former mining city asked to add new function to the 60 meter high rubble mountain, and to redevelop the old industrial buildings into a cultural hotspot where its history can be experienced in a playful way.

The spectacular scale of this site - regarding both the height of the terril as well as its industrial heritage - is unique in the relatively flat surrounding landscape of Limburgian-Flanders. The intervention is a landmark on a large scale, but through its playable character it also reflects the small scale of a child. The values of the industrial heritage have been a continuous leading theme in the design process that resulted in an unprecedented playscape. The mining 'terril' has been given a new meaning, rooted in both the past and the future.

The design consists of three parts, that create a unity with the mountain and its past: a pole forest as a landmark, an adventurous prismatic play surface on the flank of the mountain and a coal square on the top of the 'terril'. The spine of the ensemble is a straight stairs that provides access to all levels. At night, a light line along the stairs makes the topography of the terril visible.

8 多面体场地包括各种环绕的爬行路线和攀爬面The tectonic play scape contains various routes with crawling tunnels and climbing surfaces

9 爬行通道使人们想起地底的矿井The crawling tunnels refer to the underground mining shafts

Pole Forest as Reference to the Mining Past

The topography of the landscape has regained structure and is made visible by a pole forest: 1 600 timber poles are anchored in the northern flank of the terril, from top to bottom. The rounded poles refer to the mining past; they were used for supporting the kilometres long underground mining shafts. It is a strong spatial gesture and an intervention that relates to the scale of the hill and the industrial heritage on this location.

A part between the poles has been dedicated to an adventurous play course with balancing beams, climbing nets, hammocks, a labyrinth and a rope course. The poles are placed in a grid, which results in an interesting perspective effect: the sightlines create an experience that reminds of the dark mining shafts of the past.

Prismatic Play Surface

Wedged in between the pole forest lies a large, prismatically shaped play surface. It has been 'draped' over the terril, following its heightlines -a gesture that is visible from afar. The surface is a challenging object, that narrows down to the top and 'crumbles' at the foot of the hill. This tectonic landscape offers space to an endless variation of play options, and is scattered with crawling tunnels, climbing surfaces with climbing grips and 'giant stairs'. Its spectacular highlight is the more than twenty meters long slide, which is placed halfway up the hill and is integrated within the relief of the concrete play surface. The various prismatic surfaces invite children to climb, slide, hide and discover. The surface consists of sloped, horizontal and vertical crossings, inspired by the undergroundmining shafts.

All integrated playelements in both the pole forest and the prismatic playsurface have one thing in common: they challenge children physically, to play together and use their motor skills. The sensation of an increasing height and difficulty level of the 'parcours' - the higher you climb, the more difficult it gets - asks for collaboration and mutual encouragement, until one reaches the top. Cooperation and stimulation are therefore intrinsically connected with the play experience, as an immaterial reference to the hard physical work of the old mine-workers, who had to trust one another unconditionally.

10 游戏场地容纳攀爬、滑落、躲藏和探索等活动功能The play surface consists of steep, playable slopes and horizontal and vertical crossings

11 巨大的台阶强化了高度上升的压迫感The giant steps intensify the sensation of the increasing height

12 1 600根木杆整齐排列，从顶端到底部覆盖着整个山体的北坡1 600 timber poles are anchored in the northern flank of the terril, from top to bottom

Coal Square

On top of the terril, at sixty meter height, a 'Coal Square' was created that reflects both the past as the present character of the terril. The square is sunken and visualises the presence of the 'black gold'. Its sunken position provides shelter from the strong winds at the top of the hill. In the middle of the square the horizon will not be visible anymore, directing full attention to the clouds above. The sloped edges of the Coal Square can be used for seating and contain historic information on the site and the surrounding mining landscape. Visitors can take a stroll on the raised talud and enjoy the panoramic views on the surrounding Limburg mining landscape.

Together, the pole forest, the prismatic play surface and the Coal Square create a unique addition to the Masterplan Adventure Mountain, drawn by Antea Group, and are a valuable contribution to the transition of Flanders' largest industrial heritage towards a touristic, recreative project. On the 9th of September 2016 the Adventure Mountain was festively inaugurated.

13矿区冒险山是大尺度的地标性景观元素，同时作为游乐设施，设计着重关注孩子作为使用者的小尺度体验Be-MINE is a landmark on a large scale, but through its playable character it also reflects the small scale of a child

Design team: Carve( Elger Blitz, Mark van de Eng, Jasper van de Schaaf, Hannah Schubert, Johannes Müller, Clément Gay)

Omgeving( Luc Wallays, Maarten Moers, Peter Swyngedauw, Ada Barbu, Tom Beyaert)

Time of design: January 2015

Time of completion: September 2016

Masterplan Avonturenberg: Antea Group

Main contractor: Krinkels

Sub contractors: Van Vliet BV, IJreka BV

Size: 10 060 m2(of which 5 200m2rope forest, 1 200m2prismatic play surface, 1 200m2coal square)

Websites: www.omgeving.be, www.carve.nl

Photography: Benoit Meeus, Marleen Beek(Carve), Hannah Schubert(Carve)

Translator: SONG Yi

Proofreader: TANG Yu-wei, ZHANG Bo-ya

Play Landscape be-MINE, Beringen (BE)

Carve Landscape Architecture, Omgeving Landscape Architecture Urbanism