2015年高考英语模拟试题（八）

徐焕焕

第Ⅰ卷

第一部分：听力（略）

第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

Ebola made headlines throughout 2014. The virus has existed in parts of Africa for decades， but many Americans only became aware of it after a major outbreak in late 2013.

Ebola gets its name from the Ebola River， in the Democratic Republic of the Congo， where the disease was first reported in 1976. Its early symptoms are similar to those of other illnesses， but Ebola can worsen quickly and turn deadly.

The virus spreads through direct contact with the bodily fluids of the infected people.West Africa is experiencing the most severe Ebola outbreak on record. It began in December 2013. As of December 6， this outbreak has resulted in more than 6，000 deaths， according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Currently， Guinea， Liberia， and Sierra Leone are the countries with the most Ebola cases.

The hardesthit areas are trying extreme measures to contain the spread of Ebola. Sierra Leone ordered its 6 million residents（居民） to stay indoors for three days. During this lockdown， 30，000 healthcare workers and volunteers went door to door to teach people about the disease， and to look for possible cases. Officials called the lockdown a success， but it was not a solution.

The outbreak of Ebola tested the worlds ability to respond to pandemic disease（流行病）. It was a difficult task， but the group of doctors， nurses， and other responders who fought tirelessly to battle the virus proved themselves heroic and selfless in their mission. The Ebola fighters have put their own lives at risk. Some contracted the disease themselves， in their efforts to take care of sick patients and stop the virus from spreading.

“If someone from America comes to help my people， and someone from Uganda，” says Iris Martor， a Liberian nurse， “then why cant I？” Foday Gallah， an ambulance driver who survived infection， calls his immunity a holy gift. “I want to give my blood so a lot of people can be saved，” he says. “I am going to fight Ebola with all of my might.”

“The rest of the world can sleep at night because a group of men and women are willing to stand and fight，” wrote TIMEs Managing Editor Nancy Gibbs.

21. What do we know about Ebola？

A. It spreads quickly in different ways.

B. It has turned deadly in recent years.

C. It broke out in America in late 2013.endprint

D. It was named after a river in Congo.

22. From Paragraph 3 we learn .

A. that the virus was spreading fast

B. that the disease caused great loss

C. how serious the situation is now

D. how many countries were affected

23. Why were the residents ordered to stay at home in Sierra Leone？

A. To avoid being affected.

B. To find out who are affected.

C. To offer them medical training.

D. To offer medical treatment to patients.

24. What Iris Martor said suggests that .

A. she is glad join the fight against Ebola

B. she is willing to donate blood to others

C. Uganda is great need of medical workers

D. there are many volunteers from America

B

As we all know， the ocean holds more than 97% of the water on earth. Through its role in the water and carbon cycles， the ocean is a major contributor（促成因素） to many of earths processes. It hosts some of our planets most diverse ecosystems.

Now global warming and resulting climate change have a strong impact on those ocean ecosystems and the marine wildlife living there. Regional climate changes have resulted in increased numbers of natural disasters such as storms， floods， and droughts， which affect wild animals migration， nesting， and hibernation activities， as well as the availability（可利用性） of regular food sources.

Meanwhile，rising water temperatures， sea levels， and ocean acidity（酸度） are affecting the coastal habitats and the animals that live in or near them， including polar bears， whales， seals， fish， penguins， turtles， and humans.

The United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change （IPCC） recently released a largescale study focusing on climate change. The new report demonstrates just how wideranging the effects of a warming world will be. “We have assessed impacts as they are happening in natural and human systems on all continents and oceans，” said Rajendra Pachauri of the IPCC. “No one on this planet will be untouched by climate change.”

According to the study， glaciers will continue to shrink（收缩） as the climate warms. Species on land and in the sea are shifting their range in response to warming， and some will face an increased risk of extinction. Health impacts will be felt from heat waves and from floods in lowlying areas. The seas will continue to become more acidic， destroying coral reefs.

25. The second paragraph is mainly about .endprint

A. the important function of the ocean

B. the necessity of protection the ocean

C. the consequences of global warming

D. animals affected by changing weather

26. Which of the following may cause animals to change their habitat？

A. Sudden cold weather.

B. Constant melting snow.

C. Volcanic eruption.

D. Tourists making noise.

27. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 mean？

A. Everyone will be affected by climate change.

B. The effects of climate change will last forever.

C. Marine animals are probably the most effected.

D. Most of animals will suffer from global warming.

28. What will probably happen if global warming continues？

A. There will be more sea plants.

B. There will be too many floods.

C. Land animals will die out soon.

D.The oceans will get more acidic.

C

Theres good news for people hoping that Earth is not the only inhabited world in the universe. A team of astronomers announced on January 6 that they have identified eight planets beyond our solar system. The scientists say three or four of those planets orbit in their stars“Goldilocks Zone”—the region where temperatures are not too hot and not too cold for water to exist in liquid form. Water is a necessary ingredient for life as we know it.

The scientists， led by Dr. Guillermo Torres of the HarvardSmithsonian Center for Astrophysics， made the discoveries using data collected by the planetseeking Kepler telescope.

