民众海外遇危险该怎么办？本刊记者独家专访外交部领事司领事保护中心常务副主任、参赞杨舒，教你“防险术”和“化险术”

□ 文/本刊记者 曾睿

民众海外遇危险该怎么办？本刊记者独家专访外交部领事司领事保护中心常务副主任、参赞杨舒，教你“防险术”和“化险术”

□ 文/本刊记者 曾睿

随着中国经济的发展和改革开放的深入，中国公民出境人数激增，中国公民的海外安全风险也成为一个备受社会各界关注的话题。为此，本刊特就相关问题向率团来访的外交部领事司领事保护中心常务副主任、参赞杨舒进行了独家专访。

问：请简要介绍一下2016年中国公民遭遇的海外安全事件的整体情况？

杨舒：今年，我们的领事保护工作总体平稳，不像前几年那样大案、要案多。我们认为，前期的机制建设和预防性领保措施还是发挥了重要作用。民众的海外安全防范意识普遍提高了，国内各部门和驻外使领馆的应急意识得以加强。各种预案比较健全，能够在形势恶化的情况下及早介入，也能够在突发事件面前按照预案和工作程序稳步处理，这些都降低了重大案件发生的几率。但同时也要看到，2016年海外中国公民安全事件全球多点同时爆发态势依旧明显，其中最显著的一个变化就是恐怖袭击对我人员和机构的威胁日益增大。全球恐怖主义活动进入新一轮活跃期，多点频发，特别是在欧美发达国家发生的独狼式恐袭增多，对我国在当地生活、工作和旅游的人员都形成巨大的安全威胁。今年陆续发生我公民在比利时遭恐袭身亡、中国公民在法国尼斯恐怖袭击事件中受伤、中国香港居民在德国火车上遇袭受伤、中国驻南苏丹维和士兵遭袭伤亡、中国驻吉尔吉斯斯坦使馆遇袭等事件。

同时，全球经济持续低迷客观上带来的经济和社会风险也不断加大。世界经济持续低迷，部分国家经济陷入困境，导致民粹主义和极端思想蔓延。一些不法分子往往将矛头对准当地华商和中资企业，通过制造骚乱等干扰其正常经营。今年在委内瑞拉、哥伦比亚、乌克兰、南非等国均发生我企业遭冲击哄抢事件，意大利华商还与当地警方发生冲突。

此外，随着走出去国民的增加，各种意外事件如交通事故、旅游意外伤害等危及我公民人身财产安全的案件呈多发态势，例如在国庆长假期间，在美国、冰岛等国家接连发生数起涉及我人员伤亡的交通事故，在泰国等中国游客集中地区发生多起旅游意外事件。

问：请结合最新的海外安全风险状况的变化提出忠告或建议。

参访团一行在西部物流园合影。 摄影：胡睿

杨舒：我们建议出国的中国公民一定要做好行前准备，了解前往国家或地区的安全形势及中国领事服务网有关安全提醒，稳妥选择出行线路，买好旅行保险。在旅行途中要加强安全防范，避免前往人员密集场所。如果遭遇突发事件或意外，保持冷静，及时报警求助，依法理性维护自己的权益。如需领事保护与协助，可联系中国驻当地使领馆或者外交部全球领事保护与服务应急呼叫中心12308热线求助。

我们强烈建议公民不要赴战乱、政局动荡的高危高风险国家和地区，以及流行病施虐或近期遭遇自然灾害可能性较大的地区旅游，外交部会及时通过“中国领事服务网”“领事直通车”微信、驻外使领馆网站等平台发布安全提醒和旅行提示。针对高危高风险国家和地区，我们还发布“谨慎前往”或“暂勿前往”级别的提醒。希望民众能重视我们发布的安全提醒，建议避免前往风险高的国家和地区旅游。因为在这些地区发生安全事件的几率很大，且由于这些地区条件有限，一旦我公民遭遇困境，我们驻外使领馆能够提供的帮助十分有限，提供帮助的时效难以保障，在有些地方甚至可能无法提供相应协助。

问：近年来，重庆市民出国人数日渐增多，他们的安全意识也有一个逐步加强的过程。你能否以一个真实案例说明加强海外安全风险防范意识和能力的重要性?

杨舒：今年国庆假期，一名重庆游客在泰国普吉旅游期间，在酒店游泳池游泳时不幸溺水身亡。现在随着国内生活水平的提高，越来越多的民众在国庆或小长假期间会选择出国旅游，在海外旅行期间风险无处不在，出国民众一定要加强安全防范意识和能力，比如：吃要注意食品卫生安全，住要注意财产安全，行要注意交通人身安全等。从事如游泳、潜水、徒步、攀岩等运动时更要特别注意安全。此外，还应掌握发生火灾、地震、洪水等灾害的应对常识，了解绑架、劫持、抢劫、袭击等恶性案件的应对技巧等。我们祝愿广大重庆市民高高兴兴出门去，平平安安海外行！

With China’s economic development and the deepening of China’s reform and opening-up, the number of overseas visits grows rapidly, and the overseas security risks of Chinese people also become the concerned issue of society. For this reason, we have made an exclusive interview about the related questions with Yang Shu, Counselor and Deputy Director of the Consular Protection Center of the Department of Consular Aff airs of the Ministry of Foreign Aff airs, who led a delegation to Chongqing.

