缔造世界级产业集群

缔造世界级产业集群

重庆是全国最大汽车产业基地。 摄影：刘汪洋

重庆作为中国重要的国防科研基地，经过60年来的发展壮大，已经具备强大的从生产制造和加工综合配套能力。直辖以来，重庆工业以科学发展观为指导，坚持走新型工业化道路，全力推进“大投资、大支柱、大基地、大企业、大项目”发展战略，倾力打造国家重要的现代制造业基地，工业和信息化得到长足发展。

如今，重庆已经构筑起“6+1”产业集群。“6”是指电子信息、汽车、装备、化工、材料、能源六大产业，“1”是指劳动密集型的消费品产业。其中，电子信息产业和汽车产业已成为重庆两大主动力。

近年来，随着惠普、广达、英业达等国际IT巨头纷纷落户，重庆已有了由品牌商、代工企业、零部件企业组成的“5+6+800”全球最大电脑产业集群。数据显示，过去5年，重庆电子产业全行业产值从500亿元增加到了5700亿元，增长了11倍。目前，全球每三台笔记本电脑就有一台重庆造，重庆已拥有全球最大电脑产业集群。

同时，重庆也是全国最大的汽车产业基地。目前，重庆拥有长安汽车及国内外多家重要的汽车品牌，全国每9辆汽车中就有1辆重庆造。由于汽车产业的集群发展，重庆规模以上汽车零部件企业近千家，具有70%以上的汽车零部件实现了本地配套。

2015年，汽车和电子信息两大产业对重庆工业增长贡献率达到了45%。

与此同时，电子核心部件、物联网、机器人及智能装备、新材料、高端交通装备、新能源汽车及智能汽车、MDI及化工新材料、页岩气、生物医药、环保等十大战略新兴产业，也已成为重庆供给侧改革主战场，十大新兴产业蓬勃发展。从2014年提出至今，十大战略新兴产业已呈现加速抢跑格局：2014年实现产值600亿元，去年达到1664亿元，今年的目标是2800亿元。

Jiangbeizui Financial business district. Photograph: Liu Wangyang

As a crucial scientific research base for national defense, Chongqing, after 60 years of advancement, is now fully capable of integrating manufacturing with processing comprehensively. Ever since the day of June 18, 1997, Chongqing, under the guidance of the scientific outlook on development, has been focusing on the course of new-type industrialization and the development strategy of promoting “large investments, large pillar industries, large bases, large enterprises and large projects”so as to build itself as a major modern manufacturing base of China. Up till now, it has advanced by leaps and bounds in terms of industrialization and informatization.

Nowadays, Chongqing has successfully created a “6 plus 1” industrial clusters, where “6” refers to industries of electronic information, automobile, equipment, chemical industry, material and energy while “1” stands for laborintensive consumer goods industry, among which the electronic information industry and automobile industry have been developed as two major driving forces for Chongqing.

In recent years, after many international IT giants entered Chongqing, including HP, Inventec and Quanta, we have formed the largest global computer industry cluster of “5 plus 6 plus 800” mode which represents brand merchants, foundries and components & parts enterprises respectively. Statistic data shows that the total output value of Chongqing’s electronic industry has increased to RMB 570 billion from RMB 50 billion five years ago, a growth of 11 times. Currently, among every three laptops globe wide, there is one made in Chongqing.

At the same time, Chongqing serves as the largest automobile industry base in China since plenty of major automobile brands from home and broad (Changan automobile for instance) have built their manufacturing bases here and in China, there is at least 1 car out of 9 made in Chongqing. Owing to the development of the automobile industry cluster, Chongqing now owns almost 1,000 automobile parts enterprises with considerable scale which are able to provide local cars with over 70% of the components and parts needed.

In 2015, the automobile and electronic information industries accounted for 45% in the growth rate among Chongqing industry as a whole.

What’s more, other 10 strategic emerging industries have also been thriving as the main forces for Chongqing’s supplyfront reform, including electronic core components, internet of things, robot and intelligent equipment, new materials, high-end transport equipment, green cars and intelligent automobile, MDI and new chemical materials, shale gas, biological medicines and environment protection. proposed in 2014, these strategic 10 emerging industries have been advancing by leaps and bounds with an output value of RMB 60 billion in 2014, RMB 166.4 billion in 2015 and RMB 280 billion to expect for 2016.

Creating World-class Industrial Clusters