NASA launched Kepler in 2009. Since then， the telescope has identified more than 1，000 planets outside of our solar system. Torres and his team analyzed the data about the eight newly discovered worlds to determine which ones are most likely to be similar to the earth.

Among the new discoveries，the scientists say the planets called Kepler 438b and 442b are the closest to the earth. Kepler 438b is just about 10% larger than our planet， and gets 40% more of its energy from its star than the earth receives from the Sun. Temperatures there would be about 140 degrees. Kepler 442b is about 33% larger than the earth， but receives 30% less energy from its star. That would make it a potentially colder world than our own.

Torres says it is possible for life to exist and survive in either of those temperatures. But for that to happen， these planets would need to have another key ingredient for life： a heattrapping atmosphere like Earths.endprint

While these findings add to the possibility that life exists beyond the earth， Torres cautions against drawing conclusions. “Were not claiming theyre inhabited，” he says. In fact， these planets are so far away that scientists cannot observe them directly. For now， it remains unknown whether these planets contain life. But the discovery of planets in their stars habitable zones suggests that somewhere out there， some form of alien life may exist.

29.Kepler was launched for the purpose of .

A. studying the temperatures of planets

B. analyzing the data about 1，000 planets

C. discovering planets beyond the solar system

D. collecting information about the solar system

30. What do we know about Kepler 438b and 442b？

A. They are almost as large as the earth.

B. They are similar to Earth in some ways.

C. They are likely to be much colder than the earth.

D. They receive as much energy from the star as the earth.

31. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that .

A. scientists can observe more planets now

B. some form of alien life does exist in space

C. scientists dont announce what they have

discovered

D. it is still unknown whether life exists on other planets

32. Which would be the best title of the text？

A. Are We Alone？

B. New Planets in Outer Space

C. There Are Alien Beyond the Earth

D. Importance Discovery in Astronomy

D

“If thankfulness were a drug， it would be the worlds bestselling product with a health maintenance（养生） indication，” said Dr. P. Murali Doraiswamy， head of the department of biologic psychology at Duke University Medical Center.

“While the act of being thankful is not a substitute for a proper medical diagnosis（诊断） and treatment”， Doraiswamy said， “its certainly a strategy that can be used to improve wellness”.

Studies had shown measurable effects on multiple body and brain systems， said Doraiswamy.

“When my friends ask me why gratitude is beneficial， I tell them that humans have something called a negativity bias（消极偏见） where ‘bad stuff in our life outweighs the good by a measure of about 3：1，” Renee Jain， an expert of positive psychology， wrote in an email.

“This bias developed over millions of years help us survive threats in our environment，” said Jain. “Fortunately， we no longer have to worry about tigers attacking us on the way to work. Unfortunately， we still have this bias， which have negative effects on our lives.”endprint

The brains fundamental organizing principle in life is to avoid threat and maximize rewards， said Mitch Wasden， CEO of Ochsner Medical Center in Baton Rouge. “The brains primary reward chemical is called dopamine，” continued Wasden. “The interesting thing， however， is that we cant feel rewards and threats unless we focus attention on them. Many good and bad things happen in our life every day， but until they come to our own attention， we dont get the neurotransmitter（神经传递素 ） release that allows us to feel good or bad.”

“Gratitude helps us counteract the negativity bias by focusing our attention on the ‘good stuff，” Jain said. “A little focus can go a long way to improving ones psychological， social， and physical health.”

33. According to Doraiswamy， the thankfulness .

A. benefits us physically and mentally

B. can take the place of medical treatment

C. just likes a medicine

D. is the bestselling product benefiting patients

34. Renee Jain seems to believe that the negativity bias helped human beings .

A. to adapt to the environment

B. to be aware of threats nearby

C. to feel hopeless with the future

D. to live in harmony with animals

35. Why dont we feel good after many good things happen in our life？

A. We dont concentrate our attention on them.

B. We have too many things to attend in a day.

C. There are more bad things than good things.

D. Our body lacks a chemical called dopamine.

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Here are some tips for having a very productive 90min period：

36— Instead of doing a bunch of random actions， pick one clear theme for the block. This allows your brain to load in a single context and stick with it， which makes you more efficient. Your theme may be a project youre working on， a type of work like catching up on correspondence， or anything that lets your brain load in one clear context and stick with it.

Define the finish line — See your focus block as a fast dash to the finish line. But where is the finish line？ Having a clear goal thats only 90 minutes away will help you focus. 37 Its there to help you focus， so aim for it， but accept that sometimes youll miss.

38— List the specific actions youll take during this block. For some blocks this is really helpful. For others it may not be necessary if the steps are already clear. I wouldnt list out my action steps for writing a new article since that process is very familiar to me， but Id list brainstorm and list steps for an unfamiliar new project to make it easier to get started.endprint

Ensure zero interruptions — Do whatever it takes to ensure that you will not be interrupted under any circumstances during your focus block. If necessary， tell people in advance that you will not be available for the next 90 minutes. 39Lock your door if you can. Youll be much more productive and your focus will be deeper if you know for certain that you wont be interrupted.

