护理干预对COPD患者预后的影响

[摘要]目的探究护理干预对于COPD急性期患者预后的影响。方法将该院呼吸内科自2009年2月—2014年11月收治的84例慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）患者随机分为观察组和对照组，对照组实施常规护理措施，观察组在对照组的基础上实施护理干预，包括心理干预、饮食干预、行为干预及呼吸功能康复训练等，3月后分析两组患者的肺功能变化情况及血气指标。结果观察组患者的肺功能改善情况明显优于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；血气指标方面，观察组患者的PaO 2、PaCO 2及SaO 2改善情况明显优于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论护理干预可有效改善患者的肺功能情况及血气情况，有利于患者生活质量的提高，值得推广。

[作者简介]耿会学（1972.8-），女，山东青阳镇人，本科，主管护师，研究方向：内科护理。

The Influence of Nursing Intervention on the Prognosis of Patients with COPD

GENG Hui-xue

Department of Internal Medicine, Shandong Zouping County Haosheng Town Health Center, Zouping, Shandong Province, 256219 China

[Abstract] Objective To explore the effects of nursing intervention on the prognosis of patients with acute phase of COPD. Methods 84 patients with COPD admitted in the Department of Respiratory Medicine of our hospital were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group. The control group were treated by the conventional nursing and the observation group were treated by nursing intervention, including psychological intervention, diet intervention, behavioral intervention and respiratory function rehabilitation training on the basis of conventional nursing. And the lung function and blood gas index of the two groups 3 months later were analyzed. Results Compared with the control group, the lung function of the observation group was improved more obviously with statistically significant difference (P<0.05). In terms of blood gas indicators, the PaO 2, PaCO 2and SaO 2was much better in the observation group than that in the control group, respectively with statistically significant difference (P<0.05). Conclusion The nursing intervention can effectively improve the lung function and blood gas of the patients, which is conducive to the improvement of the quality of life of the patients, so it is worthy of promotion

[Key words] COPD; Nursing intervention; Lung function; Blood gas analysis

慢性阻塞性肺疾病(chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, COPD)为临床常见呼吸系统疾病,由慢性支气管炎和(或)肺气肿等引起,以气流受阻为主要特征,以反复咳嗽、咯痰及呼吸困难为主要症状气道阻塞呈进行性加重,多不可逆,常能够伴有气道高反应性 [1]。COPD缠绵难愈，容易并发慢性肺源性心脏病，严重危害中老年人的身心健康，直接影响其生活质量。如何有效改善患者的肺功能及血气情况，提高其生活质量已经越来越被医学界所重视。该研究在2009年2月—2014年11月分析护理干预对COPD患者生存状态的影响，以寻求提高其生活质量合理护理措施，现报道如下。

1　资料与标准

1.1　一般资料

84例患者均是该院呼吸内科自2009年2月—2014年11月收治的病人，其中观察组42例，男性25例，女性17例，年龄在53～81岁之间，平均年龄（64.9±4.3）岁，病程在9～31年之间，平均病程（15.7±5.1）年；对照组42例，男性27例，女性15例，年龄在51～79岁之间，平均年龄（65.1±4.5）岁，病程在11～29年之间，平均病程（15.4±4.9）年。两组患者在性别、年龄及病程方面无明显差异性，存在可比性。

1.2　诊断标准

COPD诊断标准参考中华医学会制定的《慢性阻塞性肺疾病诊治指南》 [2]。

1.3　纳入标准

临床诊断符合相关标准者；自愿参与该研究并签署知情同意书者；言语交流自如，神志清晰者；1.4排除标准

气胸患者；胸部肿瘤患者；严重肝肾功能障碍者；重度心、肺