石梁静岩夜夜心

巫少飞

1940年7月至1942年5月，武侠小说家金庸（学名查良镛）在衢州中学求学。当时，这所学校为避抗战烽烟搬迁至衢城西乡石梁。最近，笔者先后五六次走访那里，寻觅大侠旧踪。

手捧围棋到石梁

1938年，金庸入读在丽水碧湖的浙江省立联合中学。1940年上半年，金庸因在壁报上撰文讽刺当局的学校训育制度而被开除。

金庸事后回忆：“（我）不但失却了继续求学的机会，连吃饭、住宿的生活也发生问题，后来终于……进入衢州中学，那是生死系一线的大难。‘不怕重大压力而在文字中畅所欲言，这也是后来所以得到成功的一个主要关键。”

金庸一来到衢州中学便显示出与众不同。据金庸的同班同学王浩然的回忆文章：“我在这里读书，初中接着高中。到了1940年的秋天，高中二年级开学不久，来了个插班生，住到我们宿舍。大家要知道，我们搬迁到乡下学习，哪还有心思伺候琴棋书画，但这个少年（金庸），不怕旅途劳顿，就那么捧了两盒围棋款款而来，真是很不寻常。”“看这少年，中等身材，天庭饱满，方脸阔嘴，双手捧的却是黑白分明的两盒围棋。”

王浩然忆道，金庸在学校见了人，无论老师、学生还是校工，他都先点头，然后谦和地笑，自我介绍，说是从碧湖转学而来，姓“查”名“良镛”。

其时的衢州中学分为初中、高中、简师及附小，分散在石梁镇和上、下静岩村。金庸就读的高中部设在下静岩村。

今年82岁的下静岩村人吴仲康接受笔者的采访时说：“我没听说过金庸。”老人说这话是因为他年纪小于金庸，且只上了附小，也从没看过武侠小说。仍然健朗的吴仲康清晰记得，衢州中学的校舍有的设在老佛殿，有的设在祠堂里，更多的是把一排排的泥墙屋当作教室。

村人吴文庆带着笔者走访了他的老宅。“楼下的房间一般让给老师住，楼上由学生住。我家楼上住的是女生。你们看！这上面还有当年学生留下的字呢。”这样的老房子，石梁还有一些。热心的村民还一一告诉笔者：“这是衢州中学的图书馆。”“这是衢州大文堂书庄。”“这是聚秀堂书社。”……依稀的旧时模样，似乎仍能感受困苦中的遍地弦歌。

石梁一带的炊烟人家被白云山环抱，尚属能够静心学习之地。在衢州中学，金庸与王浩然及“衢州六烈士”之一的江文焕最为友善。金庸称江文焕和王浩然为“焕哥”“浩弟”。他们三人同出同进，散步读书。

金庸在衢州中学期间，下棋之瘾不小，他甚至寄信到千里之外的桂林，求教于主持围棋研究社的汪振雄。好在汪振雄在回信中很少谈围棋，总是勉励金庸用功读书。

最快乐、最难忘的时光

据笔者检索相关档案和资料，金庸在石梁读书期间，各科成绩都不错。他是一名体育运动爱好者，平时最喜欢打排球，体育毕业成绩是82分，军训成绩是75.2分。在几届校运动会上，最后一项“高中男生武装负重赛跑”，他总是第一个冲刺到终点。

金庸的语文成绩比在碧湖读书时要好，几个学期的语文考试成绩分别为85分、83分、88分、86分，毕业成绩为83.9分。

除了语文好，金庸的英文、地理、历史等成绩也很突出，只有图画、音乐弱一点。金庸的英语功课名列全班前茅，几个学期的考试成绩分别是85分、91分、91分、90分。那时候，金庸就想着“世界那么大，我想去看看”，故他的第一理想是“外交官”，以便周游世界。

笔者在衢州市档案局查阅过金庸同班同学的所有成绩，有公民、体育、国文等15门功课，平均分以六七十分居多，比如王浩然是69.5分。而金庸的成绩平均82.9分，全班第一。

