张 震,尹泽黎,龚细礼,刘育进,江意春,周钢铁,陈德平
(湖南师范大学附属湘东医院,醴陵 412200)
动脉粥样硬化性脑梗死急性期患者血清Apelin-13水平及其与病情的关系
张 震,尹泽黎,龚细礼,刘育进,江意春,周钢铁,陈德平
(湖南师范大学附属湘东医院,醴陵 412200)
目的:探讨急性期动脉粥样硬化性脑梗死患者血清Apelin-13水平及其与病情的关系。方法:选取我院神经内科2013年1月~2014年12月收治的急性脑梗死患者150例(脑梗塞组)。选取体检健康者例作为对照组。患者采用美国国立卫生研究院脑卒中量表(NIHSS)对脑梗死组进行神经功能缺损评分,应用ELASA的方法检测患者血清Apelin-13水平,分析脑梗死组血清Apelin-13水平与神经功能缺损评分、英国牛津郡社区脑卒中项目(OCSP)分型、梗死部位和梗死面积之间的关系。结果:脑梗死组患者血清Apelin-13水平明显高于对照组,不同的OCSP分型、梗死面积、梗死部位的血清Apelin-13水平之间差异有统计学意义,其中完全性前循环梗死>后循环梗死>部分前循环梗死>腔隙性脑梗死;大面积脑梗死>小面积脑梗死>腔隙性梗死。而不同梗死部位的患者血清Apelin-13水平差异无统计学意义,急性期脑梗死患者Apelin-13水平与NIHSS评分呈正相关。结论:急性期脑梗死患者血清Apelin-13水平升高,且随着脑梗死面积增大而升高,但与梗死的部位无相关性,因此Apelin-13水平检测对患者的病情评估有一定的意义。
脑梗死;Apelin-13;OCSP分型
75%,它严重威胁着人类的身体健康和生活质量。不同类型脑梗死的转归和预后也不尽相同,血管闭塞、血流减缓或者阻断是脑梗死及激发病理改变的主要原因。Apelin-13是一种新血管活性肽,具有多种生物活性,与其受体的APJ组成Apelin-13/APJ系统,主要以自分泌和旁分泌的方式发挥作用[1]。有研究发现在大鼠急性心肌缺血再灌注模型中,外源性的Apelin-13输入可减少梗死面积[2],但对脑梗死患者的变化及作用目前尚不清楚。本研究通过定量检测急性脑梗死患者血清Apelin-13水平,探讨其与脑梗死患者病情的关系。
1.1 一般资料 选取我院神经内科2013年1
月~2014年12月收治的急性脑梗死患者150例(脑梗塞组),男性86例,女性64例,年龄为45-75岁,平均(72.6±6.8)岁。选取同期我院体检科健康者50例作为对照组,男性28例,女性22例,年龄为45-75岁,平均(70.1±5.9)岁。动脉粥样硬化性脑梗死入选标准:(1)经颅脑CT和MRI检查证实为脑梗死,且符合1995年全国脑血管病会议制定的动脉粥样硬化性脑梗死诊断标准;(2)急性起病,发病时间≤72小时;(3):既往有卒中史但未遗留神经功能缺损;(4)签署知情同意书。排除标准:(1)有恶性肿瘤、严重心肺肝肾疾病、其他心血管病史及感染病史等;(2)有遗传倾向疾病。
1.2 方法 脑梗死组采集静脉血,对照组健康者采集清晨空腹血,采用ELASA的方法检测所有受检者血清Apelin-13水平,试剂盒购自上海纪宁实业有限公司,严格按照试剂盒说明进行操作。同时采用NHISS对脑梗死组患者进行神经功能缺损评分。脑梗死组病例入院头部CT检查后,进行OCSP分型,同时选取头部CT病灶面积最大平面测量其直径:大面积梗死(超过1个脑叶或直径>5cm)、小面积梗死(小于1个脑叶或直径
1.6 ~5.0cm)和腔隙性梗死(直径<1.6cm)。根据头部CT进行梗死部位分组:皮质梗死、皮质下梗死、皮质及皮质下梗死、脑干或小脑梗死。
1.3 统计学方法 采用SPSS 16.0版统计学软件包进行数据分析。计量资料以mean±SD)表示,多组间均数比较采用单因素方差分析,两组间均数比较采用t检验;血清Apelin-13水平与NIHSS评分的相关性采用Pearson相关性分析,以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。
2.1 脑梗死组与对照组血清Apelin-13水平比较 脑梗死组患者血清Apelin-13水平为(32.93±8.88)ng/mL,对照组为(19.50±5.07)ng/mL,二组比较差异有统计学意义P<0.05)。
2.2 脑梗死组不同的OCSP分型 脑梗死组OCSP分型的血清Apelin-13水平比较有差异,P<0.05. TACI型Apelin-13水平高。 组间两两比较有差异,P<0.05(见表1)。
表1 脑梗死组OCSP分型的血清Apelin-13水平比较
2.3 脑梗死组不同的梗死面积 脑梗死组不同梗塞面积血清Apelin-13水平比较有差异,P<0.05. 大面积梗死Apelin-13水平高(见表2)。
表2 脑梗死组梗塞面积与血清Apelin-13水平比较
2.4 脑梗死组不同的梗死面积 脑梗死组不同梗塞部位血清Apelin-13水平比较无差异,P>0.05(见表3)。
表3 脑梗死组梗塞部位与血清Apelin-13水平比较
2.5 血清Apelin-13水平与NIHSS评分的相关性
图1 Apelin-13浓度与NIHSS分值之间的相关性分析。
Apelin-13是一种新血管活性肽,具有多种生物活性,与其受体的APJ组成Apelin-13/APJ系统,主要以自分泌和旁分泌的方式发挥作用。Sheikh AY等[3]研究发现在急性心肌缺血或缺氧时,心肌细胞通过缺氧诱导因子-1途径使Apelin/APJ表达增加,Apelin在心肌缺氧时表达增加是一种代偿机制,而且Apelin将可能成为急性心肌缺氧的一个潜在标志物。在心肌缺血再灌注中,外源性Apelin-13通过其受体APJ激活PI3K/ Akt及ERKs/MARK通路保护缺血再灌注损伤,同时使心肌细胞线粒体通透性转运孔开放,从而降低心肌梗死面积[4,5]。最近,越来越多的基础研究表明Apelin-13具有脑保护作用。炎症因子如TNF-α在脑缺血发病机制中有重要作用[6],而Apelin-13有抗炎作用,能减少培养的平滑肌细胞和神经纤维细胞中的TNF-αmRNA水平[7]。Khaksari M等人[8]研究认为Apelin-13的脑保护作用且与剂量相关,他们在大鼠的脑缺血动物模型中,给予三种不同剂量的Apelin-13,分别为25ug、50ug和100ug,后两组能显著减轻脑水肿和通过降低caspase-3的活性抑制凋亡,但神经功能缺损未见明显改变。但是,目前尚未有关于Apelin-13在急性脑梗死临床研究的报道。本研究检测了150例脑梗死患者发病72h内的血清Apelin-13的含量.发现比正常对照组明显升高,并且与病灶大小、临床分型及NIHSS评分有相关性。
本研究发现,急性脑梗死患者血清Apelin-13水平显著高于健康者,且其与患者OCSP分型和梗死面积有关。OCSP分型不同,患者血清Apelin-13水平之间有差异,依次为完全性前循环梗死>后循环梗死>部分前循环梗死>腔隙性脑梗死。而梗死面积越大,血清Apelin-13水平越高,依次大面积脑梗死>小面积脑梗死>腔隙性梗死。这可能完全性前循环脑梗死病症超过1个脑叶,梗死面积越大,造成的血管损伤及其脑组织越严重,从而引起Apelin-13水平上调,从而起脑保护作用。但本研究还发现Apelin-13水平在急性脑梗死不同部位之间的无差异,这也提示Apelin-13不能预测梗死部位。
