和平桥，德利-伦敦德利，北爱尔兰

建筑设计：威尔金森艾尔建筑设计有限公司Architects:WilkinsonEyre



和平桥，德利-伦敦德利，北爱尔兰

The Peace Bridge,Derry-Londonderry,Northern Ireland,2011

建筑设计：威尔金森艾尔建筑设计有限公司Architects:WilkinsonEyre

和平桥最初的构想是在德利-伦敦德利的福伊尔河上的一座标志性建筑，将东岸的埃博林顿和西岸的市中心连接起来。桥的命名是为了彰显它将两个历史上分离的社区连接起来的重要意义，它得到了“欧盟三号和平基金”所发起的“共享空间项目”的资助。这座桥是一项更宏大的复兴计划的核心部分，其设计要求以城市统一为主题，提出具有美感的实体表达。它也是德利-伦敦德利成为2013年“英联邦文化之都”的一项重点项目。

项目客户是艾莱克斯城市复兴公司，它的使命就是规划、发展并维持德利市域范围内的经济、空间和社会复兴。2008年，按照欧盟招投标程序选出一系列候选单位后，这座桥的设计和建造竞标正式开始。标书的要求包括一座“标志性的、现代而优雅的、代表最高设计水准的桥梁”，同时应使用低维护材料、在造价范围内建造起来。中标团队包括总承包商格拉汉姆建造公司、结构咨询公司AECOM、建筑设计公司威尔金森艾尔以及钢结构加工厂罗科德公司，各方在竞标和深化设计过程中紧密合作，以达成一个满足客户需求的、经济的设计建造方案。

这座桥是一座供步行者和自行车通行的自锚式悬索桥。桥面蜿蜒的平面形式具有象征意义。桥面分为两段弧形部分，各自悬挂在一座倾斜的钢结构桥塔上。在河流中部，两个结构体系交叠而形成一次“结构性握手”。这种结构形式在英国应该是前所未见的。这座312m长的桥共有6跨，其中的3跨是由悬索支撑的。河流的宽度为96m，通航最小净空为4.3m。在河流东岸，桥的末端一直延续至德利通往贝尔法斯特的火车站。

正弦曲线形的桥面形式是为了应对福伊尔河两侧河岸严重的不平行。此外，同样重要的是这座桥在河的任意一侧看来都应该是有视觉关联性的。因此，桥梁设计巧妙地利用对称性来解决这些问题。同时，这也满足了最初的设计要求，即以明显的视觉方式庆祝两岸的连接和团聚——桥本身不属于任何一方，却同时服务于两者。（黄华青 译）

项目信息/Credits and Data

客户/Client:Ilex URC

结构设计/Structural Engineer:Faber Maunsell/Aecom承建商/Contractor:Graham Construction

跨距/Span:235m

宽度/Width:3.5～4.5m

造价/Value:£10,000,000

完工时间/Completion:2011.06

摄影/Photos:Ros Kavanagh

1　俯瞰/Aerial view

2　全景/Panoramic view

The Peace Bridge was conceived as a landmark structure across the River Foyle in Derry-Londonderry linking Ebrington on the east bank to the City Centre on the west bank.The bridge is named for its significance in connecting two historically divided communities and is funded by EU PEACE III funding under the Shared Space programme.The bridge was the centrepiece of a wider regeneration plan,and was designed to provide an aesthetically pleasing physical expression of the unification of the city.It was a focal point for when Derry-Londonderry become the "UK City of Culture" in 2013.

The client,Ilex Urban Regeneration Company was set up with a remit to plan,develop and sustain the economic,physical and social regeneration of the Derry City Council area.In 2008,following selection of a shortlist through the OJEU process,a Design & Build tender process for the design and delivery of the bridge was launched.The tender requirements included a "bridge of the highest design qualityiconic,modern and elegant" to be built within budget using low maintenance materials.The winning project team of main contractor Graham Construction,structural engineer AECOM,architect WilkinsonEyre and steelwork fabricator Rowecord worked closely during both tender and detailed design periods to develop an economical solution that fulfilled the client's requirements.