虽然是战时，但衢州中学仍建有图书馆，且藏书颇丰。每逢礼拜六下午或礼拜天上午，学生常常到图书馆阅览或借书还书。

衢州中学设有阅报栏，张挂有在金华出版的《东南日报》等。《东南日报》在浙江、江西、福建乃至中国西南地区拥有相当的影响力，其由陈向平长期主编副刊“笔垒”，与《大公报》桂林版的副刊“大公园”曾被誉为“东西双星”。金庸是“笔垒”的忠实读者。

衢州中学学生自治会创办有一份四开的旬刊《驼铃》，在石梁镇的一间印刷作坊石印，字迹清楚，编排也很有特色，有小品、小评、小通讯、小报道、打油诗，甚至“厕所文学”，可惜只出了四期。金庸和同学游弋其间，如鱼得水。

金庸说过：“在衢州中学的两年，是我最快乐、最难忘的时光。尽管当时读书条件很艰苦，但衢州中学的老师对我很好，学习氛围也很浓，我受益很多。我当时在校图书馆借阅了许多书籍，特别是‘万有文库中的古今中外名著。”

一事能狂便少年

海宁查氏本是世家，有家学家风。金庸小时候爱好读书习作，故而少年时即有文名。

1941年9月4日，金庸用笔名“查理”在《东南日报》“笔垒”发表文章《一事能狂便少年》，标题来自同乡前辈王国维之语。惜才的陈向平乘出差到衢州之便到石梁来看看这个“查理”。年龄的差距没有妨碍他们一见如故，陈向平指点金庸来年报考西南联大。

1941年12月7日，金庸的《人比黄花瘦》一文再次在“笔垒”发表。他在文中批评了“一切吟风弄月、缺乏战斗精神的思想”，蔑视“自我怜惜的心理”，虽然不无少年人的偏激，但在抗日的背景下亦情有可原。

抗战时期的衢州中学有一批阵容强大的国文老师，王西彦、袁微子、陈康白、陈友琴、曹百川、张厚植、方光焘、屠伯和、何植三等先后在这里任教。那时学生每天都要写一篇自拟题目的短文，日记簿由学校统一印发。金庸在作文课上，经常第一个交卷，并获得最佳评分，大家争相传阅。

在离开衢州3个月后，金庸在“笔垒”发表了6000多字的文章《“千人中之一人”》。此文引所罗门的话开始，以《马太福音》结束，中间还引用了《箴言》《撒母耳记》等，金庸不但对《圣经》熟悉，从中还看得出他对西塞罗、巴尔扎克等作品的熟悉，可见在衢州中学的良好教育对他成长有极大的作用。endprint

金庸在衢州中学求学期间，不但成绩好，其为人处世内敛、稳重、正派、儒雅，亦为人称道。他来到不久，班长改选，便任班长。

1995年，金庸在与日本学者池田大作的对话中，提到少年时在石梁的这样一件事：1941年5月，因侵华日军投放细菌弹，金庸的同班同学毛良楷染上了鼠疫，一时学生、校工逃得干干净净，毛同学躺在床上只是哭泣，班主任姜子潢老师拿出钱来，重金雇了两名农民抬毛同学至衢江中的一艘隔离船上。作为班长的金庸虽然心里很害怕，但义不容辞，他在黑夜中跟在担架的后面直至江边与毛同学垂泪永别。金庸自谦：“整个抗战期间，自觉有点勇气的事就只这么一件。”

20世纪90年代初，金庸在写给当时衢州市副市长姜宁馨的信中说：“想起在衢州读书的日子，我备感温馨。”

石梁静岩夜夜心

1942年5月24日，日军攻陷金华，衢州危在旦夕。学校决定停课疏散，学生提前草草结业、毕业。学校给学生发了流亡学生证明。金庸在衢州石梁的求学生涯就此结束。

据《程正迦回忆录》载：1942年夏，金庸与江文焕、王浩然、黄文俊、吴汝榕、程正迦、程正返、朱卿云等衢州同学决定西行求学，不在沦陷区做亡国奴。他们所用资金系江文焕母亲给予。八人先在航埠镇王浩然家里集中，带着随身衣物和炒米，凭着流亡学生证明可以免票，挤上了去江西的火车，继续着乱世求学梦……

金庸在衢州求学的经历，对他今后的文学创作和人生起着重要的作用。金庸曾说：“我许多创作灵感来自衢州。”