本研究的相关性分析进一步提示,急性脑梗死患者血清Apelin-13水平与NIHSS评分呈相关,提示梗死病症面积越大,脑组织损伤严重,神经功能缺损评分越高,故其对评估患者的病情有一定的指导意义。但是,Apelin-13在脑梗死患者中扮演的角色是否类似动物研究中的一样同样具有脑保护作用,我们的临床研究结果尚不能下此结论。因此,我们的下一步研究,应该针对患者进行亚组分析,观察血清Apelin-13的动态变化过程,探讨其对预后的影响,也为其脑保护的量效及干预的时机奠定基础。
总之,急性脑梗死患者血清Apelin-13水平表达上调,且与梗死病灶大小有关,但与梗死部位无关;Apelin-13水平增高对患者病情严重程度的评估也有提示作用。
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The Serum Level of Apelin-13 in Patients with Acute Cerebral Infarction and Its Relationship with Severity of Illness
Zhang Zhen, Yin Ze-li, Gong Xi-li, Liu Yu-jin, Jiang Yi-chun, Zhou Gang-tie, Chen De-ping
(Affiliated Xiangdong Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Liling 412200, China)
Objective To investigate the serum level of Apelin-13 in patients with acute cerebral infarction and its relationship with severity of illness. Methods patients with acute cerebral infarction (time of onset <72h) who admitted to neurology Department from January 2013 to December 2014, was included as the cerebral infarction group, and healthy people were selected as control group, the gender and age of control group were similar to those of cerebral infarction group. The clinical date of all patients was collected, neurologic impairment scores in the cerebral infarction group were evaluated using NIHSS. The serum level of Apelin-13 of all cases. The relationships between the serum level of Apelin-13 and OCSP subtype, infarct size, infarct location and NIHSS score were investigated. Results The serum level of Apelin-13 in cerebral infarction group was significantly higher than that in control group. The serum level of Apelin-13 in cerebral infarction group changed with OCSP subtype and infarct size, the differences was statistically significant; The serum level of Apelin-13 in patients with total anterior circulation infarct, posterior circulation infarct, partial anterior circulation infarct, lacunar infarct decreased progressively, it also decreased in patients with big size cerebral infarction, small size cerebral infarction and lacunar infarct. There was no significant difference in the serum level of Apelin-13 among patients with different infarct locations. The serum level of Apelin-13 was positively correlated with NIHSS score among patients with actue cerebral infarction. Conclusion The serum level of Apelin-13 in patients with acute cerebral infarction was significantly higher than that in healthy people, and increased with the increased the infarct size. However, there was no relationship between Apelin-13 levels and infarct locations. The serum Apelin-13 might be a new biological marker to predict the severity and prognosis of ischemic stroke.
cerebral infarction; Apelin-13; OCSP type脑血管疾病在我国人口的死因中居第一位。动脉粥样硬化性脑梗死的发病率占全部脑血管病发病率的
R743.3
A
1673-016X(2017)02-0045-03
2016-12-25
2013年度湖南省医药卫生科研计划课题项目 (C2013-017)
张震,E-mail:zhangzhen372@163. com