The bridge is a self-anchored suspension bridge for the use of pedestrians and cyclists.The serpentine plan form of the deck is symbolic.The bridge deck is divided into two curved halves,each supported by the suspension system from a single inclined steel pylon.At the centre of the river,the structural systems overlap to form a "structural handshake".The form of the structure is believed to be the first of its kind in the UK.The 312m long bridge has six spans in total,three of which are supported from the cables.The main river span is 96m,with a minimum clearance of 4.3m for navigation.On the eastern bank,the end span bridges over the Derry to Belfast railway.

The sinusoidal bridge deck alignment was conceived to resolve the misalignment of strong physical axes on the opposing banks of the River Foyle.In addition,it was also important that the bridge should not be seen to be visually allied to a particular bank of the river.The design of the bridge is therefore sensitive to these issues through symmetry.In addition,it was a requirement that the bridge must celebrate the connection and reunion of the two banks,visually and boldly-belonging to neither but serving both.

3 桥上看风景的行人/the pedestrian enjoying the scenery on the bridge

4 三维模型/3D model

5 总平面/Site plan

评论

范路：福伊尔河上的和平桥呈现了“双人舞”的形象。两座钢结构桥塔倾斜向不同方向，但又相互围绕。它们各自悬挂的弧形桥身连接成一个S型整体。“双人舞”既是和平桥的姿态，也象征了两岸居民的团聚。S形桥身巧妙应对了两侧河岸严重不平行的状况，并为行人带来了欣赏“双人舞”的多种视角。

Comments

FAN Lu:the image of the Peace Bridge across the River Foyle could be understood as a kind of performance of "Pas de deux".Two steel pylons tilt in different directions but around each other.Two bridge decks suspended from those two pylons separately are with serpentine plan form and connected into an S-shaped whole."Pas de deux" describes the formal character of Peace Bridge and symbolize the connection and reunion of the two banks.The S-shaped form of bridge deck not only resolves the misalignment of strong physical axes on the opposing banks of the River,but also provides passers-by on the bridge various perspectives to appreciate the "Pas de deux".

高岩：经典的设计永远属于那些可以完美地融合场所精神、场地限制、功能效率、结构选型、形式语言、施工建造和维护使用的“大设计”。无疑，和平是英国桥梁设计大师威尔金森·艾尔的又一个杰作！桥，连接原本分开的两地，却在连接的过程中孕育着无限的可能性。在福伊尔河上，为了庆祝德利-伦敦德利的联合，威尔金森·艾尔创造了一个既不专属于任何一方，但又轻松自如地连接双方，展现自身的“曲桥”。桥身斜拉索的受力分布，与桥体蜿蜒的正弦曲线相得益彰，两个弧线在中间的主跨“结构握手”，象征了双城的合并，又圆满地完成了功能和结构的任务。一个不完全对称的曲线，虽然看似增加了跨越的长度，却在不经意间解决了两岸不平行的问题，更重要的是，让跨越的经历变得如此美妙愉悦！

GAO Yan:An remarkable design always offers holistic response to its context,i.e.synthesizing the spirit of the place,functional efficiency,structural typologies,formal languages,construction,maintenance and operations.Surely,the Peace Bridge is such a masterwork of the British architects Wilkinson Eyre.Inherently,a bridge was designed to connect two places but it breeds infinite possibilities in experience.In order to celebrate the unite of Derry and Londonderry over the Foyle River,Wilkinson Eyre creatively employs a "sinusoidal bridge" allowing perpendicular connection to the unparalleled banks.The stayed cables form a structural synergy with the sinusoidal bridge deck in balancing the stress distributed along the entire span,forming a "handshake" over the primary mid-span.It not only symbolizes the unite of the two cities,but also successfully integrates form with functions and structure.The asymmetric curve appears to increase the overall bridge length,but it inadvertently resolves the normal connection to the unparalleled banks,more importantly,it creates enjoyable and inspiring experience while crossing the river.