2004年10月，金庸首次回访母校衢州第一中学，他在烈士江文焕像前停留了好久，又在有校友周迅像的画报上签名……金庸对同学们说：“因为在衢州读过书，所以我是真心称呼你们为师弟、师妹。想想我们当年读书的艰难，你们要好好读书。”“好好读书”这四个字，金庸说了三四次，这是一位学长对后辈的殷切期望。

那次回访，金庸应邀落笔：“少年时负笈衢中，师长教诲，同学勉励，常自怀念。今访母校，见规模大张，日思昔日，不禁悲喜交集也。”他并题诗：“温雅豪迈衢州人，同学少年若兄弟。六十年中常入梦，石梁静岩夜夜心。”

（本文图片由作者提供）

Louis Chas Middle School Years in Quzhou

By Wu Shaofei

I have visited the villages which housed Quzhou Middle School in the years of World War Two in a bid to trace the footprints of Louis Cha， who has authored many epic Kungfu novels. The youngster studied at the middle school from 1940 to 1942.

Louis Cha Leung-yung （Zha Liangyong）， best known by his pen name Jin Yong， is a Chinese novelist and essayist based in Hong Kong. He is a native of Haining in northern Zhejiang. In 1938， Cha enrolled in the United Middle School in Lishui in southwestern Zhejiang.

In the first half of 1940， he was dispelled from the middle school because he lampooned the school authorities in an article published on a blackboard. Years later， he recalled of the time： “I not only lost an opportunity to continue my middle school education but also had difficulty in getting food and shelter. It was a matter of life and death. Fortunately， Quzhou Middle School took me in. Publishing what I want to say boldly under duress became a key to my success years later. ”

Pretty soon， the young Louis Cha distinguished himself in the new school. Wang Haoran， a classmate of Louis Cha at the school， recalls in his memoir decades later： “A new student came to our class shortly after the second semester had started in the autumn. During the wartime， we were in the remote rural area and we were not in a mood for light hobbies such as calligraphy， painting， chess or music. This youngster was different. He had two boxes of Weiqi stones in black and white.”endprint

Wang Haoran recalls that Cha was modest and friendly： he smiled and introduced himself to classmates and teachers and other school employees.

Wu Zhongkang， now 82， says he has never heard of Jin Yong. His ignorance of Jin Yong is largely because he was much younger than the novel writer， and he has never read Kungfu novels and he did not go to middle school anyway. But he remembers the senior high department of Quzhou Middle School in Xiajingyan Village. The Buddhist temple in the village served as a dorm. The clan temple also housed some students and teachers. Rows of adobe houses served as classrooms. Wu Wenqing， a villager at Xiajingyan， took me to the deserted house where his family used to live. He explained： “The rooms on the ground were for teachers. Students usually lived upstairs. The second floor of my house was for girl students. Look， these words on the wall were written by the students.”

While in Xiajingyan， Cha made friends with Wang Haoran and Jiang Wenhuan. They went everywhere together. Jiang was one of the six revolutionary martyrs of

Quzhou. Wang Haoran recalls that Cha was obsessed with Weiqi in his school years. He wrote letters to Wang Zhenxiong， who chaired a Weiqi society in Guilin. Wang wrote back. Wang encouraged Cha to focus on academic studies and rarely offered tips on the game.

Villagers pointed historical houses out to me： this house was used as a library of the middle school and these houses were bookstores that followed the middle school from Quzhou City.

The archives show that Louis Cha was a top student. He read a lot and was active in school events.

On May 24， 1942， Jinhua City fell to Japanese aggressors. Quzhou was about to fall. Quzhou Middle School decided to shut down the school and evacuate students. Louis Cha ended his two years at the school and received a certificate that identified him as a student. In the summer of 1942， Cha and some other students teamed up and moved westward to Jiangxi Province， determined not to live in occupied areas.

Louis Cha comments that the two years in Quzhou were significant in his life and his novelist career. Many of his inspirations came from his experiences in Quzhou.

In October 2004， he visited Quzhou No.1 Middle School for the first time after a long hiatus of decades. He took a long look at the statue of Jiang Wenhuan. He also signed his name on a poster which featured film star Zhou Xun， an alumna of the school.endprint