Work fast — Think fast. Move fast. Work fast. 40 Imagine that youre in a race， and you have to maintain a strong pace for the full 90 minutes. After that you can rest. With practice this gets easier.

A. Pick one theme.

B. Focus on your goals.

C. List the action steps.

D. If you catch yourself going slow， speed up！

E. Let them know that you will be available after that.

F. Dont push yourself too hard even if there is a lot to do.

G. Dont worry if you dont cross the finish line each time.

第三部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

We all dream about it sometimes， dont we？ The grass is always greener on the other side of the fence， but we cant help it. However， Jerry Reid got his bachelors degree at the age of 70. It proves it is never too 41 to pursue our dream.

Reids love for the University of Virginia 42 in 1963 after he dropped out of high school. He spent weekends partying with his pal， Billy Sturman， but 43 applied to college. And despite becoming a sports writer， a salesman and even a racecar driver， Reid couldnt shake off his 44 to go to college.

45 Reid took courses at a community college to 46 Virginias Bachelor of Interdisciplinary（跨学科的） Studies program and was 47. He moved from Richmond to Charlottesville to enroll（注册） at the school of his dreams in 2009.

“Its just 48. The first time I walked on the grounds in the spring of 2011， I had no 49 what a magic carpet ride I was going to be on， but man its been something，” Reid said.

“Ive had a（n） 50 to do everything I wanted to do and things I never realized were going to be 51 to me just kept popping up，” Reid said.

Reid52 in the fall of 2013 and wants to teach writing afterward. He hopes to find a（n） 53 at the university as hed like to 54 in Charlottesville for the rest of his life.

“Im not going to 55 from anything and I hope to be in a classroom teaching when Im 70，” Reid said.

Is there a（n） 56 here for people in their 60s who feel like its 57？endprint

“The message is that youre not over 58 you say its over，” said Reid.

“I have made my dream come true，” he said. “I am feeling 59 than ever before. No matter 60you are， the world is still in front of you. Its not behind you.”

41. A. easy B. late

C. hard D. long

42. A. fadedB. increased

C. arrived D. began

43. A. neverB. still

C. even D.always

44. A. design B. memory

C. dreamD. impression

45. A. AndB. So

C. But D. As

46. A. think of B. decide on

C. stuck to D. apply for

47. A. acceptedB. declined

C. praised D. considered

48. A. worrying B. inviting

C. amazingD. surprising

49. A. opinion B. idea

C. prediction D. expectation

50. A. planB. urge

C. desire D. opportunity

51. A. availableB. familiar

C. accessible D. acceptable

52. A. quittedB. continued

C. graduattedD. interviewed

53. A. friend B. position

C. assistant D. wife

54. A. liveB. chat

C. shop D. sleep

55. A. learn B. change

C. escape D. retire

56. A. meaning B. notice

C. messageD. lesson

57. A. fair B. over

C. fine D. old

58. A. untilB. when

C. once D. since

59. A. betterB. richer

C. younger D. happier

60. A. how poor B. how small

C. how oldD. how far

第Ⅱ卷

第三部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）

第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Taylor Swift was born on December 13， 1989. She61（grow） up on a farm in Wyomissing， Pennsylvania. 62 a child， Swift loved to write and sing songs. She signed a publishing contract with Sony/ATV at age 13， the 63（young） songwriter the company had ever signed. In 2006， she released her first album， 64（call） Taylor Swift. Eight years later， 1989 is her fifth studio album. It solidified （巩固） her as one of the most 65（success） writerartists in the US.

Swift has proven herself to be a wise businesswoman. She knows 66 to make albums people will pay for. Her last three albums each sold more than a million copies in one week. This fall， Swift made headlines for pulling her music from Spotify， a popular online streaming service 67 lets users listen to music for free with ads. “I think that people should feel that there is a value to 68 musicians have created，” she told the reporter.

In October， New York Citys tourism 69（organize） announced Swift as its new “global welcome ambassador.” Her song “Welcome to New York” from 1989 is inspired by her recent move to New York City. Swift plans to donate all the income from the song to the New York City public school system.endprint

Throughout her career， Swift has left room in 70busy schedule to give back. The nonprofit DoSomething.org named Swift the most charitable celebrity of 2013.

第四部分写作（共两节， 满分35分）

第一节：短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（Λ），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：

1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

As we all know it， a lot of Chinese parents have high expectations for their children， hope they will stand out among other teenagers and be admitted into famous universities. That is why they always give them so much homework every day. Many parents consider it great glory for their children to enter a famous university.

However， doing too much homework without having time to relax was harmful. A great many students are under pressure. So they feel too nervous to sleep well but even have no appetite for food after exams. That phenomenon is worth of attention.

I hope parents dont push their children too hard. Children have different talent and not everybody is good at learning. What is important is that children are interesting in their lessons and find pleasure in learning.

第二节书面表达（满分25分）

最近，一些大城市的学生上学时，戴着含有GPS定位功能的手表上课，家长能对学生和教师上课的情况进行监控。此事引发人们的热议。某英语报纸的“Your Opinions”专栏针对这个问题征集读者的意见。请写一篇100字左右的英语短文，谈谈你的看法。endprint