Q: Could you briefl y introduce the whole situation of overseas security aff airs Chinese citizens encountered in 2016?

Y: Compared with previous years featuring major and magnificent accidents, our work for consular assistance and protection is running stable in this year. We think that mechanism construction in the early stage and preventive consular and protective measures have worked effectively. The overseas security consciousness of Chinese citizens is enhanced, and emergency consciousness of domestic departments and overseas embassies and consulates is strengthened. Pre-arranged plans are sound enough to get involved in before the situation is getting worse and to steadily deal with emergencies in abundance with plans and working procedures, these factors lowers the possibility of major cases. However, it should be noted that, the situation where overseas security aff airs related to Chinese citizens occur in diff erent places at the same time in 2016. One of the most striking changes is our citizens and institutions are under the threat of terrorist attacks is still obvious. One of obvious change is that the threat to Chinese people and constitutions caused by terrorist attacks is increasing. Terrorist acclivities in the world are in a new round of active period, taking place frequently in many places. Especially the lone-wolf attacks in European-American developed country are increasing. These terrorist acclivities caused serious security threats to overseas Chinese people who live, work and travel in foreign countries. Many overseas security affairs related to Chinese people took place successively in 2016, such as Chinese citizens were killed in Belgium terrorist attacks and injured in terrorist attacks in Nice in France, Hong Kong residents were injured in an attack in a train in Germany, Chinese peacekeeping soldiers in South Sudan were killed in an attack,and the Chinese Embassy in Kyrgyzstan was attacked.

At the same time, the world economy continues to wobble, which objectively bring about greater economical and social risks. For that reason, some countries' economies have been trapped in a dilemma, which leads to the spread of populism and extreme thoughts. Counting on this torrent, the targets of some criminals are shift to local Chinese businessmen and China-invested enterprises, and disarranging their management by creating chaos. In this year, China-funded enterprises in countries like Venezuela, Columbia, Ukraine, and South Africa have been robbed, and clashes between Chinese businessmen in Italy and local police occurred.

In addition, with the increasing number of going abroad, cases which threat Chinese citizens’ personal and property security are surging, such as traffic accidents and unintentional injuries during traveling abroad. For example, during China’s National Day Holiday, serious traffi c accidents related to Chinese citizens successively happened in countries like America and Iceland. What’s more, several travel accidents also took place in regions which Chinese tourists pool in like Thailand.

Q: Combining with new changes in overseas security situation, could you give us some advice or suggestions?

Y: We suggest that Chinese people should make preparation in advance to know security situation of the destination and safety notes in the China Consular service Network (http:// cs.mfa.gov.cn/) in a bid to choose trip route appropriately and buy travel insurance. Enhance security awareness during the journey, and avoid going to places with high density of people. Encountered with emergencies or accidents, we should keep cool and call the police for help in time. It is necessary for tourists to rationally safeguard their rights in accordance with laws. If consular protection and assistance are necessary, we can contact with the local Chinese embassy or consulate or call the hot line 12308 which is connected to the emergency call center of the Department of Consular Protection and Service of the Ministry of Foreign Aff airs.

We strongly suggest that citizens not go to states or regions in high-risk situation like political turbulence, war, and not travel to regions where epidemic disease is raging or the possibility of natural disaster is great in the near future. The Ministry of Foreign Aff airs will timely release security alerts and travel tips through platforms like “the China Consular service Network”(http://cs.mfa.gov.cn/), the “Consular Through Train” Wechat and websites of the overseas embassies and consulates. We also release travel warnings or travel bans toward special states or regions in high-risks situation. We hope that citizens can pay attention to security alerts we release, and avoid traveling to high-risks countries and regions. The possibility of security incidents is great and conditions in these regions are limited, so if Chinese citizens encounter accidents, the help that the overseas embassies and consulates can offer will be very limited, and the timeliness of the help can not be guaranteed, even no help can be off ered in certain places.

Q: In recent years, the number of Chongqing citizens going abroad is growing, and their security awareness is in a process of strengthening, so could you tell us a true case occurred in this year to account for the importance of enhancing the overseas security awareness and the risk prevention capability?

Y: During the National Day Holiday in 2016, a tourist from Chongqing unfortunately drowned while swimming in swimming pool in a hotel during his travel in Phuket in Thailand. With the improvement of living standards, a large number of citizens would like to enjoy their National Day Holiday or other holidays in foreign countries, but risks are everywhere during overseas travel. Thus It is quite important for tourists to strengthen the security awareness and the risk prevention capability in aspects like food safety, property safety and traffic safety. Pay special attention to personal safety while doing sports like swimming, diving, hiking and climbing. Besides, tourists should acquire common sense on responding to natural disasters like confl agration, earthquake and fl ood, and know coping skills to deal with vicious criminal cases like kidnapping, hijacking, robbing, and attacking. We hope all Chongqing citizens can go abroad happily and come back safely!

How to Deal with Dangers in Foreign Countries
An Exclusive Interview with Yang Shu, Counselor and Deputy Director of the Consular Protection Center of the Department of Consular Affairs of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Who Tells Us Ways of Preventing and Resolving Dangers

□ J ournalist / Zeng Rui