学案在高三英语写作复习教学中的实践与思考

利思琪

写作是听、说、读、写四项技能的重要组成部分，是体现学生综合语言运用能力的输出性技能。写作能力训练是发展学生思维能力和表达能力的有效途径，也是衡量教学效果的标准之一。（王笃勤）然而，写作却是一项令学生心烦、教师头痛的任务。在高三的英语写作课堂中，部分教师不研究学情，不能随着复习的进度精心设计写作任务，也不能从布局谋篇、遣词造句、斟酌关键词、美化句式等方面指导学生，而是随意选择高考题或者模拟题试卷中的写作任务作为课后作业。这种教学模式不仅导致学生的英语写作水平停滞不前，不能随着复习的深入呈阶梯上升，还致使学生对写作失去了兴趣，应付甚至厌倦写作。

为了激发学生的写作兴趣，提高高三英语复习写作教学的有效性，改进写作教学的模式，我尝试在写作过程中实施学案，并结合具体教学设计开展反思。学案包括三部分：预习案、训练案和复习案。预习案是在正式上课前发给学生，供学生自学和小组讨论使用，为训练案做准备的。训练案供教师当堂进行达标训练或测试时使用，目的是及时得到反馈，解决问题，以学生编制学习的知识结构（导图）、题目训练两种形式为主。复习案是供学生课后复习用的，它能帮助学生巩固和复习所学的知识，又能检测学生的学习情况。

下面以高三级第一轮复习Book 3 Unit 1 “Festivals around the world”为例，我设计了一份包含预习案、训练案和复习案的学案。

Step 1 （预习案） Read the two passages in your learning paper in Exercise I， find out the English expressions according to the Chinese in Exercise II， then get familiar with the useful expressions about describing a festival.

I Read the following two passages and get familiar with the useful words and phrases about describing a festival.

1. The Dragon Boat Festival， one of the most important festivals in China， takes place/ is celebrated on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month every year. It is held in memory of a famous ancient Chinese poet， Qu Yuan. Besides， it is also traditional for people to clean their houses and watch dragon boat races to celebrate it. Dragon Boat Festival is an important feast day， when people can eat many kinds of rice dumplings made of glutinous rice with meat， beans or eggs in it. Nowadays Dragon Boat Festival has been set as an official festival so it is also a family reunion time for those who work far away from home.

2. Christmas Day， the most important festival in western countries， falls on December 25th every year. It celebrates the birth of Jesus. On Christmas Day， churches， houses and Christmas trees are decorated with colorful lights and its the custom for Christians to go to church and sing Christmas songs. Besides， Christmas Day is a happy event， when you can experience the strong atmosphere of this festival and everyone can get a surprising present. So nowadays more and more people look forward to Christmas Day， which brings us happiness and makes us forget our work for a while.

II Translate the following expressions.

1. 中国最重要的传统节日之一

2. 在/发生在

3. 农历五月初五

4. 它是纪念……

5. 对于某人来说做……是一种传统。

6. 是一个喜庆的时刻，在这时……

7. 被设定为法定节日

8. 家庭团聚的时刻

9. 它是庆祝……

10. 用……来装饰

11. 对于某人来说做……是一种习俗。

12. 去做礼拜

13. 浓厚的节日气氛

14. 一份惊喜的礼物

15. 期待

16. 暂时忘记工作中的烦恼

【说明】这个任务是帮助学生为上课的写作做好准备，所以学生必须把这个任务在课前提前完成，各小组长负责督促和检查完成情况。

Step 2 Group work

Students work in groups and check their answers in Part II together. Collect students questions and deal with their problems with the whole class. Make sure every student can find out the answers.

Step 3（训练案） Lets have a try

Task 1 Students have about 10 minutes to finish a similar topic writing. Teachers go around and see if they need help.

III Translate the following passage， using five sentences.

【说明】这个任务是帮助学生多掌握和积累好词好句。由于我设计相似的句型和篇章，用上前面所准备的词汇，因此90%的学生能在10分钟内完成这个写作任务，并且能用上一些高级表达如同位语、when 和which引导的定语从句等。

Task 2 Students share their sentences with their group members. Then check the answers with the whole class.

Task 3 Students have about 2 minutes to combine all the sentences with some proper conjunctions or expressions. Then invite some students to read aloud their writing.

【说明】为了使学生写出的文章在结构上更有逻辑，条理更清晰，我要求学生用适当的连词或短语连接上下文。

Task 4 Reading and filling in the blanks.

Students have 2 minutes to read aloud the composition， then fill in the following blanks.

The Spring Festival， in China， on the first day of the first lunar month. the end of winter and the coming of spring. gather to have a big dinner， wear new clothes and new shoes. ， they can and in the evening. People the Spring Festival， makes us forget our work for a while.

【说明】经过几次重复，学生快速完成填空，部分学生甚至能背出此文章。

Step 4 （复习案） Homework： According to what you learn， write down the following passage in 5 sentences. Try your best to use some good expressions we learn today.

参考词汇

源自：have its origin in 鬼怪：ghosts and monsters 南瓜灯：pumpkin lantern

【说明】从学生交上来的作文来看，绝大多数学生都能正确地使用本节课所学到的知识点，特别是同位语、when 和which引导的定语从句等高级表达。令人惊讶的是，平时一些从不交作文的学生也交上了他们的作文。

经过一年的尝试和不断改进，学生的写作水平有了明显的提高，写作兴趣逐渐浓厚。在高三英语写作复习教学中使用学案，是解决学生英语写作困难、培养学生学习兴趣、提高学生综合语言运用能力、大面积提高教学质量的有效学习方式。我也受益匪浅，感受到了研究的乐趣，还提高了自身的科研能力。

责任编辑 魏文琦